Browse by Division/Agency
Results for Division/Agency : "LPPKN - National Population and Family Development Board, Malaysia"
Act & Policy (6)
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Population Policy Brief: Youth Sexual Education and Reproductive Health
Item Type: Act & Policy
Editor:
Year: 00/06/2023
Abstract: Comprehensive sexuality education (CSE) is a proven and cost-effective intervention program meant to promote healthy sexual behaviours, prevent unintended pregnancies, sexually transmitted infections (STIs), and gender-based violence, and promote gender equality and human rights. Therefore Malaysian have to work together to foster universally accepted sex education within society by implementing a suitable tailored curriculum based on professionally-verified CSE.
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National Family Policy
Item Type: Act & Policy
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Year: 00/03/2011
Abstract: Malaysia is one of the few countries that has an explicit policy on family. The National Family Policy (NFP) was launched on 19 March 2011. It advocates the concept of family wellbeing based on family values such as caring, honesty, justice and equity regardless of status, gender and age. At the macro level, the policy will be the catalyst to urge all stakeholders to take into account the family perspective in all their planning, strategy formulation or development efforts, either through their commitment, formulation or review of policies and laws that are not family friendly to ensure that programmes, services and family friendly facilities are accessible.
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Dasar & Pelan Tindakan Pendidikan Kesihatan Reproduktif & Sosial Kebangsaan
Item Type: Act & Policy
Editor:
Year: 06/11/2009
Abstract: The National Reproductive and Social Health Education Policy that applies to all walks of life regardless of age, to increase the knowledge on sexual reproductive health among Malaysia and to encourage them to have a positive attitudes towards reproductive and social services.
Earlier it was known as PKRS Policy. However, in 2012, the Policy and Action Plan for National Reproductive and Social Health Education was known as PEKERTI Policy. Reproductive and social health education is fundamental to the development of strong and healthy human development, honorable and mutual respect. The policy takes into account the diversity of religion, culture and values of life in Malaysia.
Following the approval of the Parliament of Malaysia on the Policy and Action Plan for National Reproductive and Social Health Education (PEKERTI) in 2009, LPPKN through KPWKM has implemented the PEKERTI Programme at the kafe@TEEN Adolescent Centres, Program Khidmat Latihan Negara (PLKN), and schools.
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Dasar dan Pelan Tindakan Kanak-Kanak Negara
Item Type: Act & Policy
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Year: 29/07/2009
Abstract: Children are a very important part of society, they are an asset for the country and the link for the country's development in the future. In 2008, there were 10.5 million (37.9%) children out of 27.7 million population. As such, the Government is very concern about the welfare and interests of children. In this regard, Malaysia has ratified the Convention on the Rights of the Child (CRC) on 17 February 1995. The Convention focuses on the welfare and lives of children that lead to aspects of survival, protection, development and participation. As a State Party to the CRC, Malaysia is very concerned and committed to the responsibility to ensure the safety and welfare of the children who are the heirs and future generation of the country. Interests of the child is clearly shown in the Statement of Vision 2020 in which the institution of the family and children is one of the focuses of priority in the country's efforts to achieve developed nation status in addition to creating a society that is fair and compassionate.
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Dasar dan Pelan Tindakan Orang Kurang Upaya
Item Type: Act & Policy
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Year: 21/11/2007
Abstract: People with Disabilities (PWD) policy is based on the concept of equality of rights and opportunities for PWD to participate fully in society. This policy also emphasizes on human rights values such as integrity, honour and independence that will enable them to live independently.
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Population Policy Malaysia towards a population of seventy million
Item Type: Act & Policy
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Year: 00/07/1984
Abstract: Based on this study the present population growth trend indicates that the population of Malaysia will stabilise at or around 39 million by the year 2150. In order to achieve an ultimate population size of 7O million, the present demographic trend has to be changed so that the rate of fertility decline is reduced by 0.1. point every 5 years. In this manner, the target would be achieved within approximately 115 years times, namely around the year 2100.
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Annual Report (27)
Article (109)
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The likelihood of self-perceived loneliness among older persons in Malaysia
Item Type: Article
Editor:
Year: 00/06/2024
Abstract: As people grow older, the risk of becoming lonely increases. Loneliness has a negative impact on both mental and physical health in older persons. Although research on loneliness among older persons is expanding, less is known about loneliness in Southeast Asia, particularly Malaysia. Therefore, this study’s purpose is to investigate the prevalence of loneliness and its associated factors among older persons in Malaysia using the most recent national survey data from the 2014 Malaysian Population and Family Survey. The sample was extracted to include ever-married Malays, other Bumiputera, and Chinese and Indian groups aged 60 and above who had children. Loneliness was measured using a single self-reported question about whether respondents had ever felt lonely, which was then categorized as a binary variable. A Chi-Square test was performed on feelings of loneliness across socio-demographic characteristics, mental health, physical health, family support, and social participation, followed by logistic regression analysis using significant variables as predictors. The prevalence of loneliness among older persons was 35.7%. The logistic regression showed that factors contributing to the likelihood of feeling lonely include being widowed, divorced, or separated, experiencing anxiety, physical limitations, and sharing problems with children. In contrast, residing in urban areas, having higher education levels, having more sources of income, having life satisfaction, perceiving life as meaningful, having fair and good self-rated health, co-residence with adult children, and participation in religious activities were associated with a lower likelihood of experiencing loneliness. Loneliness is a serious issue among older persons in Malaysia. The government, community, and family should immediately address this psychological problem. The study suggests the need for appropriate strategies for the prevention of loneliness should be developed in the near future.
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Active engagement and health status of older Malaysians evidence from a household survey
Item Type: Article
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Year: 17/03/2023
Abstract: Malaysia is undergoing rapid age structural shift to becoming an ageing nation by 2030 when 14% of its population will be aged 60 and over. Population ageing strains the healthcare system due to the rapid rise in non-communicable diseases and poses enormous challenges in providing social protection.
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Prediction of Malaysian women divorce using machine learning techniques
Item Type: Article
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Year: 01/10/2022
Abstract: This paper discusses the performance of three machine learning techniques namely Decision Tree, Logistic Regression and Artificial Neural Network for predicting divorce among Malaysian women. Secondary data were obtained from the Fifth Malaysia Population and Family Survey (MPFS-5) conducted by the National Population and Family Development Board (LPPKN). The total number of instances in the dataset was 7,644 ever married Malaysian women aged 15 to 59 years old. Divorce is currently a serious problem among the Malaysian community due to various reasons. In 2019, the divorce rate in Malaysia rose by 12% from the previous year. During the first three months of the movement Control Order (MCO), i.e. from March 18 to June 18, 2020, the Syariah Court of Malaysia recorded 6,569 divorce cases. Worse, a total of 90,766 divorce cases were recorded from January to October 2020. Among the six predictive methods, The Decision Tree Model (C5.0) was found to be the best model in classifying divorce among Malaysian women. The accuracy of the C5.0 model was 77.96% followed by the Artificial Neural Network (Multi-Layer Perceptron) and Logistic Regression (Forward Stepwise) model (74.68% and 67.89%, respectively). The order of important predictors in predicting divorce among Malaysian women is the wives’ employment status (0.1531) followed by the husbands’ employment status (0.1396), type of marriage (0.1327), race/ethnicity (0.1327), distant relationship (0.1212). the wives’ qualification level (0.1115), age group (0.1053) and religion (0.0998)
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Konseptual kualiti hidup dalam konteks golongan pesara di Malaysia
Item Type: Article
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Year: 00/12/2021
Abstract: Quality of life carries a more complex meaning in explaining the context of an individual's life status, whether they are satisfied and happy with their living conditions or not. The phenomenon of quality of life can be measured by looking at indicators in various aspects whether monetary or non-monetary. This study was conducted to examine what the meaning of quality of life is in the context of retirees in Malaysia. In addition, this study was also conducted to see what indicators affect the quality of life, especially for retirees in Malaysia. In order to achieve the objectives of this study, a qualitative method was used, particularly working on reading sources from previous studies. The sources were screened through Scopus access. The main findings of this study found that there are various indicators that affect the quality of life
retirees in Malaysia and can be divided into two categories, namely monetary which consists of economic indicators, and
residence. While non-monetary consists of indicators of social support, health and family life. Therefore, this study will analyze and conceptually describe the quality of life of the retirees in Malaysia in a more comprehensive way through research on national policies and policies, as well as see a brief comparison with other countries.
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Impak positif daripada pandemik covid-19 kepada institusi kekeluargaan
Item Type: Article
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Year: 00/12/2021
Abstract: The world was shocked by the presence of the Covid-19 pandemic which changed the norms of human life from the usual. This effect also
felt by every family institution which is the basic group in a community. The routine in family life that has become a habit had to be changed because of it. Previous studies have found that there are various negative or positive impacts from this epidemic. This article places special emphasis on the positive impact of the Covid-19 pandemic on family institutions. The study is exploratory because it is a new issue with limited resources. The study literature is based on references obtained from reading sources related to the Covid-19 pandemic and the concept of new norms for family institutions. In addition to that, independent observation and experience are also the results of the study. The focus of the positive impact of this pandemic on family institutions is seen from a spiritual perspective, habits and attitudes. The result of this writing found that there are several lessons referring to the positive impact useful to be used as a reference or guide in the future. The concept of understanding and returning to religious teachings is the key to getting a positive impact from any form of calamity or disaster.
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Pendekatan kaunseling disermen dalam menangani konflik perkahwinan era pendemik covid-19
Item Type: Article
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Year: 00/12/2021
Abstract: Marital conflict management in a quality manner is necessary considering the functionality of the husband and wife is the backbone
to marital bliss. In this paper, the use of the 'Pendekatan Kaunseling Disermen' introduced by William J. Doherty is proposed to be used during counseling sessions involving couples where one party tends to stay and the other tends to divorce, especially in the era of the COVID-19 pandemic.
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Communication activities between spouses during covid-19 pandemic
Item Type: Article
Editor:
Year: 00/12/2021
Abstract: Interpersonal communication is vital in every relationship. In this current situation of pandemic Covid 19, movement control orders (MCO) have been implemented by the government. Due to the MCO, people spend more time at home and the communication activities within the family might change as well. Thus, this research will conduct a qualitative method (in-depth interviews) to investigate the communication activities and the effects of those activities between spouses during the pandemic of Covid 19.
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Academic performance and gender stereotypes among KUPTM students
Item Type: Article
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Year: 00/12/2021
Abstract: This study was aimed to find the gender differences in stereotypes. This study also seeks to identify the relationship between different levels of academic performance and stereotypes. A quantitative method was applied in this study and data was collected through the distribution of questionnaires among 230 respondents from Kolej University Poly-Tech MARA Kuala Lumpur (KUPTM KL). The result shows that there is no significant relationship between stereotypes and gender.
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Impak covid-19 terhadap kelestarian sosioekonomi masyarakat pedalaman di Malaysia: kajian kes Daerah Segamat Johor
Item Type: Article
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Year: 00/12/2021
Abstract: The implementation of the Movement Control Order (MCO) by the government to control internal and cross-border movement of districts and/or states has been accepted and adapted to become the new norm in controlling the spread of infection, especially involving vulnerable community groups. But at the same time, this restriction of movement also disrupt various activities in the economic sector which is the heart of community life. Since there is a lack of specific research to find out the impact of Covid-19 on the socioeconomic sustainability and needs of the rural community, a case study and field survey was conducted invoving 20 respondents/household heads (KIR) in Felda Pemanis 1, Segamat district, Johor on 13-14 September 2021. The findings show the majority respondents are senior citizens who belong to a vulnerable and high-risk group.
