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Results for Search : "302 Social interaction"
2020 (1)
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Subjective well-being of the Malaysian citizen: preliminary development of survey instrument
Item Type: Article
Editor:
Year: 00/03/2020
Abstract: A questionnaire is a well-known measurement instrument used by most of the researchers when conducting a survey. It is a powerful tool for collecting data in survey research. It should be noted that the quality of a measurement instrument used plays a key role in ensuring the quality of data gained in the survey. Therefore, it has become essential for the researchers to carefully design their questionnaire so that the quality of the data obtained can be preserved. Then, it is also vital for the researchers to assess the quality of the data obtained before it can be successfully used for further analysis. This article discussed an early process involved in development of the survey instrument for the purpose of assessing subjective well-being of the Malaysian citizen. These include operationalization of definition, identification of the important dimension and indicators of subjective well-being, rating scale and content validity of the items with the experts.
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2017 (1)
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Ajar anak hargai ibu bapa
Item Type: Article
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Year: 00/07/2017
Abstract: Parents are the most important people in everyone's life. Their service to us is priceless. Ever since we were in the womb, the mother has carried us in her womb for 9 months and 10 days and it is the mother who gave birth to us. Not to be forgotten is also the role of the father who is the leader and takes care of us to the best of our ability. We can show love to our parents by respecting and obeying them. Our parents have instilled pure values in us and educated us since childhood to the best of our ability.
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2016 (3)
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Mainan mengikut usia anak
Item Type: Article
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Year: 00/11/2016
Abstract: The role of toys is only to help improve the development of the child and not to replace the importance of the role of parents in educating the child. For children, especially those who are still young (under the age of five), most of them still do not understand what is said to be dangerous because for them, all items can be used as toys. Among the tips that can be used to choose games that are safe, especially for babies and children are such as the weight of the toy purchased, not easily removable or broken, suitable for the child's age and others.
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10 saat pelukan keluarga
Item Type: Article
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Year: 00/07/2016
Abstract: “10 saat pelukan keluarga” is the best gift a child can give to their parents. This gift is more meaningful than money and diamond gold. When a person does a hug, it will stimulate the skin cells that are detected through touch and caress that will be channeled through the nerves to the brain. Next, the brain will release three hormones that act as "natural transmitters" that cause us to feel happier and less stressed. The three hormones are serotonin, dopamine and oxytocin.
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2015 (6)
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Bijak berbelanja, keluarga bahagia
Item Type: Article
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Year: 00/09/2015
Abstract: Building a family requires knowledge of proper financial management. Both before and after marriage, financial problems will always linger in our minds, especially when family members are increasing. Seven (7) quick guides on family financial management using SmartBelanja Module for mutual benefit i.e. intention to save, have fixed and additional income, distribution of income money immediately for certain payments, make savings, always discuss with family members to avoid wastage and always pray that sustenance is always a blessing.
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10 tips luangkan masa berkualiti bersama keluarga
Item Type: Article
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Year: 03/06/2015
Abstract: Quality time with family is when family members can spend time with mutual benefits. The time is filled with activities or interactions that can further strengthen the relationship between family members. This article shares about 10 tips to spend quality time with family such as, praying together, eating, tidying and cleaning the house together, studying children's lessons, shopping, doing leisure activities together, traveling, family reunions, doing hobbies together, and corner mini library.
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Toleh kiri dan toleh kanan
Item Type: Article
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Year: 00/06/2015
Abstract: The aspect of safety in the family needs to be educated and made a daily practice and needs to be educated with patience without despair. There are some simple tips to practice in family safety such as don’t stop praying, keep dangerous and important equipment in a special place, safe zone to explore and consensus brings blessings.
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Household chores and your child
Item Type: Article
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Year: 00/00/2015
Abstract: Getting your child to help out with household chores on a regular basis can be beneficial for him to grow into a successful adult. This is due to a sense of self-worth and competency, and he will also be more responsible in other aspects of his life. Another benefit is that he will be more likely to have better self-esteem and it also makes him feel like a part of the family.Indirectly, this will teach him about the importance of family responsibility.
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Parent's role in preventing teen pregnancy
Item Type: Article
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Year: 00/00/2015
Abstract: The World Health Organisation (WHO) defines teenage pregnancy as a ‘teenaged or underaged girl (within the ages of 15–19) becoming pregnant.’ However, the term teenage pregnancy is often used in our society to mean unmarried adolescent girls who become pregnant. In many cultures and communities including Malaysia, this carries a social stigma.