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Penghayatan islam dan hubungannya terhadap pengabaian qawwamah dalam perkahwinan
Item Type: Article
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Year: 00/12/2021
Abstract: Qawwamah in marriage is an issue that is often raised when there is domestic conflict. Neglect of qawwamah by the husband will have very big implications for the wife. The emergence of domestic dysfunction is due to the problem of leadership that is not based on the appreciation of Islam. Harmony and happiness are difficult to form without the implementation of Islamic practices applied in household institutions. This study suggests that the appreciation of Islam be used as a model in fostering household leadership that is free from conflict in creating a harmonious and calm atmosphere.
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Program dan aktiviti warga emas satu kajian di pusat aktiviti warga emas (PAWE) Negeri Kedah
Item Type: Article
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Year: 00/12/2021
Abstract: For the State of Kedah, the aging status based on statistics up to now is 12.6% of the elderly population based on the total population in the State of Kedah of 2.2 million people. In accordance with the wishes of the Federal Government, it is necessary to establish every PAWE in every Parliament to draft and enable the elderly to always be active in the State of Kedah. In the State of Kedah there are 12 PAWEs representing 12 Parliamentary constituencies and this study will look at the involvement of the elderly in activities and programs that successfully attract their interests and tendencies. At the end of the study, the researcher will state the need for such a program as an example among the elderly and be used as a guide in the future.
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Knowledge, attitude and practice on female sexual dysfunction (mati putik) among women in Kuantan, Pahang
Item Type: Article
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Year: 00/12/2021
Abstract: Female sexual dysfunction or also known as ‘mati putik’ can be defined as women with lack of sexual desire, difficulty in arousal, inability to reach orgasm, pain during intercourse, failure to feel pleasure from sex or anxiety about sex performance. In Malaysia, infidelity or sexual relationship was in the top reasons of divorce cases. Hence, this study aimed to determine the level of knowledge, attitude and practice on female sexual dysfunction among female in Kuantan, Pahang. A total sample of 100 married women was randomly selected based on the classification in inclusive and exclusive criteria.
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Kanak-kanak, kemiskinan dan literasi digital: ke arah masa depan digital yang positif
Item Type: Article
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Year: 00/12/2021
Abstract: Children living in poverty are often denied the experience and ability to use digital media that is beneficial and valuable. Often these children do not have access to digital media and consequently they do not understand the potential of digital technologies. Children from low-income B40 families living in 'Pusat Perumahan Rakyat' (PPR) are a segment of society that may be affected. This study attempts to offer approaches that can help these children by accessing their level of digital media use and digital skills first. A telephone survey of 308 children living in PPR was conducted in March 2021. The study found that children have limited access to digital devices.
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Poverty in marginal communities: factors, cultures and counseling intervention strategies for the poor and homeless
Item Type: Article
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Year: 00/12/2021
Abstract: This article discusses the poverty faced by two marginal groups in Malaysia, namely the destitute and the homeless in Malaysia. This article covers the concept of poverty in Malaysia, the factors of poverty, the theory and culture of poverty, and the government's efforts in helping the marginalized. In addition, there is a discussion on the new classification of households issued by the Department of Statistics Malaysia in 2020. The government can more accurately identify the household income range to formulate and plan the assistance that needs to be channeled to specific groups in need.
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Cabaran penjaja kecil wanita dalam era pandemik covid- 19 di Perlis
Item Type: Article
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Year: 00/12/2021
Abstract: Conventional business norms are now drastically changing with the outbreak of the unprecedented covid-19 pandemic. Thus, this study examines the challenges of small hawkers in the era of the Covid-19 pandemic in Perlis. The study respondents consisted of 200 small women hawkers around small towns in Perlis.
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Memperkasakan keusahawan sosial produk menstruasi bagi membasmi kemiskinan haid
Item Type: Article
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Year: 00/12/2021
Abstract: The Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) set Goal-1 to end poverty in all its forms everywhere. However, menstrual poverty still happens to teenage girls and women from the past until now. It is not easy for them to get or buy menstrual products due to financial constraints. Based on a focus group discussion research session, the main objective of the study is to review the social entrepreneurship strategies carried out by three social entrepreneurship organizations – BunPad, KotMe and AntPower (pseudonym of the study) in dealing with the issue of menstrual poverty among underprivileged women.
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Pencetus utama konflik perkahwinan sepanjang fasa pertama perkahwinan dalam kalangan pasangan muda: kajian kes semasa Perintah Kawalan Pergerakan (PKP)
Item Type: Article
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Year: 00/12/2021
Abstract: The first phase of marriage is often associated with a crisis phase, an adjustment phase and a stress phase. The success of the young couple through this phase will guarantee the stability of the marriage and the survival of the family institution. Divorce is a major threat to young couples in the early phase of marriage. This study aims to identify triggers of marital conflict during the first phase of marriage (1-10 years) among young couples in the State of Selangor. The results of the analysis show that there are three 93) main triggers of marital conflict among young couples, namely financial crisis, communication problems and family interference.
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Development of a high-energy nutrient-dense meal as supplementary functional food for improving problem of stunted and under-nourished children
Item Type: Article
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Year: 00/12/2021
Abstract: Poverty, obesity and lifestyles are the most associated factors of vitamin D deficiency among urban-living children in Malaysia. Vitamin D is necessary for calcium absorption from food to ensure healthy bones and teeth. Vitamin D deficiency can cause soft and brittle bones disease known as rickets in children and osteomalacia in adults. Based on previous research, lack of nutritional knowledge among parents can contribute to nutrition deficiencies in children. To overcome this issue, nutritional education and awareness campaign among parents are needed. Besides campaign, the development of supplementary functional food which can provide crucial nutrients and energy that can assist in brain and body growth seems beneficial.
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Pemerkasaan wanita melalui program wanita Malaysia Revolusi Industri (IR4.0) bebas jenayah siber
Item Type: Article
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Year: 00/12/2021
Abstract: Sustainable national development needs to take into account the cyber well-being of the population, especially empowering women who are often the victims. Various cybercrime issues such as cyber harassment, cyberbullying, cyber stalking and criminal intimidation, under the scope of gender-based violence, online have largely involved women as primary victims. The gender power imbalance that exists in a society where usually, men are considered the dominant gender while women are considered the submissive gender. This has motivated the need to develop a form of training program that focuses on gender equality and women’s empowerment in cyber security. Therefore, this study aims to develop a cyber security training program called the Bengkel Wanita Malaysia Revolusi Industri (IR4.0) Bebas Jenayah Siber (Sibernita).
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Perceraian dalam kalangan wanita Melayu Terengganu
Item Type: Article
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Year: 00/12/2021
Abstract: This article analyzes the issue of divorce claims among Terengganu Malay women. Writing from a social history perspective, focusing on the period from 1963 to 1978 based on the written report of the Besut Kadhi Office obtained at the National Archives of Malaysia Terengganu Branch. The discussion of this article is divided into three parts. First, about background such as place of origin, age, length of time left, marital and family status and partner's occupation. Second, explain the factors that cause women to make complaints to religious parties that are related to the problem of neglecting alimony and responsibilities, polygamy and disappearing for a certain period of time. Third, removing the constraints faced such as hard-to-find couples who have migrated from their original area to a new place outside Terengganu or to another district in Terengganu as well as marriage with a partner from outside Terengganu. The findings of the study show that the Kadhi Besut Office plays an important role in solving problems related to the status of women who are suspended without strings. This study is expected to be able to fill the void in writing about Malaysian social history in general and gender studies in particular in the post-independence era.
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Regulating retirement village in Malaysia; the way forward
Item Type: Article
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Year: 00/12/2021
Abstract: As Malaysia is predicted to be an ageing nation by the year 2030, developing a retirement village shall be an avenue for senior citizens to have a welfare and conducive placement for them to spend their time with value-added amenities that cater their special needs. This paper discusses the overview concept and elements of retirement village sector in Malaysia and other jurisdictions, and the possibility of having a sustainable legal framework in regulating the sector. The legal issues and possible unintended consequences that may arise out of the development of retirement village in Malaysia is also discussed in this paper.
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Kemiskinan haid: krisis kesihatan awam yang perlu diakhiri
Item Type: Article
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Year: 00/12/2021
Abstract: Menstrual poverty is a situation when individual face difficulties in obtaining sanitary napkins (pads) or tampons due to financial constraints. It also refers to the lack or absence of sanitation facilities for managing menstruation such as no water supply or no proper waste disposal (sanitary pad) and no privacy to manage menstruation. In addition, lack of knowledge about menstruation and its management is another component of ‘menstrual poverty’. Awareness about ‘menstrual poverty’ needs to be created among the community and other stakeholders such as authorities associated with family and community institutions as well as volunteer organizations. Affected individuals also need to be empowered to speak out about the issues they face. With the pooling of resources and action from all stakeholders, this issue of ‘menstrual poverty’ can be addressed.
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Determining the prevalence of family planning (FP) utilisation and its associated factors among adults in Malaysia: an online survey
Item Type: Article
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Year: 00/12/2021
Abstract: Family Planning (FP) is one of the pillars of Safe Motherhood Program in reducing maternal mortality and morbidity. Despite positive evidence on the benefit of family planning, its utilisation among Malaysian population is still lower than expected. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of family planning utilisation and its associated factors among adults in Malaysia.
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Memperkasakan aspek penjagaan kanak-kanak melalui bantuan kewangan mampu meningkatkan penyertaan ibu bekerja dalam pasaran buruh
Item Type: Article
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Year: 00/12/2021
Abstract: Since the 2nd Malaysia Plan in fact, various efforts have been made by the government to empower the role of women in the labour market. One of that is employers are encouraged to provide childcare centers at work or in nearby areas to support the needs of married women with children. This is because, many studies state that many women quit their jobs when faced with difficulties of managing childcare in addition to the relatively increasing cost of childcare. Therefore, this quantitative study aims to examine the extent to which respondents are faced with the issue of access to childcare and the cost of childcare. The survey distributed online to 362 working mothers across Malaysia found that 55.8% still faced difficulties in finding childcare in their residential areas and 61.3% had problems finding childcare in their working area.
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Peranan dan tanggungjawab masyarakat terhadap rumah kebajikan kanak-kanak
Item Type: Article
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Year: 00/12/2021
Abstract: This article tries to discuss the role of society on the lives of children in welfare home and the sustainability of welfare homes. For this purpose, the researcher has made more than 70 visits to Children’s Welfare Homes (Residential – Private/NGO). It involves 35 institutions covering eight districts in Selangor. This discussion is based on data from questionnaires, interviews and observations during visits. Interviews involve the highest administrators of the institution while monitoring the institution’s environment is a direct response through volunteer activities at the institution. The proposals presented are limited to the role of educational institutions and state welfare agencies.
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Cabaran kesejahteraan suri rumah berpendidikan tinggi
Item Type: Article
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Year: 00/12/2021
Abstract: Highly educated women have crossed the mainstream by choosing housewife as a preferred career over a professional career. This step was taken as a solution to the problems of the household, a solution to the weakness of the childcare center and a preparation of children’s ability to meet the demands of a challenging world. This difficult decision was made as a struggle and investment of time to develop human capital as a national development asset. This conceptual paper uses library review techniques to understand and identify the challenges faced by highly educated housewives in developing well-being in life. Suggestions for developing the well-being of housewives are also discussed.
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Empowering single mothers through institutional support: lessons from single mothers in Sabah
Item Type: Article
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Year: 00/12/2021
Abstract: Life can be challenging for single mothers. They are viewed as the most vulnerable social groups in society who often lack educational attainment, skills and social networks; thus, limiting their opportunities to compete in the labour market. Consequently, single mothers struggle to achieve financial independence and to support the well-being of their family. To help single mothers build a better life, it is crucial to provide single mothers with solid institutional support programmes. This paper explores the extent to which the institutional support programmes designed for single mothers are in accordance with the needs and expectation of the single mothers in Sabah. The views obtained from the leaders of the single mother associations show that the support programmes are useful for single mothers; however, the programmes are still inadequate to lift them out of poverty. Suggestions for improvement of the institutional support programmes for single mothers are highlighted.
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Spirituality in parenting
Item Type: Article
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Year: 01/10/2021
Abstract: The emergence of COVID-19 since last year has cause an unprecendented health crisis across the globe, affecting people physically, mentally, financially and socially. To alleviate the difficulties and stresses in dealing with the pandemic and ensuing lockdowns, multiple approaches have been taken by the governments, institutions and individuals. Spirituality plays a major role in helping some families cope during this extraordinary period. It can serve as an empowering foundation to any collective, the family unit being the most basic example. Indeed, spirituality is an integral component in parenting that should not be overlooked even during normal times.
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Correlates and consequences of delayed marriage in Malaysia
Item Type: Article
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Year: 01/10/2021
Abstract: This paper aims to examine the correlates of age at first marriage and the consequences of late marriage. Data for this paper were drawn from the 2014 Malaysian Population and Family Survey. Simple cross- tabulation and multiple classification analysis were used for the analysis. Age at marriage of women varied across socioeconomic groups.
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Ordinal regression for modelling the family well- being among the Malaysians
Item Type: Article
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Year: 30/06/2021
Abstract: Understanding factors which affect the level of family well-being is important as it contributes to effective decision making among the policymakers to improve the family lives as well as to strengthen the family institution. This study develops an ordinal regression model which identifies demographic, economic and social factors that are significant in explaining the status of family well-being.
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Comparison of rural and urban contraceptive methods preferences among married women in Malaysia, 2018
Item Type: Article
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Year: 30/05/2021
Abstract: Contraceptive use among women remains an important public health intervention. Imperatively, the equality of family planning access between rural and urban areas allows all women to have the same opportunities to receive family planning service towards better well-being of families.
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Comparison of rural and urban contraceptive methods preferences among married women in Malaysia, 2018
Item Type: Article
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Year: 30/05/2021
Abstract: Contraceptive use among women remains an important public health intervention. Imperatively, the equality of family planning access between rural and urban areas allows all women to have the same opportunities to receive family planning services towards better well-being of families. The study aims at comparing the family planning preferences among women aged 15 to 49 throughout Malaysia in 2018 according to the geographical locations of rural ad urban areas. This is important for resources planning and allocation to the National Population and Family Development Board (NPFDB) clinic based on the locations. The data were collected from 49 NPFDB clinics throughout Malaysia. A total of 3668 married women aged 15 to 49 years used the family planning services in the NPFDB clinic in 2018. In this study, descriptive,. Chi-Square, and logistic regression analyses were carried out to compare the patterns and preferences of contraceptive use. The results analysis shows that the implant is the most popular method among all other contraceptive methods provided by the NPFDB clinics. Specifically, in both rural and urban areas, the three most popular contraceptive methods among married women in Malaysia in 2018 are implant, pill, and condom. Findings of the analysis based on the Chi-Square test show that age group, educations levels, and different types of contraception method were identified to have a significant association with the locations of either rural or urban areas. In conclusions, this study found that women who used implants as a method of contraceptives were often younger, better educated, and lived in an urban area. Therefore, the family planning providers especially NPFDB clinics play a key role in providing information, educating couples, and promoting the use of different family planning methods so that better family well-being could be achieved.
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Contraceptive use: patterns and preferences among new acceptors in Malaysia, 1990 to 2018.
Item Type: Article
Editor:
Year: 05/04/2021
Abstract: Family planning is one of the important aspects in the Sustainable Development Goals (SDG’s) in Goal 3 on Health and Goal 5 on Gender Equality and Women’s Empowerment. Family planning is the basic need and women’s right to pregnancy, to get optimal health. The use of contraceptive enables women to attain their desired number of children and determine the gap of pregnancies towards the improvement of the families’ well-being of. The aim of this paper is to describe the patterns and preferences of contraceptive use among new acceptors attending a family planning clinic at National Population and Family Development Board (NPFDB) is sixteen states in Malaysia. The data analysis includes the new acceptors of contraception use among married women aged 15 to 49 years old, who attended a family planning clinic at NPFDB for the year 1990 to 2018. There are various types of contraceptive methods considered: contraceptive pills, Intrauterine Contraceptive Device (IUD), condom, hormone injection, implant, sterilization, rhythm and others. Results of the new acceptors at NPFDB clinic, with decreasing pattern from 1990 to 2018. While the use of implant, hormone injection and condom has increased steadily since 2004. The state of Perak has the highest number of new acceptors in most year, while the federal territory of Labuan has the lowest number of acceptors in most years within 29 years from 1990 to 2018. As a conclusion, this study has found that although the use of contraceptive pill is decreasing, it still becomes the most popular among a new acceptors in most of the states in Malaysia since 1990. However, the decreasing pattern of new acceptors for all types of contraceptive methods becomes our concern. Future research should therefore, concentrate on the investigation of the reduction number of new acceptors at NPFDB clinic. This is important to make sure the demands of contraceptive can be met and NPFDB clinics could provide better services towards better quality of life and better families’ well-being.
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Utilization of private sector family planning services in Malaysia
Item Type: Article
Editor:
Year: 00/12/2020
Abstract: The private sector is playing an increasingly important role in family planning services globally. The active participation of private providers is associated with a higher contraceptive prevalence rate. The objectives is to examine the differentials and determinants of the utilizatio of private providers for family planning services. This study used the 2014 Malaysian Population and Family Survey Data. Cross-tabulations and logistic regression were performed on 1.817 current users of modern methods. Overall, 26% of modern method users obtained their supplies from private clinics/pharmacies and 15.2% from other sources, such as drug stores and sundry shops. The odds of obtaining supply from the private clinics/pharmacies were higher among the Chinese and urban women (AOR>1), and it was lower among those whose husbands decided on family planning had higher odds of obtaining the supply from the other sources (AOR>1). Conclusions, the private sector complements and supplements the public sector in providing family planning services to the public.
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Subjective well-being of the Malaysian citizen: preliminary development of survey instrument
Item Type: Article
Editor:
Year: 00/03/2020
Abstract: A questionnaire is a well-known measurement instrument used by most of the researchers when conducting a survey. It is a powerful tool for collecting data in survey research. It should be noted that the quality of a measurement instrument used plays a key role in ensuring the quality of data gained in the survey. Therefore, it has become essential for the researchers to carefully design their questionnaire so that the quality of the data obtained can be preserved. Then, it is also vital for the researchers to assess the quality of the data obtained before it can be successfully used for further analysis. This article discussed an early process involved in development of the survey instrument for the purpose of assessing subjective well-being of the Malaysian citizen. These include operationalization of definition, identification of the important dimension and indicators of subjective well-being, rating scale and content validity of the items with the experts.
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Household income and life satisfaction of single mothers in Malaysia
Item Type: Article
Editor:
Year: 00/01/2020
Abstract: Single parenting is not an uncommon family setting in Malaysia. Past studies, however, tend to confirm that increasing number of single mothers is also related to increasing number of households living in poverty. Issues on single mothers in Malaysia has initiated many social groups, non-governmental organizations and government agencies to step in eradicating poverty among the single mothers especially those fall in the B40 income groups. Until today, the current information available on single mothers in Malaysia is still limited. This study attempts to explore the socio – demographic and economic background of single mothers in Malaysia and to examine their income category and level of poverty. This study utilizes the Fifth Malaysian Population Survey (MPFS5) data. MPFS5 is a nationally representative large-scale research conducted by the National Population and Family Development (NPFDB) in 2014. However, for this study, the target respondents are working single mothers (either widowed, divorced, separated); aged 15 – 59 years old; residing in Peninsular Malaysia and have children staying together with them. Findings from this study reveal that household income of single mothers falls under the B40 category but there is not enough evidence to claim that their household income is below the poverty line. Chi – Square test of associations prove relationships between poverty level to socio – demographic variables such as level of education and residential states, while PLS – SEM techniques show that income category of single mothers is somehow related to the predictors of life satisfaction construct and the overall life satisfaction. Suggestions for some policy recommendations to protect and promote single mothers within the informal sectors is also presented.
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Household income and life satisfaction of single mothers in Malaysia
Item Type: Article
Editor:
Year: 00/01/2020
Abstract: Single parenting is not uncommon family setting in Malaysia. Past studies, however, tend to confirm that increasing number of single mothers is also related to increasing number of households living in property. Issues on single mothers in Malaysia has initiated many social groups, non-governmental organizations and government agencies to step in eradicating poverty among the single mothers especially those fall in the B40 income groups. Until today, the current information available on single mothers in Malaysia and to examine their income category and level of poverty. This study utilizes the Fifth Malaysian Population Survey (MPFS5) data. MPFS5 is nationally representative large-scale research conducted by the National Population and Family Development (NPFDB) in 2014. However, for this study, the target respondents are working single mothers (either widowed, divorced, separated); aged 15-59 years old; residing in Peninsular Malaysia and have children staying together with them. Findings from this study reveal that household income of single mothers falls under the B40 category but there is not enough evidence to claim that their household income is below the poverty line. Chi-Square test of associations prove relationship between poverty level to socio – demographic variables such as level of education and residential states, while PLS-SEM techniques show that income category of single mothers is somehow related to the predictors of life satisfaction construct and the overall life satisfaction. Suggestions for some policy recommendations to protect and promote single mothers within the informal sectors is also presented.
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Women subjective well-being In Malaysia: findings from Fifth Malaysian Population and Family Survey (Mpfs-5)
Item Type: Article
Editor:
Year: 00/10/2019
Abstract: The subjective well-being is defined as one's cognitive and affective assessment of a person's life (Diener, Lucas & Oshi, 2002). This article aims to measure the subjective well-being of women between age 20 to 59 years old in Malaysia. For measurement purposes, this article has adopted the Personal Well-being Index (PWI) instrument developed by the International Wellbeing Group.
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Differentials in sexual and reproductive health knowledge among East Malaysian adolescents
Item Type: Article
Editor:
Year: 00/00/2019
Abstract: The aim of this study was to assess the knowledge of East Malaysian adolescents on sexual and reproductive health issues. Data were collected in March–July 2015 from 2858 adolescents aged 13–18 years from selected East Malaysian secondary schools using a self-administered questionnaire. Twelve items relating to sexual and reproductive health were used to measure respondents’ knowledge based on their responses ‘True’, ‘False’ or ‘Don’t know’, with the proportion of correct answers being the variable of interest. Cronbach’s alpha for the twelve items was 0.761 and the mean knowledge score was 6.8. While the majority of the respondents knew that a woman can get pregnant if she has sex with a man and that HIV and AIDS can be transmitted through sexual intercourse, knowledge about Malaysia’s abortion laws, that a woman can get pregnant if she has sex only once and that people with sexually transmitted infections may look healthy was poor. Older respondents and those from urban schools reported significantly higher knowledge than younger respondents and those from rural schools, respectively. More emphasis should be given in schools to the specific topics for which low levels of sexual and reproductive health knowledge were found, with greater attention being given to younger adolescents and those in rural areas.