Pregnant teenagers also face many additional obstetric, medical & social issues compared to women who give birth in their 20’s and 30’s.
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Faktor risiko dan pelindung terhadap kesihatan seksual dan reproduktif remaja di Semenanjung Malaysia
Item Type: Research Report
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Year: 00/00/2015
Abstract: In Malaysia, statistics from the National Registration Department (NRD) show that a total of 214,033 illegitimate children were born from 2004 to 2009. While statistics from the Royal Malaysia Police (RMP) show that 596 cases of baby abandonment were reported from 2005 to 2013. For the total number of rape crimes in among teenagers under the age of 18, PDRM statistics show an increase from 1,710 cases in 2006 to 2,658 cases in 2013. The increase in such cases shows that today's teenagers face the problem of moral decay and fragility of identity which is a concern of Malaysian society. Accordingly, knowledge of sexual and reproductive health can help adolescents avoid negative symptoms such as cases of extramarital pregnancies and social symptoms related to sexuality. The objective of this study was to (i). to study the prevalence of unhealthy sexual behavior among adolescents aged 13-24 years in peninsular Malaysia; (ii). identify risk factors related to adolescent sexual and reproductive health (ASRH); and (iii). identify protective factors related to ASRH. This study was implemented using two (2) main approaches, namely quantitative and qualitative methods. The design of the quantitative study was successfully conducted on 5,088 adolescents aged 13 to 24 years. The qualitative study involved a total of eight (8) Focus Group Discussions (FGD) conducted in eight (8) selected detention centers and shelter hostels located in several states in Peninsular Malaysia.
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2014 (4)
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Determinants of divorce among women in Peninsular Malaysia
Item Type: Conference or Workshop Item
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Year: 00/00/2014
Abstract: Many studies concerning divorce had been conducted especially in the West to investigate the pattern of divorce as well factors that that are related to divorce. However, there is not much research work on divorce in Malaysia. Therefore, the objective of this study is to explore the divorce trend at the macro level based on the data provided by the Department of Islamic Development Board and National Registration Department of Malaysia. Based on the trend analysis, it demonstrates that the divorce rate in Malaysia has been rising during a period of 17 years from 1995 to 2010. In addition, the trend of divorce between Muslim and non-Muslim couples display a divergent pattern especially during the economic downturn. At the micro level, the Fourth Malaysian Population and Family Survey (MPFS IV) data obtained from the National Population and Family Development Board was utilized to identify the determinants of divorce among women in Peninsular Malaysia. The results based on Cox-Regression analysis show that age, age at marriage, the number of marriages and the existence of children are the significant factors that are related to divorce. Besides, irreconcilable differences, imprudent husbands and the meddling in-laws family are the reasons why couples end their marriages, as found from the MPFS IV data.
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Universal health coverage in Malaysia: issues and challenges
Item Type: Conference or Workshop Item
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Year: 00/00/2014
Abstract: Socioeconomic development in Malaysia, over the past few decades, has led to the improvement and expansion of the public healthcare system. This system has provided universal access to a low-priced package of comprehensive health care leading Malaysia to claim to have achieved universal health coverage (UHC). However, the Malaysian health landscape is changing rapidly. Provision of private care has grown especially in large urban towns, mainly in response to public demand. Thus far, private care has been predominantly bought and utilised by the rich but because of differentials in quality of care between the public and private sector, unabated expansion of the private health sector has the potential to adversely affect universal access to care. This effect may be accentuated in the coming years by demographic changes in the country specifically by the ageing of the population. This paper is intended to highlight challenges to UHC in Malaysia in the face of the changing health landscape in the country and to offer some suggestions as to how these challenges can be met.
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Malaysian family well-being index study 2011
Item Type: Newsletter
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Year: 00/00/2014
Abstract: Realizing that the wellbeing of the family is the primary goal in the development of the country, the Ministry of Women, Family and Community Development through the National Population and Family Development Board (NPFDB) has pioneered the development of the Malaysian Family Wellbeing Index (FWB). The aim of the FWB index is to measure and monitor the subjective wellbeing of Malaysian families as well as to suggest and provide directions to develop family friendly policies, programs and services. The study was conducted on 2,808 households involving of 5,616 respondents. Through this study, the Family Wellbeing Index (FWB) was recorded at 7.55 out of a maximum score of 10 indicating that Malaysian families have a relatively high level of wellbeing and are able to manage the challenges of development. Of the seven domains identified, the Family and Religion / Spirituality domain recorded the highest score of 8.25.
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2009 (10)
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Families resilience and children and families of low income: maximizing opportunities through PERMATA ECEC Program
Item Type: Conference or Workshop Item
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Year: 00/00/2009
Abstract: PERMATA Early Childhood Education and Care (ECEC) Program in Malaysia was launched on the basis of evidence from research and practice which illustrates that early intervention through high quality program enhances children's social, emotional, spiritual, physical, and cognitive development. PERMATA is a child-focused, community integrated program with the overall goal of increasing school readiness in young children in low-income families, particularly in deprived areas. Despite its various learning outcomes, ECEC main underpinning goal is to produce generations of youth who are able to manage and regulate emotion, possess high EQ skill, and resillient in facing different challenges in life. Its long-term effect can be better understood as children develop into responsible citizens who will take a much more positive role in the society and are free of social ills that now seem to beset the country. This paper presents some strategies of best practices that have been applied in this program to foster and instill resilience in children mainly, increasing caring relationship, developing social competence, encouraging, self-help skills, create partnerships with family and community, and awareness of the existence and supremacy of God.
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Resilient families coping with sudden demise husband: an exploratory and empirical study of 50 nuclear urban middle class families in North India
Item Type: Conference or Workshop Item
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Year: 00/00/2009
Abstract: The paper offers research based Resilient Indian Family Template' culled from the coping practices adopted by 50 Nuclear Urban Middle Class Families in North India in the eventuality of sudden loss of husband. Convenient random sampling technique of data collection was employed for choosing the 50 families in question. Further interview and narrative methodology was used to elicit information from the families. Sudden loss of husband was accompanied by emotional and health problems for the surviving spouse, acute feeling of loneliness, decreased standard of living for the family, increased moral support from close relatives, children especially grown ups showing more restraint and responsibility in their habits and one member (in most cases it was wife) taking up income generating activity. Coping practices adopted by these families helped them rebound from crisis.
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Family functioning and child well-being amongst urban Malay single mother families: resilence despite challenges
Item Type: Conference or Workshop Item
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Year: 00/00/2009
Abstract: This study was designed to determine the contribution of risk and protective factors in predicting urban Malay single mother's family functioning and child well being. In addition, this study examine the moderating role of protective factors (risk x protective factor interaction) on the relationship between risk factors and family functioning and child well-being. Result highlight the role of protective factors in promoting better family functioning and child well-being and the extent to which protective factor buffer risk factors in the design of intervention aimed at strengthening family functioning and enhancing child well-being in urban Malay single mother families.
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New Zealand indigenous people and resilience
Item Type: Conference or Workshop Item
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Year: 00/00/2009
Abstract: Indigenous peoples throughout the world have used strengths and resiliency to preserve the ongoing effects of colonizations and as tools for sovereignty. The 'Tangata Whenua' of New Zealand, along side other indigenous and minority groups throughout the world, continue to progress the development of their own cultural frameworks and models of practice. More recently in New Zealand, particularly within the health and social services sectors, 'tangata whenua' have begun to examine resiliency research and practices which contribute to the body of knowledge in the area of 'whanau ora', and the cultural capacities and capabilities which assist families to build resiliency and protective factors and processes. This presentation examines what has been learned from the theory and practice experiences of a 'Tangata Whenua' social work practitioner and trainer.
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Coping mechanisms of families in transition: insights from Kathmandu Valley, Nepal
Item Type: Conference or Workshop Item
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Year: 00/00/2009
Abstract: The main purpose is to document and analyze the families that are migrated to Kathmandu City during the decade long in surgency in Nepal and their coping strategies. With in the family the children were the most effected. The analysis indicates that families have used different coping mechanisms. One of that is surprisingly offering children for adoptions outside the country. Children under 18 comprise almost 50 percent of Nepal's populations. As research evidence shows more than 300,000 orphans are in Nepal. There are various reasons behind the increasing trend of orphan and abandoned children. It includes armed conflict, domestic violence, natural disasters and displacement. These reasons directly or indirectly have an influence on the structure, size and coping mechanism of families in Nepal. The other mechanisms are earning daily wages, leaving old members of the family back home, male and female out migration. There are important policy lessons can also be derived and as a result government and non governmental programs can be designed that will enhance the resilience of families in transition. The paper is structured in five sections. After a brief introduction, section one presents the Statement of Problem and Objectives of the Study. The second section presents the findings from a brief literature review. Third section presents the analysis and findings for the primary research. Fourth section is about structures and process that are required to enhance the coping mechanism of the families in question. The paper is concluded in the fifth section.