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Teen pregnancy and sex education
Item Type: Article
Editor:
Year: 00/00/2019
Abstract: Teenage pregnancy refers to any pregnancy in women or girls aged 19 years or younger. In 2016, the Ministry of Health recorded more than 12,000 teenage pregnancies in Malaysia. The National Registration Department reported that 4,992 children were born out of wedlock to girls aged 18 years and below. Teenage pregnancy is associated with immediate as well as long-term health risks. It is also accompanied by a number of negative consequences that are detrimental to the well-being of young mothers – disruption of education, limitation of opportunities for self-development and employment, social stigma and increased exposure to violence and exploitation. This article examines some circumstances resulting in teenage pregnancy and explores ways to support teenagers who face difficulties resulting from unintended pregnancy.
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Development of Malaysian women fertility index
Item Type: Article
Editor:
Year: 00/11/2018
Abstract: A fertility rate is a measure of the average number of children a woman will have during her childbearing years. Malaysia is now facing a population crisis and the fertility rate continues to decline. This situation will have implications for the age structure of the population where percentages of senior citizens are higher than percentages of people aged below 5 years old. Malaysia is expected to reach aging population status by the year 2035. As the aging population has a very long average life expectancy, the government needs to spend a lot on medical costs for senior citizens and need to increase budgets for pensions. The government may be required to increase tax revenues to support the growing older population. The falling fertility rate requires proper control by relevant authorities, especially through planning and implementation of strategic and effective measures. Hence, this paper aims to develop a fertility index using correlation and Shannon's entropy method. The results show that Selangor, Johor, and Sarawak are among the states with the highest values of the fertility index. On the other end of the spectrum, Terengganu, W.P. Labuan, and Perlis are ranked in the last positions according to the fertility index. The information generated from the results in this study can be used as a primary source for the government to design appropriate policies to mitigate dwindling fertility rates among Malaysian women.
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Panduan keselamatan di dalam dan luar rumah
Item Type: Article
Editor:
Year: 00/11/2018
Abstract: These tips are taken from the “Pendidikan Keselamatan Keluarga dan Anak (PEKA)” module that was introduced by the National Population and Family Development Board (NPFDB) last year. It aims to provide knowledge and raise awareness about child safety issues as well as provide basic rescue skills including cybersecurity among parents, guardians and community.
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Ajar anak hargai ibu bapa
Item Type: Article
Editor:
Year: 00/07/2017
Abstract: Parents are the most important people in everyone's life. Their service to us is priceless. Ever since we were in the womb, the mother has carried us in her womb for 9 months and 10 days and it is the mother who gave birth to us. Not to be forgotten is also the role of the father who is the leader and takes care of us to the best of our ability. We can show love to our parents by respecting and obeying them. Our parents have instilled pure values in us and educated us since childhood to the best of our ability.
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The socioeconomic factors in constructing women fertility index: a Malaysian case study
Item Type: Article
Editor:
Year: 01/06/2017
Abstract: Women fertility is rated by the average number of children a woman will have during her childbearing years. Malaysia is now facing a population crisis and the fertility rate continues to decline. This situation will have implications for the age structure of the population. Malaysia is expected to reach aging population status by the year 2035. As the aging population has a very long average life expectancy, the government needs to spend a lot on medical costs for senior citizens and need to increase budgets for pensions. The government may be required to increase tax revenues to support the growing older population. The falling fertility rate requires proper control by relevant authorities, especially through planning and implementation of strategic and effective measures. Hence, this paper aims to develop a fertility index using correlation and Shannon's entropy method. There are two main results from this analysis which are the factor rank and fertility index for each state. The three most important factors that influence fertility in Malaysia based on correlation method listed the number of females living in urban areas, number of females employed, and family planning methods while Shannon's entropy method listed female tertiary education attainments, number of divorces, and family planning methods. Next, the fertility index show that Selangor, Johor, and Sarawak are among the states with the highest values. On the other end of the spectrum, Terengganu, W.P. Labuan, and Perlis are ranked in the last positions. As a summary, the weighted calculation based on the correlation and entropy give different results in terms of rank the factors influencing the fertility. However, the results of both methods show that Selangor has the highest fertility index. From this study, the government may design the appropriate policies to mitigate dwindling fertility rates among Malaysian women.
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Pedofilia: selamatkah anak-anak kita?
Item Type: Article
Editor:
Year: 00/05/2017
Abstract: Recently, we were shocked by a news that was very foreign to us. A British man has been convicted of molesting and sexually abusing children, including in Malaysia. The psychological disorder is called pedophilia, while the perpetrators of child sexual harassment are called pedophiles. A person who suffers from pedophilia, may also not be a pedophiles (for not committing any sexual behavior against children), but a pedophile turns out to be a person suffering from pedophilia.
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Stress buat lelaki jadi kurang subur?
Item Type: Article
Editor:
Year: 00/03/2017
Abstract: Fertility problems are now increasing from time to time around the world. According to the World Health Organization (WHO 2010), infertility can be rooted; 40% of male factors or and 40% of female factors and 20% are from unknown factors (idiopathy).
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Semarakkan cinta dengan bulan madu
Item Type: Article
Editor:
Year: 00/12/2016
Abstract: The option of having a second honeymoon at a late age of marriage may be something to consider. A second honeymoon is very important for every couple to improve the quality of family life. Couples can talk heart to heart a string of marital life journeys.
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Mainan mengikut usia anak
Item Type: Article
Editor:
Year: 00/11/2016
Abstract: The role of toys is only to help improve the development of the child and not to replace the importance of the role of parents in educating the child. For children, especially those who are still young (under the age of five), most of them still do not understand what is said to be dangerous because for them, all items can be used as toys. Among the tips that can be used to choose games that are safe, especially for babies and children are such as the weight of the toy purchased, not easily removable or broken, suitable for the child's age and others.
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Terapi minda: rangsang minda anak
Item Type: Article
Editor:
Year: 00/10/2016
Abstract: Mind therapy is one of the methods that can be used to plan and shape the child's mental intelligence. In general, mind therapy is the treatment of the mind in a rehabilitative manner without the use of medication or surgery. According to studies, the human mind is divided into two parts. The first part is located on the left side which is called the conscious mind while the right side is called the subconscious mind. The conscious mind functions to think of logical things such as reading, counting or in other words this mind functions throughout the time we are conscious. The subconscious mind's function is to receive whatever is heard, smelled and felt. It works non -stop whether we are asleep or awake.
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Memilih jantina bayi: bahagian 2
Item Type: Article
Editor:
Year: 00/08/2016
Abstract: From time immemorial, our ancestors practiced certain tips and diets to get the desired gender of the child. However, there is still no scientific explanation of the effectiveness and accuracy of the practice. Learn how to determine the sex of a baby from a scientific point of view.
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Fertiliti dan Konsepsi - Senario memilih jantina
Item Type: Article
Editor:
Year: 00/07/2016
Abstract: The tendency to choose the sex of a baby by a couple has occurred since time immemorial due to several factors including social, cultural, economic, belief, religious, and health factors. A study conducted by the United Nations Population Fund (UNPF) has outlined three main factors of child gender selection practices and gender imbalance for a society.
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10 saat pelukan keluarga
Item Type: Article
Editor:
Year: 00/07/2016
Abstract: “10 saat pelukan keluarga” is the best gift a child can give to their parents. This gift is more meaningful than money and diamond gold. When a person does a hug, it will stimulate the skin cells that are detected through touch and caress that will be channeled through the nerves to the brain. Next, the brain will release three hormones that act as "natural transmitters" that cause us to feel happier and less stressed. The three hormones are serotonin, dopamine and oxytocin.
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Panduan pemakanan bayi
Item Type: Article
Editor:
Year: 00/03/2016
Abstract: The nutrition of children is based on the same principles as nutrition for adults. Everyone no matter little or adult needs the same nutrients such as vitamins, minerals, fats, carbohydrates and proteins. However, infants and children need different amounts according to age. Infant nutrition is important to ensure that complete nutrients are given to infants for optimal mental and physical development.
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Memilih jantina bayi: bahagian 3
Item Type: Article
Editor:
Year: 00/00/2016
Abstract: The tendency to choose the sex of the baby by the couple on several factors has been discussed in the previous article (part 1 and part 2) while in this part 3 shares about other methods in science that are also said to be a factor to the determination of the sex of the baby. Among them are the "time" technique together (intercourse time), pre-implantation genetic diagnosis technique (PGD/PGS) to determine the quality of the embryo and the technique of 'prenatal sex identification' where through this technique, the sex of the baby in the womb is determined by taking blood samples from the mother and DNA tests were performed on the samples.
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Disconnect digitally, reconnect emotionally
Item Type: Article
Editor:
Year: 00/00/2016
Abstract: Without a doubt, digital is the future. However, we do need to know where to draw the line and prevent ourselves from overindulging in it. Failure to do so could lead to digital addiction. It is fairly common nowadays to see parents handing their smartphone or tablet to their child to keep them entertained.
However, this is where parents will need to exercise self discipline on their part to avoid the pitfalls. As parents, you should lead by example and serve as a role model for your child to emulate as he grows. As the saying goes “Too much of a good thing is a bad thing!”
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Preventing teenage pregnancies
Item Type: Article
Editor:
Year: 00/00/2016
Abstract: An average of 18,000 teenagers in Malaysia get pregnant each year, 25% or about 4,500 cases involved out-of-wedlock pregnancy. Th e Fifth Malaysian Population and Family Survey conducted by NPFDB revealed that 4.8% of all teens have had sex at least once. The survey also found that Malaysian teens had inadequate understanding of matters related to sexuality/ reproductive health and limited knowledge when it came to sexual relationships. Afraid, alone and ill-informed, teens who get pregnant out of wedlock often opt for the easiest way out like dumping the baby or subjecting themselves to unsafe abortion. Social rejection from families and the community also rob the girls from the support and assistance they desperately need.
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Tips beriadah bersama anak kecil
Item Type: Article
Editor:
Year: 00/12/2015
Abstract: Naturally little children have a wide variety. It can even dampen the atmosphere of a planned vacation. Some preparation tips can be practiced by parents before taking the child to go on vacation such as adequate and appropriate clothing, medicines, small bags, important documents, stroller and others.
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Lima teras keluarga bahagia
Item Type: Article
Editor:
Year: 16/11/2015
Abstract: Each of us has our own values to describe a happy family. Happiness in the family is very important and it is the goal of all of us to build family institutions. National Population and Family Development Board (NPFDB) has outlined five (5) Happy Family Thrusts based on the concept of KASIH, namely Love, Morality, Health, Knowledge and Harmony. Let there be different recipes and molds of pure values that are practiced in the family but the purpose is to create a happy family.
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Ikat anak: siksa atau keselamatan
Item Type: Article
Editor:
Year: 10/11/2015
Abstract: The average trend in Asia, especially in Malaysia, parents prefer to hold or support the baby on the grounds that it is easier to monitor, breastfeed and put them to sleep. Many parents seem to assume that sitting on their lap is enough to protect their baby from accidents and upset to see a toddler lying tied up in a car seat. Based on statistics, the use of child safety seats and travel systems is not taken seriously by most parents in Malaysia. According to a study conducted by MIROS, babies will be thrown forward at high speeds even if held by an adult during a vehicle collision even with only 30km per hour. Most will be killed as a direct result of the impact.