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Factors contributing to resilient attitude formation among excellent children from low SES single parent family
Item Type: Conference or Workshop Item
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Year: 00/00/2009
Abstract: The present study aims to identify the factors that contribute to resilient attitude formation among children who scored excellent results in UPSR. This study used a descriptive research design (Issac, 1995; Kerlinger, 1979). Samples were selected using purposive sampling since the study is only limited to single parent's family from low sosio-economic status (SES). Samples consisted of low SES single parents (mothers) from rural areas. This study was carried out in two phases; (i) structed interview with single parents (n=15) and (ii) handing out questionnaires and interviewing children (boys, n=6 and girls, n=9). The researcher has divided the interview into two types, namely the unstructured interview and the structured interview. Samples were interviewed and their stories were analyzed using the constant comparative method. Transcript data were coded and analyzed using the grounded theory approach (Strauss & Corbin, 1998). Recurring words, phrases and themes in the transcripts were coded commonalities and contradictions within and among the interviews were noted. While constantly comparing the data, themes and meanings were analyzed to develop theoretical, interpretations and implications of the data. After the data had been analyzed, results were compared with the literature to determine the degree to which the findings confirmed prior research.
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Understanding coping and resilience of children and adolescents
Item Type: Conference or Workshop Item
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Year: 00/00/2009
Abstract: The objectives of this paper are to identify and define key concepts and models related to stress, coping, and resilience amongst children and adolescents and also to make us mindful to area wise gaps in our evidence based practice in this context. Amidst the growing evidence that depression and other mental health issues are surfacing amongst children and adolescents in several societies, the author focuses on the transactional nature of coping and resilience and how children and adolescents process a variety of stresses that they see in their day to day lives. Given that children and adolescents attempt to cope well in stressful situations being a fact, the author considers constructing and reviewing this stressful experiences in a person-environment transaction context to be a useful strategy. The paper presents this strategy.
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Achievement and challenges in managing female adolescents guidance Centre: experience share from Raudhatus Sakinah Kelantan
Item Type: Conference or Workshop Item
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Year: 00/00/2009
Abstract: Adolescents today are exposed to various social ills such that they are easily influenced by unhealthy activities, be it directly or indirectly. Many of them have become victims of abuse, maltreatment, neglect, undue psychological stress, rape, incest and others. Raudhatus Sakinah (RS) was thus establish as an institution that provides shelter and guidance to female adolescents who become victims of these social ills. RS strives to offer help to affected adolescents by increasing the level of their confidence and abilities so that they may develop into individuals that contribute positively to society and religion. RS has been in operation since August 1998 under the administration of Wanita Pertubuhan Jamaah Islah Malaysia (WJIM). RS is an established ongoing project to help curb social ills in the society, with special attention to helping adolescents. RS was officially registered under the Care Centre Act 1993 with the Department of Social Welfare. Later in 2004, RS Kelantan was set up in Kota Bharu. RS Kelantan shelters up to a maximum of 25 adolescents girls at any one time. They have to go through a year of rehabilitation program which focuses on spiritual and self development syllabus besides life skills and recreation activities. This paper will focus on the five year experiences, achievement and challenges faced by RS Kelantan in running the centre.
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The effect of negative and supportive behaviors of their parents and friends on substance abuse risk among Korean adolescents and implications for family resilience intervention: gender differences
Item Type: Conference or Workshop Item
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Year: 00/00/2009
Abstract: Substances use among adolescents is particularly because early initiation of substance not only leads to many detrimental impacts on their lives but also is predictive of both increased use and more serious patterns of use in their adulthood. Thus, it is important to identify potential substance users and factors related to substance use because these efforts may provide important information to help adolescents who are at high risk for substance use. Many studies documented that parental alcoholism and peer substance use are the most predictive risk factors for substance use among adolescents. On the other hand, there is ongoing debate among researchers on the influence of social support from family and friends on substance use by adolescents. Also, individual factors such as self-esteem, emotional coping, and academic performance have been shown to be associated with substance use among adolescents. Unlike western society, little is known about gender difference in the prevalence and correlates of substance use among adolescents in South Korea. Accordingly, this study aimed to identify the prevalence of substance abuse risk among South Korean adolescents and to examine the effects of negative and supportive of parents on their substance abuse risk by gender. The participants were 1,981 high school youths between the ages of 16 and 19 years (mean, 17.69) residing in Seoul city. Data collection was conducted conveniently choosing high schools in Seoul. Participants completed a self-report survey which included measures of substances abuse risk of adolescent and his or her best friend (using a POSIT scale), parental alcoholism (using the CAST), supportive behaviors from either parent or friend (using multidimensional scale of Perceived Social Support), Rosenberg's self-esteem scale, COPE scale developed by Carver et al. and gender, age, perceived economic status and academic performance.