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Antara hak dan tanggungjawab membimbing anak bertanggungjawab
Item Type: Article
Editor:
Year: 00/10/2015
Abstract: Rights can be defined as belonging to each individual while responsibilities are something that must be exercised. Kids who like to take people’s stuff have impulsive traits. Impulsive means someone who has a strong urge to have something. When the desire peaked, he had to get it right away. Some tips are shared to parents when faced with this situation such as encouraging children to ask permission every time they want to borrow items that do not belong to them, explaining to children about the difference between borrowing and taking other people's items without permission and consistent and firm in correcting actions. misconduct of children.
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Bijak berbelanja, keluarga bahagia
Item Type: Article
Editor:
Year: 00/09/2015
Abstract: Building a family requires knowledge of proper financial management. Both before and after marriage, financial problems will always linger in our minds, especially when family members are increasing. Seven (7) quick guides on family financial management using SmartBelanja Module for mutual benefit i.e. intention to save, have fixed and additional income, distribution of income money immediately for certain payments, make savings, always discuss with family members to avoid wastage and always pray that sustenance is always a blessing.
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Aduh! Sakit kepalaku: membimbing anak bertanggungjawab
Item Type: Article
Editor:
Year: 00/08/2015
Abstract: Every child born into this world is a perfect and holy gift of God. Children are like white cloth and it is the parents who are responsible for shaping the life of their children. Every child born is in perfect condition and has great potential to be an excellent human being. Fatherhood and Motherhood The LPPKN Family@Work Module provides guidance to participants on the style of fatherhood, namely Authoritarian, Permissive, Neglect and Authoritative. The fact is, as a parent the goal is to raise children to be happy, healthy and successful.
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Yang mana satu pilihan: keluarga kecil atau besar
Item Type: Article
Editor:
Year: 10/07/2015
Abstract: In the current of modernization, many couples are planning to limit the number of their family members. Among the factors that push them to plan a family are getting married at a late age and the rising cost of living. The practice of family planning is very helpful in determining the birth distance between children and the size of the appropriate number of children for a family. This contraceptive practice can also prevent pregnancy in high-risk women, i.e. women with serious health problems or hereditary diseases.
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10 tips luangkan masa berkualiti bersama keluarga
Item Type: Article
Editor:
Year: 03/06/2015
Abstract: Quality time with family is when family members can spend time with mutual benefits. The time is filled with activities or interactions that can further strengthen the relationship between family members. This article shares about 10 tips to spend quality time with family such as, praying together, eating, tidying and cleaning the house together, studying children's lessons, shopping, doing leisure activities together, traveling, family reunions, doing hobbies together, and corner mini library.
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Toleh kiri dan toleh kanan
Item Type: Article
Editor:
Year: 00/06/2015
Abstract: The aspect of safety in the family needs to be educated and made a daily practice and needs to be educated with patience without despair. There are some simple tips to practice in family safety such as don’t stop praying, keep dangerous and important equipment in a special place, safe zone to explore and consensus brings blessings.
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Imbangi keluarga dan kerjaya
Item Type: Article
Editor:
Year: 00/05/2015
Abstract: Based on the Fourth Malaysian Population and Family Survey (MPFS-4), it was found that overall, mothers do more leisure activities with their children, especially children under seven years old. This study found that the percentage of parents who often spend special time with their children is higher among mothers (80.2%) than fathers (65.3%). However, the percentage of those who frequently took their children on outings was almost the same between mothers (52.2%) and fathers (52.4%).
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Apa wanita perlu tahu: subur@tidak subur?
Item Type: Article
Editor:
Year: 00/05/2015
Abstract: Fertility is the ability to conceive naturally. As a measure, fertility rate is the number of children born per individual, household or population. Fertility varies according to fertility, i.e. the potential to reproduce (which is influenced by gamete production, fertilization and the ability to conceive long enough). There are several types of ovulation disorders that are 35% of the cause of infertility in women, namely anovulation. Anovulation is a condition where no ovulation process occurs or the egg process is released from the ovaries, oligovulation is an irregular ovulation process that sometimes occurs, sometimes not and the anovulation cycle is a menstrual cycle in which no ovulation process occurs at the cycle.
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Selamatkah mainan anak anda?
Item Type: Article
Editor:
Year: 00/04/2015
Abstract: Children's toy can help the educational and developmental process of children at an early age. However, the selection of children's toys needs to be done wisely especially if it involves safety aspects. If parents do not carefully choose toys, it can invite danger to the safety of children. To ensure the safety of children and prevent accidents or unwanted incidents, some things that need to be considered include choosing toys according to the level of age suitability of children, toys not made of toxic materials, avoid toys that contain magnetic materials or batteries to little children and toys that have noise.
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Gaya hidup wanita dan faktor risiko kanser payudara: satu kajian literatur
Item Type: Article
Editor:
Year: 00/00/2015
Abstract: Breast cancer is currently the most common cancer in women worldwide. It is said that there is no proven method of preventing cancer. However, studies have shown that there are some women’s lifestyle factors that have been scientifically shown to increase the risk of breast cancer. A review of the literature from the epidemiological, medical, and psychosocial disciplines strives to analyse factors that tend to increase the risk of developing breast cancer. Published material reviewed concerning the connection between breast cancer risk and lifestyle factors such as diet and physical activity. This review shows that several women’s
lifestyle factors have been regularly considered as risk factors for developing breast cancer. They include women who have not had children or women who had their first child at an older age, short duration of brestfeeding or not breastfeed at all, diet and nutrition, and psychological stress.
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Household chores and your child
Item Type: Article
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Year: 00/00/2015
Abstract: Getting your child to help out with household chores on a regular basis can be beneficial for him to grow into a successful adult. This is due to a sense of self-worth and competency, and he will also be more responsible in other aspects of his life. Another benefit is that he will be more likely to have better self-esteem and it also makes him feel like a part of the family.Indirectly, this will teach him about the importance of family responsibility.
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Parent's role in preventing teen pregnancy
Item Type: Article
Editor:
Year: 00/00/2015
Abstract: The World Health Organisation (WHO) defines teenage pregnancy as a ‘teenaged or underaged girl (within the ages of 15–19) becoming pregnant.’ However, the term teenage pregnancy is often used in our society to mean unmarried adolescent girls who become pregnant. In many cultures and communities including Malaysia, this carries a social stigma.
Pregnant teenagers also face many additional obstetric, medical & social issues compared to women who give birth in their 20’s and 30’s.
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Sharing responsibilities
Item Type: Article
Editor:
Year: 00/00/2014
Abstract: Traditionally, women have assumed the role of the caregiver, while husbands sought to provide financial support for their families. Society has come a long way since and women are now leaders and working professionals in their own right.
Increasingly, the domain of marriage is becoming a partnership between husband and wife. Household responsibilities and domestic affairs are no longer a one-way street, but are managed together and shared.
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Defining child abuse and neglect
Item Type: Article
Editor:
Year: 00/00/2014
Abstract: Abuse and neglect are terms that are often used interchangeably. However, these terms represent two different types of abuse- abuse occurs when a person acts against a child (e.g. physical abuse) while neglect occurs when a person fails to act for a child (e.g. leaving a child at home without care.
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Outsourced parenting
Item Type: Article
Editor:
Year: 00/00/2014
Abstract: Housemaids have become an integral part of family life in Malaysia, some may say it’s a necessity – they provide much needed support to parents who often don’t have extended family around to assist with childcare or dual career parents who are often left with little choice and require help as well as support to carry out their family responsibilities.
It’s fair to say that commitment and devotion towards a successful career and rearing a child requires both sacrifice and no small amount of resolve and effort for either to work out in tandem. These and other factors prompt most parents to employ a housemaid, helper or caregiver to assist them in carrying out their roles and responsibilities. The notion being that maids would provide assistance to much needed help around the house and allow parents more freedom and time to spend with their children.
From things like potty training, to swimming and riding a bicycle, from learning not to bully other kids to learning from mistakes and forgiving other people for them. All these are lessons that can be outsourced to maids, helpers or even professionals. But just because it can, doesn’t mean that it should.
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Hassle free travel with your kids
Item Type: Article
Editor:
Year: 00/00/2014
Abstract: Pick a destination with something for everyone to enjoy. A tour may seem like an easy way to see everything, but take it easy and don’t pack your tour schedule with too many activities especially if you have babies and toddlers with you. The key is to remain flexible.
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Bringing up mentally challenged children
Item Type: Article
Editor:
Year: 00/00/2014
Abstract: Children who are mentally challenged are often referred to as being intellectually disabled. It is characterized by below-average intelligence or mental ability (i.e. learning, reasoning, problem solving, etc.) and a lack of adaptive behaviour required for day-to-day living (i.e. interpersonal skills, self-esteem, ability to follow rules/obey laws).
Numerous factors can facilitate its onset, but more noticeably; genetic predisposition (i.e. Down Syndrome), complications during pregnancy or childbirth (substance abuse), injury (i.e. near drowning), trauma (i.e. severe parental neglect) or an infection (i.e. meningitis).
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Ethnicity and support for parents in Malaysia
Item Type: Article
Editor:
Year: 00/12/2013
Abstract: This study analyzed support as reported by adult women to parents and parents-in-law in a multi-ethnic setting. It examined ethnic diversity and other influencing factors in the provision of support. Data utilized came from the Women sample of the 2004 Malaysian Population and Family Survey and was filtered to include the three largest ethnic groups in Malaysia- Malays, Chinesse and Indians.
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Socio-economic determinants of pap smear screening among married women in Peninsular Malaysia
Item Type: Article
Editor:
Year: 00/02/2013
Abstract: This study is to identify the influences of socio-economic factors towards the practice of Pap smear screening among ever married women. Bivariate correlations and logistic regression analysis was applied to the data set containing 3,283 ever married women age 15-49 years, interviewed during the Fourth Malaysian Population and Family Survey, 2004. It was found that only half the women had undergone Pap smear screening prior three years of survey, in which Chinese had the highest percentage of Pap smear screening. The logistic statistical analysis also had identified several variables has important determinant has of Pap smear screening for ever married women. Finding from this study suggest a significant relationship between the cervical cancer awareness and knowledge, age and ethnicity for those women who practice Pap smear screening.
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Factors influencing family life satisfaction among parents in Malaysia: the structural equation modeling approach (SEM))
Item Type: Article
Editor:
Year: 00/00/2013
Abstract: The study attempts to investigate the factors that influence family life satisfaction (FLS) among parents in Malaysia. The study modeled the variable of parental involvement, family functioning, family resilience and time with family as independent constructs. Data for the study was gathered from nationally representative survey of “Family Well-Being Index” study conducted by National Population and Family Development Board Malaysia. Response from 2808 sampled households which involved about 1484 (52.8%) fathers and 1324 (47.2%) mothers of having a child aged at least 13 years old were utilized for the purpose of the current study. A Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) was employed by using Analysis of Moment Structure (AMOS) software. The study found all the modeled independent constructs tested had a significant and direct influence on family life satisfaction among the respondents except for parental involvement construct. The findings of the study suggests that some improvement should be made for the parental involvement constructs which covers different aspects of family life satisfaction which will lead the measurement model be more heterogeneous.