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Families exposed to poverty-asssociated and parent effectiveness service
Item Type: Conference or Workshop Item
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Year: 00/00/2009
Abstract: Economic problem ranks highest as a source of family stress among the poor families which are often addressed with functional coping activities such as borrowing money, getting extra job or overtime work. Frequently, loans are availed of from relatives, employer or co-employees, friend and "5-6" lenders. Oftentimes, earning children and close relatives offer support or are tapped in times of financial crisis. Likewise, there is a thin line interfacing economic problem with situational and relationship stressors such as spouse having vices of drinking alcohol, misunderstanding about house rules and differences in discipline children, spouse's in difference; children misbehaviour, work related pressures and wife's nagging and etc. by and large, these families exposed to proverty-associated risks still value family life and spirituality tend to permeate their response towards difficulties. Efforts at addressing the socio-economic conditions and other concomitant problems of these families should be seen within the family framework. In this context, Parent Effectiveness Service (PES) is being implemented by an NGO in six (6) poor villages in a rural area in the Philippines alongside with other service. The main reference for the conduct of parent effectiveness sessions is the Manual on Effective Parenting developed by Department of Social Welfare and Development (DSWD) and UNICEF Philippines. Each module was written with the end-in-view of what Filipino parents need to know to better preserve the family. Despite the slow implementation, there are promising signs thet PES can serve as a preventive program that builds and strengthen the families to transcend proverty-associated risks when facilitated by professional helpers, specifically the field social workers. Awareness and raising the consciousness of parents on their role in childs socialization and it's implication to upholding society's convictions, values systems and norms are necessary in achieving a wholesome family and community life. Moreover, it is also a venue to identify and assess family functioning that may need imperative and appropriate social work intervention. Thus, interventions for children and the youth, women and the elderly should be within the framework of a family orientation to ensure integration rather than fragmentation of program efforts.
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2008 (1)
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The 41st session of the Commission on Population and Development on item 4 : Population distribution, urbanisation, internal migration and development
Item Type: Country Statement
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Year: 08/04/2008
Abstract: Malaysia is currently experiencing an increase in population mobility mainly caused by industrialization and urbanization. Between 1970 and 2006, the proportion of population living in big cities (namely Kuala Lumpur, Penang and Johor Bahru) had doubled due to rapid urbanization mainly contributed by internal migration. Internal migration in Malaysia is gender, age and area selective, it is dominated by males mainly in the age group of 15 to 34 years, though female migration is expected to increase in the future.
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2006 (7)
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"Helping the husband, maintaining harmony" : the share of Indonesian women in family decision making
Item Type: Conference or Workshop Item
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Year: 00/00/2006
Abstract: The perceived role of women in the family is to be a good wife, mother, housekeeper, manager of family resources and household activities. Men are to provide financial support. But in many occasions, especially under poverty condition, women are compelled to work outside the house for additional family income. Women see this as helping the husband, even though many women are the sole breadwinner of the family. However, work outside the house does not reduce the expected role of women. In the meantime, women carry double burden of taking care of the family matters and family income. Further, due to culture and religious believe, women are also expected to maintain harmony, related to husband-wife relationship. In conflict situation, it is the women who should give in and follow husband's wishes and need. This kind of belief/principle is a potential for domestic violence. This paper aims at presenting quantitative and qualitative findings on husband-wife's relationship, women's household autonomy, perception about domestic violence and refusal to have sex with husband. Data are derived from author's research finding in 1996 and the recent 2002/3 Indonesia Demographic and Health Survey. The paper also provide ways to protect women through the provision of NGO services, integrated medical centers, police women's desk, and the Law on Anti-Domestic Violence number 23 of 2004.