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The prevalence of work-family conflict among mothers in Peninsular Malaysia
Item Type: Article
Editor:
Year: 00/11/2011
Abstract: Achieving work-family balance is dependent on managing the conflict between work and family roles. This study focuses on the prevalence of work-family conflict among mothers in Peninsular Malaysia. The objective of this study is to examine the relationship between perceived work-family conflict and socio-demographic and family characteristics of the mothers. Data were obtained from 801 currently working mothers (with at least having one child) who were between 15 and 49 years old in Peninsular Malaysia interviewed in the Fourth Malaysian Population and Family Survey (MPFS-4), 2004. The result of this study showed that ethnicity, age and employment are the main factors contributing to the prevalence of work-family conflict. However, there is no significant relationship between the prevalence of conflict and the studied family characteristics, namely, number of children, childcare arrangement and presence of children aged 7 to 24 years.
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Socioeconomic status of older Malaysians: a gender comparison
Item Type: Article
Editor:
Year: 00/01/2004
Abstract: The feminization of old age is a global phenomenon that brings with it unique and multiple challenges. Cumulative effects of past (and present) gender inequality only further compound the difficulties older women face in later life.The objective of this paper is to provide a comparison of the socioeconomic status between older men and women. A survey of the older population living in the community was conducted from 22nd October till 8th December 1999.The sample was derived from stratified district (rural and urban) of 4 states (Johor, Perak, Kedah, Kelantan) where 1726 older persons were successfully interviewed. Out of that sample, 843 are women. Results from the study showed that there is significant difference between older men and women in terms of monthly income(t=-3.567,p<0.01). The primary source of sustenance for older women actually comes from their adults sons (M=168.3, SD=207.8)and daughters (M=133.4,SD=190.3). The value of monetary assistance from sons increases when the female elderly have more children (r=0.123,p<0.01). There is also significant relationship between gender and other socioeconomic indicators such as employment, past occupation, education, marital status and home ownership. In conclusion, women face a greater risk in the future of a greying population as they form the major stakeholders. Being financially beholden to their adult children, older Malaysian women's dependency is an important issue that requires attention. Further investigation is needed to determine if the gender differences will translate or relate to other variables such as health and overall well being.
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The effects of economic hardship on parenting behavior of Rungus in Sabah
Item Type: Article
Editor:
Year: 00/01/2004
Abstract: Economic hardship has detrimental effect on parenting behavior. Parents with low and unstable incomes experience more emotional stress, more depressive symptoms and less involved in the children's lives (McLoyd,1990;Taylor et al, 1970). The main objective of this study is to investigate the relationship between economic hardship and parenting behavior of Rungus families in urban and rural areas in Sabah. The sample consists of 243 respondents, (115 husbands and 128 wives) with 111 respondents live in urban and 132 respondents live in rural areas. The instrument used for this study were the Economic Strain Questionnaire (ESQ) to measure economic hardship, and Parent,s report (PR) to measure parenting behavior. Analysis of data was done using t-test and Pearson correlation. The result of the study revealed that economic hardship was significantly correlated to parenting behavior. There are no relationship between financial hardship and parenting behavior. Implications of these findings and future research are discussed.
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Financial problems of university students and its relationship with academic performance
Item Type: Article
Editor:
Year: 00/01/2004
Abstract: This study that has been done in University Putra of Malaysia was to identify the relationship between financial problems and academic performance and to determine the difference in financial problems between male and female students. A total of 1,500 students who received educational loan were chosen through systematic sampling and given a self-administered questionnaire. The findings of the study revealed that financial problems were related to academic performance where the better the result, the less average number of financial problems were faced by the students. Meanwhile male students on the average have higher number of financial problems compared to female students.
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Financial beliefs and behaviour of college students: cultural differences
Item Type: Article
Editor:
Year: 00/01/2004
Abstract: This study compared the financial beliefs and behaviour of college students in two different cultures; Malaysia and United States. Using the social learning framework, the study assumed that children socialized in different culture will have different beliefs and behaviours. Two sets of data used were data from 665 college students Iowa State University (ISU)and convenience sampling of data from self administered questionnaires among 366 students of University Putra Malaysia (UPM). The result of the study revealed some similarity but many more differences. Cultural practices, economic and social environment influenced financial beliefs and behaviour of college students in both cultures. Service available and rules and regulations influence accessibility to services and choices available. ISU students was displaying favourable financial behaviour compared to UPM students. Students need to be aware and understand financial complexity to help them manage limited financial resources while studying as well as prepare them for work life.
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The detection of estrogen-dependent proteins in monkey oviductal fluid
Item Type: Article
Editor:
Year: 00/12/1990
Abstract: To detect hormone induced changes in oviductal fluid protein pattern, flushings obtained from ovariectomized untreated and estradiol or estradiol plus progesterone treated monkeys were analysed by sodium dodecyl sulphate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. Superimposed densitometric scans of coomassie blue and periodic acid Schiff's (PAS) stained electrophoretic patterns revealed that estradiol treatment results in the appearance of a new protein (130 K) with maximum carbohydrate content as compared to other proteins present in the luminal milieu. The concentration of 85 and 95 K proteins also increase significantly after estradiol treatment. However, progesterone supplementation in estradiol primed monkeys results in the disappearance of 85 and 95 K proteins and decreased the 130 K glycoprotein considerably. Thus while estrogen acts as an inducer,progesterone antagonizes its action in monkey fallopian tubes and inhibits the synthesis of proteins which may have a role in early reproductive events.
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A role for cholesterol synthesized de novo by human umbilical cord
Item Type: Article
Editor:
Year: 00/12/1990
Abstract: We have previously shown that the human umbilical cord in-vitro possess the ability to synthesize isocaproic acid and presumbly pregnenolone from cholesterol. Here, we examined the ability of the cord to synthesize cholesterol from acetate. Homogenates of umbilical cord (36-41 weeks gestation)obtained following spontaneous vaginal delivery from uncomplicated pregnancies (age 22-31 years) were incubated with [2-14C] acetate. Using the reverse-isotope dilution procedure, cholesterol was isolated and characterized as [14C] cholesterol acetate. Confirmation of identity of newly synthesized cholesterol was obtained after recrystallisation with added non-radioactive cholesterol acetate as standard. The rate of 14C incorporation is small but definite. The results indicate that the homogenates of human term umbilical cord contain the enzymes responsible for the conversion of [2-14C] acetate to [14C] cholesterol. It is suggested that cholesterol synthesized de novo can serve as a percursor for progesterone synthesis in-vivo.
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Coagulation profile in women on low-dose oral contraceptive pills
Item Type: Article
Editor:
Year: 00/12/1990
Abstract: A cross-sectional study looking at the coagulation system was carried out involving 175 women attending the National Population and Family Development Board's Clinic at the Maternity Clinic, General Hospital, Kuala Lumpur. Study subjects comprise of 50 combined low-dose estrogen/progesterone oral contraceptive (OC) pill users and 75 non-OC users, acting as controls. The subjects were on the pill for a period of one year or more. There were significant shortening of the prothrombin time (PT) and partial thromboplastin time (PTT) in the OC group as compared to the control group. However, the activities of factors II, V and VII assayed were not significantly different between the two groups, suggesting that the changes in the PT and PTT were not significant clinically. The effect of long term usage of combined low-dose OC pills does not seem to indicate changes in the coagulation profile of the women in our study.
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Comparative study on the acceptance and use of contraceptive methods in a rural population in Kelantan
Item Type: Article
Editor:
Year: 00/12/1990
Abstract: The generally poor health indices for Kelantan and the strong cultural beliefs with reference to contraception dictated the need for this study. 350 women from neighbouring estates were studied via questionaires. It was found that only 44.85% use some form of contraception and 18.4% of these resorted to traditional methods. There was some relationship between race and choice of contraception. Education did play a role in encouraging contraception. Despite the low acceptance of contraception, spacing of children did exist-probably due to breastfeeding that's widely practised.
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Effects of friends feminine wipes on sperm viability in-vitro
Item Type: Article
Editor:
Year: 00/12/1990
Abstract: Friend feminine wipes, disinfectant impregnanted fibre tissues meant for the maintenance of female hygiene, was evaluated for its effect on sperm viability in-vitro and found to be spermicidal. These feminine wipes are therefore not recommended for use at coitus in couples who are planning pregnancies. Although the wipes were found to have spermicidal properties they are not recommended for the purpose of contraception.
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Clinical evaluation of Buserelin, a GnRH analogue in the management of moderate to severe pelvic endometriosis
Item Type: Article
Editor:
Year: 00/12/1990
Abstract: A local study, a part of a multinasional and multicenter study on the efficacy and safety of Buserelin was carried out for the treatment of pelvic endometriosis using a standard protocol. 20 women diagnosed to have moderate to severe endometriosis by laparoscopy were recruited. The women were given 900 micrograms Buserelin acetate daily by intranasal spray for a fixed period of 6 months. Baseline hormonal and biochemical parameters were taken prior to treatment and the parameters were repeated during each follow-up at weekly and monthly intervals. In addition, changes in symptoms were monitored. A second look laparoscopy was performed at completion of therapy and patients were followed up for a further 6 months. There was 100 percent suppression of oestradiol levels during the 6 months treatment period. An improvement of implants according to AFS classification occured in all patients. One patient discontinued because of side effects. Restoration of cycles after completion of therapy occured within 7 weeks. There were 7 pregnancies (64%) in the first 6 months after treatment for those wanting pregnancies. During therapy, dysmenorrhoea, pelvic pain and dyspareunia improved considerably. Buserelin was proven to be effective in the management of pelvic endometriosis and is well tolerated and safe.
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K.A.P. Study of Family planning among married Orang Asli Women of Hulu Langat District, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia
Item Type: Article
Editor:
Year: 00/00/1990
Abstract: A study of knowledge, attitude and practice was carried out among sixty nine married Orang Asli women in the district of Kuala Langat. The study showed that only a small proportion of the women were using family planning methods. About half of the study women were still uncertain with regards to their attitude towards family planning. The findings also showed that there was no diversity of the methods with oral contraceptive being the major choice. Majority of the husbands had indeed positive feeling towards family planning. The women also considered breastfeeding as a major method of contraception.
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Hemorrheology and fibrinolytic response in women taking oral contraceptive pills
Item Type: Article
Editor:
Year: 00/12/1987
Abstract: A study was conducted on a total of 107 women attending the National Population and Family Development Board, Malaysia (NPFDB) Maternity Hospital, Kuala Lumpur. The subjects were divided into 3 groups. Group I and II consisted of woman on a low-dose combined estrogen and progestagen pills for a duration of 3-6 months and 1-2 year respectively. Group III was a control group consisting of women not on pills. A series of tests to evaluate hemorrheology and the fibrinolytic response were carried out. The results obtained showed no definite or significant difference in the two systems for all the three groups investigated. These findings are comparable to those reported by other investigators, implying relative safety of these pills in the local population.
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A five-year review of diagnostic laparoscopy and female sterilizations in 52 centers in Malaysia
Item Type: Article
Editor:
Year: 00/06/1987
Abstract: Doctors participating in the Laparoscopy Program of the National Population and Family Development Board, Malaysia return data on all cases of diagnostic laparoscopy and female sterilizations carried in their centres. Data on 2,179 cases of diagnostic laparoscopy and 4,740 cases of female sterilizations for the period 1981-1985 are analysed. States with the highest return rates are Kuala Lumpur Federal Territory, Negeri Sembilan, Johor and Perak. The Specialist Centre of the Board alone accounted for one-third of the cases. Data for female sterilizations are further analysed. Complication rates for laparoscopy and minilaparotomy techniques are low at between 0.5 to 2.5 per 100 procedures. All doctors providing such services should be encouraged to participate in this Program and submit data in order to improve and learn from this Program.
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In vitro maturation of immature human oocytes in culture medium containing follicular fluid
Item Type: Article
Editor:
Year: 00/06/1987
Abstract: In clinical IVF programs often immature oocytes are retrieved. Under such circumstances, numerous workers have advocated the procedure of pre-incubation in insemination medium for 12-36 hours, prior to insemination to induce maturation. We describe here the supplementation of follicular fluid in insemination medium to induce maturation of immature oocytes. The culture characteristics of the insemination medium containing follicular fluid appears to be better than the insemination medium without follicular fluid. Previous reports suggest the presence of a meiosis-inducing substance in follicular fluid which could trigger the resumption of meiosis and hence contribute to oocyte maturation. Other factors in follicular fluids which are yet to be elucidated, may also contribute to oocyte maturation. It is concluded that superior culture characteristics can be obtained if immature oocytes are preincubated for 16-36 hours in insemination medium containing 50% follicular fluid.
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Maternal reciprocal translocation t(1p;6p) in a couple with recurrent spontaneous abortion
Item Type: Article
Editor:
Year: 00/06/1987
Abstract: G-banded chromosome complements were analyzed from peripheral blood lymphocytes of a couple who had experinced for spontaneous abortions. The karyotype of the husband was designated as 46,XY, while the wife's karyotype was designated as 46,XX, t(1p;6p). Balanced reciprocal translocations appear to be associated with the recurrent spontaneous abortions experienced by the couple. We report here a case of a maternal (1p;6p) reciprocal translocation in a couple with repeated fetal loss.
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Paramedic insertion of intrauterine device in a Malaysian family planning clinic
Item Type: Article
Editor:
Year: 00/06/1987
Abstract: A retrospective study was carried out in a Malaysian urban family planning clinic to evaluate the effectiveness of the paramedic in intrauterine contraceptive device (IUD)insertion. Seventy-nine multiload Cu 250 insertions by trained senior nurse in 1983 were measured against 369 insertions by doctors. Follow-up was done by nurses. At the cut-off date on 31st October 1985, the case records were examined. It was found that there was no statistically significant difference in termination percentage due to IUD complications. The nurse's group had a significantly higher percentage of failure to follow-up and also removal for personal reasons. No significant difference between the 2 groups was shown for termination due to accidental pregnancy, bleeding and pain, expulsion and pelvic infections. Removal of IUD to plan for pregnancy is high in both groups. The results show that the trained paramedic can be just as effective as doctors for IUD insertion.
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Effect of centchroman on lipid metabolism in genital organs of female rhesus monkeys (macaca mulatta)
Item Type: Article
Editor:
Year: 00/06/1987
Abstract: Effect of Centchroman (3,4-trans-2, 2-dimenthyl-3-phenyl-4-p (B-pyrrolidinoethoxy)-phenyl-7-methoxy chroman)treatment at 1 and 2.5 mg/kg; for 3, 6 and 12 months on lipids constituents of uterus,cervix and vagina was studied. Centchroman did not cause any consistent pattern of alteration in lipid contents of uterus, cervix and vagina of female rhesus monkey. However, uterine phospholipids were decreased at both the doses and cervical and vaginal triglycerides increases at higher dose. The altered nature of responses in the genital organs may be due to manifestation of estrogenic-cum-antiestrogenic properties of centchroman.
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A prospective study of the acceptability of today vaginal contraceptive sponge among Malaysian women
Item Type: Article
Editor:
Year: 00/06/1987
Abstract: Fifty volunteers were selected in a two month prospective study to evaluate the acceptability of the Today vaginal sponge contraceptive among Malaysian women. One participant developed allergic reaction to the sponge and was taken off at an early stage of the study. Fourty- nine participants completed one month follow-up.Thirteen subjects discontinued for various reasons which are related and not related to the sponge. The remaining 36 participants completed the study. Few side effects were observed among the sponge users who completed the trial. One subject complained that the Loop of the sponge hurt her husband's penis. Most of the women who are on the sponges claimed that sexual intercourse is no longer messy. Four subjects claimed that the sponges pontentiated sexual feeling to their male partners. The sponge is generally accepted by the study group, which suggest that the general impression 'Asian Women abhor any form of vaginal contraception' is not totally correct. It is suggested that the contraceptive efficacy of the sponge be evaluated among our women in the future.
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Effect of norgestrel and testosterone on male rats
Item Type: Article
Editor:
Year: 00/06/1987
Abstract: Intramuscular administration of Norgestrel, an orally active progestogen, to male rats for 48 days interrupted spermatogenesis and also caused a temporary loss of libido. Testosterone therapy restored libido in progesterone treated rats but not the spermatogenic process. Consequent upon these findings, a new combination of Norgestrel and Testosterone, capable of inducing temporary sterility in male rats, has been evolved.
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Apparent benefit from corticosteroids in bronchopulmonary dysplasia: a case report
Item Type: Article
Editor:
Year: 00/00/1984
Abstract: A case of bronchopulmonary dysplasia complicating the ventilatory management of respiratory distress syndrome is described. The diagnosis was documented by typical clinical radiological and cytopathologic criteria. The infant's abrupt clinical deterioration was reversed by the use of high dosage steroids and attempt at reducing the dose of steroids initially was associated with clinical and radiological deterioration. We conclude that steroid administration seemed beneficial in our patient.
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Age of biological maturity of Malaysian girls by ethnicity
Item Type: Article
Editor:
Year: 00/01/1983
Abstract: This study tries to estimate the age of biological maturity of Malaysian girls by ethnicity by employing an indirect methodology. Age at biological maturity is estimated by considering retrospective fertility and family survey data on marriage, first birth, and contraceptive use. The waiting time for the biological mature females to conceive is 3.0 months; 3.2 months among the Malays, 2.7 months among the Chinese, and 2.8 months among the Indians.The maximum age of attaining biological maturity is 20 for all ethnic groups except Indians (19 years). The expected age biological maturity at birth is 15.6 years; 15.3 years for the Malays, 15.4 for the Chinese and 14.8 years for the Indians.The mean age of attaining biological maturity coincides with the expected age of attaining biological maturity at birth.
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Determinants of neonatal outcome in a Malaysian Maternity Hospital, 1980-1981
Item Type: Article
Editor:
Year: 00/01/1983
Abstract: The compilation and analysis of basic perinatal statistics in the Maternity Hospital, Kuala Lumpur is described. The study period covers the years 1980-1981. Determinants of neonatal mortality include very low birthweight (<1.5 kg), a gestational age of less than 32 weeks and clinical conditions of asphyxia, bacterial sepsis and respiratory distress syndrome. A proposal for a clinical classification of neonatal mortality is advanced and implications for a wider applicability of this approach is suggested to better evaluate perinatal performance in hospitals all over the country.
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The pattern of maternal mortality at Maternity Hospital Kuala Lumpur
Item Type: Article
Editor:
Year: 00/01/1983
Abstract: From 1978 to 1981, there were 70,000 deliveries at Maternity Hospital, Kuala Lumpur. 39 maternal mortalities were encountered during this four year period. The major causes of death were toxemia, hemorrhage, embolism, medical disease in pregnancy, sepsis, uterine inversion, obstetric trauma, Mendelson and pulmonary edema. Avoidable factors were isolated in all the mortalities except in three, one due to infective hepatitis and two due to cardiac disease in pregnancy. The patient was at fault in four mortalities. The need for documenting all maternal mortalities is a priority in this country to make analysis more meaningful.
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Office laparoscopic assessment of female fertility
Item Type: Article
Editor:
Year: 00/01/1983
Abstract: The preliminary report details our experience and also serves to evaluate the risk benefits of office laparoscopy for female fertility assessment in 183 subjects. The patients were admitted at about 8.00 in the morning and discharged at 3.00 to 4.00 in the afternoon after laparoscopy has been performed. Only 7.7 percent of the subjects required inhalational anesthetic gases along with a combination of intravenous sedation and local anesthetic infiltration. The pick-up rate for pelvic abnormality is fairly high, approximately 22.4 percent. Difficulties and complications encountered during laparoscopy were minimal and easily overcome.The benefits of laparoscopy overrules assessment and sterilization feature laparoscopy on an 'outpatient basis' as one of its main activities.
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Actinomyces-like organisms in the cervical smears of IUCD users
Item Type: Article
Editor:
Year: 00/01/1983
Abstract: Cervical smears of 128 intrauterine contraceptive device users were stained by Gram stain and screened for the presence of Actinomyces-like organisms. Actinomyces-like organisms were observed in 5.5 percent, pus cell in 20.1 percent and yeast cells in 10.2 percent of the smears examined. The average duration of insertion was 8 months. Smears of 103 controls were negative for Actinomyces-like organisms, pus cells were observed in 8.7 percent and yeasts in 4.8 percent.
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Problems of neonatal surgery in Malaysia
Item Type: Article
Editor:
Year: 00/01/1983
Abstract: From January 1970 to May 1981, there were 594 neonates admitted to the General Hospital, Kuala Lumpur for surgery. Three hundred and seventy-one cases bad major alimentary tract alimentary tract abnormalities 97.1 percent of which caused obstruction. High gut anomalies and diaphragmmatic hernia (Group A cases) were relatively uncommon and the overall post-operative mortality for this group was high (64.6 percent). Overall mortality declined from 75.0 percent in 1970 to 10.3 percent for the first six month of 1981. Death rate among the low birth weight infants and those with multiple anomalies however, remain high. Factors related to post-operative mortality are discussed. Foremost among them is the time of referral to the surgeon. Various problems of management in this hospital are also highlighted.
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Female sterilization using filshie clip in private practice
Item Type: Article
Editor:
Year: 00/01/1983
Abstract: The findings of a trial clip female sterilization program in private practice in Malaysia is presented. The Filshie clips were successfully applied in 382 subjects. Complications encountered were minimal. Only one subject presented with an intrauterine pregnancy following sterilization (0.3 percent). The success rate was very high in the region of 99.7 percent. This study also strengthens the view that private practitioners can play a very important role in the delivery of family planning advice and services to the masses in developing countries.
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Book (17)
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Prosiding Persidangan Kependudukan Kebangsaan 2023 (PERKKS 23): “Penduduk dan Keluarga Mampan, Membangun Malaysia MADANI”
Item Type: Book
Editor:
Year: 00/12/2023
Abstract: Collection of papers presented during the 2023 National Population Conference (PERKKS 23), 21-22 November 2023, Pulse Grande Hotel, Putrajaya.
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Prosiding Persidangan Kependudukan Kebangsaan 2022 (PERKKS 22): “Pemerkasaan Penduduk dan Keluarga, Teras Negara Maju”
Item Type: Book
Editor:
Year: 00/12/2022
Abstract: Collection of papers presented during the 2022 National Population Conference (PERKKS 22), 10-11 November 2022, Bangi Resort Hotel, Selangor.
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Buku Tip Kasih Keibubapaan Digital
Item Type: Book
Editor:
Year: 00/01/2022
Abstract: The DIGITAL PARENTING TIPS booklet are published with the aim of enhancing parents and guardians knowledge and skills in managing the increasing challenges of digital parenting, which are seen to exert more pressure on parenting duties in this digital era.
The collection of tips in this booklet complements the Digital Parenting KASIH Module developed by LPPKN, intended to strengthen family institutions in this country.
We hope that the tips provided will serve as references and guidance for parents and guardians in effectively managing their family’s digital life. Consequently, children can be guided to become ethical and responsible digital users.