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Indicators on Family Well-Being
Item Type: Conference or Workshop Item
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Year: 00/00/2006
Abstract: With globalization, challenges facing the Filipino families have become more complex. Families try to cope with these challenges the best way they can, and, in the process, endangers the cohesiveness of families with children the hardest hit victims of such conditions. Governments try to provide programs and interventions to help families but oftentimes, these interventions are not sufficient since the problems are more deeply-rooted in the family system and is something that mere provision of services cannot simply address. And yet, the family remains to be an enduring institution in Philippine society. It is for these reasons that a study on possible indicators on the well-being of the Filipino family was conducted to track changes on family life over time. Family stability, parenting effectiveness, social responsibility, and rights perspective were the four major rights initially identified and discussed. This study is expected to lead towards the development of a score card for the Filipino Family Well-Being which can be done on a periodic basis.
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Recent changes in Korean families: demographic, social and cultural perspective
Item Type: Conference or Workshop Item
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Year: 00/00/2006
Abstract: This paper deals with recent changes in Korean families from diverse perspectives. Demographic conditions affecting family structure and family life in contemporary Korean society can be characterized as lowest-low fertility and speeding aging. Fertility in Korea drastically dropped to 1.08 of total fertility rate in 2005, one of the lowest records in the world. On the other hand, as a result of lowering fertility in part, aging has been proceeding too rapidly to adapt to new social environment. If aging continues with the current speed, it is easily predicted that Korean people will face financially unprecedented burden to support elderly within a short time. Lowest-low fertility and rapid aging have been clearly observed since the 1997 economic crisis in Korean society. In my view, Korean society has become an absolutely different society from that before the economic crisis. Not only social structure but also individual attitudes and behaviors and familial life had to be under restructuration right after the economic crisis. Thus, the economic crisis has to be regarded as a critical factor in recent family changes in Korea. Educational attainment for female has been expanded and comparable works for women have been increased. Thus, women had to have difficulties in finding marriageable men after the economic crisis. This has led to increasing age at first birth for both men and women, in other word delay marriage and family formation. Korean family has shown several new features in the late 1990s and early 2000s. One is the decreasing family formation. Another is increasing remarriage in Korea. Remarriage, in particular women's remarriage was negatively stigmatized according to a Confucian legacy to prohibit women's remarriage in traditional times. This custom has been remained for a long time. However, increasing divorce not only at younger ages but at middle and older ages has widened the possibility of remarriage for both men and women. Tolerance toward remarriage at the societal level has also greatly increased according to various family surveys. Even first-time marriage by men has been made with divorced or bereaved women. Another feature in contemporary marriage in Korea is a soaring international or interracial marriage, especially for Korean men. Single men in rural area have had so many difficulties in finding marriage partner because Korean women would not like to marry farmers or men residing in rural area. Under the shortage of marriageable women, rural men began to seek foreign bride, firstly from China and then Vietnam these day. Thus, more than one to ten marriages are now an interracial marriage in Korea. Changing demographic and familial conditions results in small size of family in Korea. The average number of household members is now less than three. On the other hand, one-person household is remarkably increasing in both urban and rural areas because of increasing divorce, deepening aging and increasing number of the female bereaved, and wide pursuit of independent life by younger generation. Also, with this trend, the proportion of female head of household is steadily increasing. However, female household heads are more suffering from poverty than male counterparts because of sex-discriminatory labor market, lack of women-friendly welfare policy and dual burden by the traditional patriarchal family system.
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Fertility transition in Asia in relation to family and population aging
Item Type: Conference or Workshop Item
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Year: 00/00/2006
Abstract: Declining fertility and increasing longevity have brought about remarkable shifts in the age structure of the population. Europe, Northern America and Australia/New Zealand initially experienced one of such inevitable demographic events, that is population aging. While the transition from the young-age population to the aging population occurred over a much longer period in the West, the speed of aging is much faster in low-fertility countries of Asia. This has now emerged as a new issue challenging many low-fertility countries in Asia, as it has implications for the family and caring for the older persons. This paper provides a general overview of the fertility transition in Asia and factors affecting the fertility decline. Focusing on low-fertility countries in Asia, the paper highlights the implications of low fertility on population aging. Various indicators of population aging, such as the changes in age structure, potential support ratio and feminization of the elderly population, are presented for a better understanding of the overall situation. Comparisons are made with Europe, Northern America and Australia/New Zealand to put forward the magnitude of the challenge. As the Asian region contains over 60 percents of the global population and has experienced a rapid decline in fertility, the absolute size of the older population is a major concern. While the overall population growth rate has been declining over time, the number of older persons is increasing at a rate at least twice as high. In addition to the increase in older persons, a gender disparity in the improvements in the life expectancy at birth is likely to be illiterate and living in poverty. Providing family support, health care and financial security are some of the contentious issues aging societies will face. There have been discussions concerning the possibility of increasing fertility in countries with below replacement fertility. It is, therefore, crucial for governments to plan for an aging society long before fertility reaches a very low level. Meanwhile, it is important for Asian countries to recognize the significance of aging problems and start formulating policies for the elderly given that it takes several decades for government old-age pension insurance schemes to mature and operate at full scale. It would be more difficult for families to care for their older members because families would be smaller, people would live longer and the migration of young adults would mean that families would fragment. the present trends present a major challenge to address the needs of families. It is, therefore, important to consider the present trends in designing social policies, put the family at the centre of any future social policy development and examine good national practices when designing a new approach to family policies.
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Emerging role of daughters in the context of new challenges and opportunities of maintaining family system
Item Type: Conference or Workshop Item
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Year: 00/00/2006
Abstract: My paper is based upon a long term study of the role of educated working women in the maintenance and revitatlisation of the institution of family in India in the urban settings in the era of modernisation. The institution of family has been stressed due to the pressures of nuclearisation and/or downward mobility in urban India. It is more pronounced among the lower-middle and middle classes where the women belonging to these sections are making large scale entry into the spheres of modern education and age employment. It has affected the norms about marriage and family in many ways for women including increase in the age at marriage and remaining unmarried due to the imperatives of career of family responsibilities. But my study has resulted into the conclusion that there is increasing visibility of 'daughter supported families' where the working daughters are performing a) central, b) crucial, and c) useful role in maintenance of the family system inspite of their remaining unmarried. This is a significant change where failure of patrilineality is duly compensated by the constructive role of unmarried working daughters in the continuity of family system.
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Protecting and strengthening the family through National Family Planning Programme: Indonesia's experience
Item Type: Conference or Workshop Item
Editor:
Year: 00/00/2006
Abstract: Indonesia, similar to other countries in the region, has been experiencing problems that threaten family cohesiveness, such as: poverty, prolonged socio-economic crisis, modernization and globalization. If not addressed adequately these threats to family cohesiveness will also be potential threat to the development of human resources in Indonesia. Thus protecting the family becomes an important aspects for the development of the nation, requiring contribution of three major parties, namely: government commitment; family motivation; and community support. The paper examines the Indonesian government's efforts to protect and strengthen families through the national family planning program. The Indonesia's family Planning program was established in early 1970. After the ICPD 1994, the program has expanded its mission and dealt not only with contraceptive services and family welfare but also other aspects of reproductive health and reproductive rights as well, shifting its vision to become quality family, instead of small and happy family. High commitment of the Government towards promoting Family Planning and Welfare is expressed through legal policy aspects and the programmatic interventions.
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The development of antisocial behaviour in adolescence: child,family, peer and school influences
Item Type: Conference or Workshop Item
Editor:
Year: 00/00/2006
Abstract: This paper focuses on pathways to antisocial behaviour in adolescence, as well as resilience against antisocial behaviour, with particular attention being given to family influences on these pathways. Findings are presented from an ongoing, 23-year longitudinal study that has followed a large sample of Australian children from infancy to early adulthood thus far. Some of the important messages emerging from the three large reports completed between 2002 and 2005 are discussed, including: there is not one single pathway to antisocial behaviour, rather there are multiple pathways that can begin in childhood, adolescence, or early adulthood. Many children seem to embark on problematic pathways early in life, but there is considerable change at key transition points; the detection of sensitive periods of change can provide opportunities to intervene to help children move off problematic pathways; many at-risk children are resilient to the development of antisocial behaviour and we can learn from them what supports are needed; and finally, particular parenting styles can ameliorate or amplify the influence of child characteristics on antisocial behaviour.
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2001 (2)
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Aging population in Malaysia: future challenges
Item Type: Newsletter
Editor:
Year: 00/07/2001
Abstract: In the light of the growth of the older population, there is a need to respond to the increasing proportion and the absolute number of older persons in the total population. In Malaysia, unlike Japan and other developed countries, the issue of aging is not as critical. However, with increasing proportion and number of older persons, Malaysia has to plan early for the need of the older persons which are quite different from the rest of population.
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Kajian Penduduk dan Keluarga Setinggan di Lima Bandar Utama, Semenanjung Malaysia
Item Type: Research Report
Editor:
Year: 00/00/2001
Abstract: This study is to collect information on the population and squatter families from the demographic and socio-economic aspects. A total of 1.423 dwellings in slum areas has been carried out censorship. Of this amount, a total of 7.310 identified household members and 1,308 ever married women aged 15 to 49 years were selected. The study was conducted in five major cities in Peninsular Malaysia, namely, Ipoh, Sungai Petani, Petaling Jaya, Kuala Lumpur and Johor Bahru. The study covers the demographic information, housing and environmental conditions, the labor force participation, aspects of migration and relocation, neighborhood issues and community life, family interaction and communication between family members, reproductive health and health practices, child care issues, aspirations / hope respondents about their children's education in the future, and interaction respondent / husband with parents.
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2000 (5)
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Family development module for Institutions of Higher Education
Item Type: Module
Editor:
Year: 01/12/2000
Abstract: The NPFDB has initiated a family development programme (MOPKITP) for students from Institutions of Higher Education. The Family Development Module will be offered through the co-curriculum programme. This Family Development Module Package is a combination of the NPFDB's existing modules, that is Permata Kasih, Youth Exploration, SMARTbelanja, SMARTSTART, Bahtera Kasih, Belaian Kasih, Mutiara Kasih and POP Community. The outcome of this collaborative effort with the Institutions of Higher Education will be a pool of student who are "trained facilitators". Hence the NPFDB will be able to use these students to further expand its family development programmes to the grassroots.
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Kajian kesan pendatang asing ke atas penduduk tempatan: 'satu tinjauan di Mukim Setapak dan Ulu Kelang'
Item Type: Research Report
Editor:
Year: 01/12/2000
Abstract: This study was conducted to gather information on the impact of immigrants on the local aspect of demographic, economic, social, education, employment, health and safety. By using qualitative methods, fieldwork has successfully interviewed include locals, foreigners, government officials and community leaders. The study found that over 70 percent of respondents say that the locals immigrants chose Malaysia because of the economic opportunities and family ties with the local people. In addition, a stable political situation is also a cause of withdrawal immigrants into Malaysia. Almost half of the immigrants use the health facilities provided by the government. This causes the local population to resort to private clinics / hospitals that indirectly increase the cost of family expenses.
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KASIH Package module
Item Type: Module
Editor:
Year: 00/00/2000
Abstract: The KASIH package consists of five key modules based on the family life cycle which is Module On Preparation For Marriage - (Bahtera Kasih) - Focuses on enhancing knowledge and skills on marriage preparation and developing a strong foundation for marriages, Module On Fatherhood - (Pancaran Kasih) - Focuses on sharpening the parenting skills of fathers in shaping their children's development, Module On Parenting of Young Children - (Belaian Kasih) - Equips parents with techniques and skills for parenting their young children, Module On Parenting Adolescents - (Mutiara Kasih) - Assists parents to develop effective communication and relationship skills in guiding their adolescent children to be resilient in facing challenges and Module On Adolescent Development - (Permata Kasih) - Adolescent are guided to develop positive values such as being caring and sensitive, loving, responsible and having good personalities in line with the family, society and country's aspiration.
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I'm in Control module (Teenagers)
Item Type: Module
Editor:
Year: 00/00/2000
Abstract: The main objective of the I'm in Control module is to empower teenagers with the appropriate knowledge, attitudes and skills to make informed choices about their sexual and reproductive health. This module is targeted at teenagers aged 13 - 17 years and focuses on building skills to prevent and reduce the risks to pregnancy, sexually transmitted infections and HIV/AIDS. Skills provided include identifying and avoiding high risk situations and using assertive techniques to avoid premarital sex.
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I'm In Control module (Parent's Edition)
Item Type: Module
Editor:
Year: 00/00/2000
Abstract: The I'm In Control module (Parent's Edition) has been developed to complement the I'm In Control Module developed for teenagers. The module objectives are to enhance parent's knowledge on the physiological, biological, physical and social development of adolescents, to increase parenting knowledge and skills on adolescent sexual and reproductive health and to provide skills on enhancing parent-teen relationship.
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