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Pelan Strategik LPPKN 2021-2025
Item Type: Book
Editor:
Year: 00/01/2021
Abstract: NPFDB was established under the Population and Family Development Act 1966 as a leader in the field of family development, population and human reproductive in Malaysia and in 2021 is NPFDB’s 55th anniversary celebration. During more than five decades of its establishment, NPFDB has faced several changes in organizational structure, but this agency has remained steadfast in its mandate and responsibility in strengthening family institutions to produce quality Malaysians in the era of change and current challenges. Various high-impact studies, programs and services have been introduced and will be implemented from year to year with the aim of ensuring the well-being of Malaysians regardless of race, religion and socioeconomics. NPFDB’s flagship programs such as the Family and Community Empowerment Program (FACE), Mamacare and KafeTEEN have recognition from the public in dealing with social problems among target groups at the community level, thus elevating NPFDB as a family and population leader.
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2005-2019 NPFDB research activity report
Item Type: Book
Editor:
Year: 00/00/2019
Abstract: This report highlights the research programmes and activities conducted by NPFDB over the past 15 years. One of the primary functions of NPFDB is to identify, promote and conduct research and studies on population, family development and reproductive health. NPFDB is responsible to advise the government on matters relating to policies and programmes through the findings of research in these three thematic areas. The Board established the Research Committee in 2009 to identify priority research, provide guidance and monitor the research activities in NPFDB. The first Research Committee meeting was held on 13th January 2010 comprising of selected NPFDB Board Members including Associate Professor Tey Nai Peng as Chairman (University of Malaya), Associate Professor Normah Mohd Dali (MARA University of Technology), Datuk Dr. Zulkifli Haji Ismail (Selangor Medical Center), Associate Professor Siti Hawa Ali (University Science Malaysia), Dato’ Dr. Kamaruzaman Ali (FRHAM) and Mr. Lee Wee Min (Focus on the Family) and several division directors of NPFDB.
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Portrait of 1Malaysia Family First (1MFF)
Item Type: Book
Editor:
Year: 00/01/2015
Abstract: The 1MFF movement is a national agenda to increase commitment and invite all levels of society to return to giving priority to the family institution in all efforts, planning and actions. It is hoped that the 1Malaysia Family First (1MFF) element will create a lasting bond of love in family and community institutions. The initiatives introduced under the 1MFF Movement are implemented based on the 3 thrusts outlined in the National Family Policy, namely to increase the commitment and social responsibility of all parties in implementing family -friendly policies and programs; review and ensure existing laws, policies and regulations prioritize the family perspective; and provide family services and facilities that are easily accessible and accessible to families.
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Family education@LPPKN = Pendidikan kekeluargaan@LPPKN
Item Type: Book
Editor:
Year: 00/00/2013
Abstract: The National Population and Family Board (NPFDB), agency under the Ministry of Women Family and Community Development which was initially known as the National Family Planning Board (NFPB) was established in 1966 as a statutory body. Its main objective was to implement the National Family Planning Programme but its scope has now been expanded to Population, Family Development and Reproductive Health which is in line with 1984 Amendments Act. The Malaysian family today is facing numerous challenges due to rapid socio-economic development and globalization. New challenges have emerged in the social and economic arena, which have had an impact on Malaysian families. Among the challenges experienced by the family institution are changing family structure and dynamics, balancing family and career, fulfilling economic needs parenting of young children and adolecents as well as weakening marital and family relationships. Parallel with the Government's emphasis on strengthening the family institution, the NPFDB has developed and implemented a wide range of family development programmes encompassing advocacy activities and promotion, training and education, services, research and development (R&D) as well as policy formulation. In December 2010, the Government approved the National Family Policy and its Plan of Action, thus mainstreaming the family perspective in all socio-economic planning and development.
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Second Population Strategic Plan Study : Executive Summary
Item Type: Book
Editor:
Year: 00/09/2012
Abstract: The Second Population Strategic Plan Study was conducted from July 2008 – December 2009 by the Ministry of Women, Family and Community Development through the National Population and Family Development Board. This study is a follow-up to the 1st Population Strategic Plan Study conducted in 1992. The objectives of the Second Population Strategic Plan Study are to assess and evaluate the implementation of the national population programme in the context of current policies; and to recommend a strategic plan of action framework for the implementation of future population and development programmes.
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Profil penduduk Lembah Pantai
Item Type: Book
Editor:
Year: 00/00/2008
Abstract: A book that contains information on the residents and development of the residents of Lembah Pantai which is very suitable as a basis for program planning for the well -being of the people in this area. The Coastal Valley constituency is one of 222 Parliamentary constituencies. This division is located under the Federal Territory of Kuala Lumpur and has 14 areas within it. The areas consist of Bangsar Baru, Bukit Kerinchi, Jalan Maarof, Jalan Pantai Baru, Jalan Travers, Jalan Tun Sambanthan, Jalan Bukit Bangsar, Jalan Abdullah Hukum, Kg Sentosa, kg. Bohol, Pantai Dalam, Petaling Jaya, Taman Lucky and University of Malaya. The area of the Coastal Valley is 21.4 square kilometers.
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Malaysian Journal of Family Studies ( Volume 1, Number 1, January 2004)
Item Type: Book
Editor:
Year: 00/01/2004
Abstract: The publication of the Malaysian Journal of Family Studies (MJFS)
by the National Population and Family Development Board marks
another milestone for the Ministry of Women, Family and
Community Development in our quest towards intellectual
excellence. As we strive to be o knowledge-based society,
information derived from scientific studies enables us to understand
better the social milieu in which we live. Thus it is hoped that this
journal could serve as a useful reference for all those interested
and concerned with family issues.
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Malaysian Journal of Reproductive Health (Volume 1, Number 1, January 1983)
Item Type: Book
Editor:
Year: 00/01/1983
Abstract: An official publication of Reproductive Research Centre, National Family Planning Board, Malaysia, in collaboration with the Malaysian Association of maternal and Neonatal Health.
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Book Section (68)
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Faktor kritikal mendepani isu dan cabaran tenaga kerja menua
Item Type: Book Section
Editor:
Year: 00/12/2023
Abstract: An aging workforce is one of the few phenomena faced by countries experiencing an aging population. This is also the case in Malaysia which has been categorized as an aging country by the World Bank since 2020. The aging workforce poses a number of issues and challenges to policy makers, employers and employees, especially those who are going through the aging process themselves.
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Perceived social support, mental health and quality of life among recipients of old age financial assistence
Item Type: Book Section
Editor:
Year: 00/12/2023
Abstract: The present study examines multidimensional perceived social support, mental health and quality of life (QOL) in older adults aged 60 years and older who receive the financial assistance provided by the Department of Social Welfare. A cross-sectional study approach was conducted among 487 older adults living in Selangor, Malaysia, who are the recipients of old age financial assistance known as Bantuan Warga Emas (BWE).
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Kesan peralihan demografi terhadap kebajikan sosial dan pasaran buruh: perbincangan kumpulan fokus
Item Type: Book Section
Editor:
Year: 00/12/2023
Abstract: Demographic transition refers to changes in the population structure of a country, mainly related to factors such as birth rate, mortality rate and life expectancy of the population. This study aims to identify the effects of demographic transition on social welfare and labour market conducted in Shah Alam, Selangor among heads of household.
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The Evolution of a Progressively Graying Staff: A Bibliometric Analysis
Item Type: Book Section
Editor:
Year: 00/12/2023
Abstract: The development of research on demographic and related aspects of the ageing workforce is crucial to resolve the labour shortage issue and the increase in retirement age.
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The linkage of government assistance programs towards digital and financial well-being of small household income families in urban area during covid-19 pandemic
Item Type: Book Section
Editor:
Year: 00/12/2023
Abstract: The Covid-19 pandemic and the Movement Control Order (MCO) have had a negative impact on the financial well-being and digital well-being of B40 or small household income families in urban areas. In responding to the crisis, the government had launched multiple assistance programs to assist the group. Hence, the study intends to examine the relationship of government assistance towards digital and financial well-being of the group.
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Emosi dan kesihatan mental ibu bapa di fasa endemik covid-19: hasil penemuan kajian tinjauan pendapat umum LPPKN di Negeri Terengganu
Item Type: Book Section
Editor:
Year: 00/12/2023
Abstract: Post Covid-19 had an impact on family institutions mainly in terms of preparation of family members especially parents in facing life post-pandemic Covid-19. This study aimed to identify the emotional and mental health levels of parents in the endemic phase of Covid-19 in Terengganu.
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Women in Malaysian Animation Films: Characters and Roles
Item Type: Book Section
Editor:
Year: 00/12/2023
Abstract: The area of animation is currently seeing significant growth and development in Southeast Asia, with particular emphasis on the nation of Malaysia. At this point, Malaysia has demonstrated a notable proficiency in the creation of animated films of superior quality and substantial scope. Animations have emerged as a significant component in the advancement of display media during the Fourth Industrial Revolution (IR 4.0). These animations serve as a medium that indirectly facilitates the process of teaching and learning.
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Understanding the relationship between digital parenting styles and children’s digital resilience in Malaysia
Item Type: Book Section
Editor:
Year: 00/12/2023
Abstract: The significant increase in online and screen time adds to the issues of children's online safety which has always posed a significant risk to parents, even before the pandemic. The opportunity given by parents to access digital gadgets has transformed how children perceive, react, and adapt to world change, especially in the era of IR4.0. Despite a huge number of studies conducted on digital media among young generations, only a few focused on digital parenting and digital resilience topics, especially in the aftermath of the COVID-19 pandemic.
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Analisis literatur menangani isu keganasan rumah tangga demi membangun Malaysia Madani
Item Type: Book Section
Editor:
Year: 00/12/2023
Abstract: Domestic violence is one of the branches of the discussion of family counseling issues among counselors in Malaysia. Domestic violence is a social problem that has adverse effects on women and children from physical, psychological and social aspects. This study was conducted to detail the findings of a semi-structured interview with an Information Officer of the Nur Sejahtera Clinic of the National Population and Family Development Board (NPFDB) and an Assistant Officer of the Jabatan Kebajikan Masyarakat Malaysia (JKMM) as well as a literature review related to definitions, propositions / Nas Al-Quran, factors , elements of legislation, intervention, Islamic approach, and measures to overcome the issue of domestic violence.
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Kemiskinan haid: analisis pengetahuan, sikap dan amalan pengurusan menstruasi di Malaysia
Item Type: Book Section
Editor:
Year: 00/12/2023
Abstract: Sexual and reproductive health (SRH) is very important in the social and economic development of a country, especially Malaysia. It refers to physical and emotional well-being, also including the ability to be free from unplanned pregnancy, unsafe abortion, domestic violence, sexually transmitted diseases, AIDS/HIV and good and perfect menstrual management. The issues of period poverty has gained attention in Malaysia although it is not a new social phenomenon. The issue of poverty exacerbated by the Covid-19 pandemic has become a cancer in the discussion of period poverty.
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Hubungkait antara cara gaya keibubapaan dan jenis trauma kanak-kanak dalam kalangan pelajar universiti di Malaysia
Item Type: Book Section
Editor:
Year: 00/12/2023
Abstract: According to the Social Welfare Department, children in need of care and protection according to Section 17[1][a] were injured and there were found a total of 2,074 cases recorded in 2020 and increased to 2,239 cases in 2021. Most cases occur in family institutions where children are under the care of a parent or guardian. Through this study, in addition to identifying the pattern of parenting styles in Malaysia and the status of childhood trauma level from the perspective of adolescent perception, the correlation between the two aspects was also studied.
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Faktor yang mempengaruhi amalan selamat pengurusan kebersihan haid dalam kalangan pelajar perempuan di Malaysia
Item Type: Book Section
Editor:
Year: 00/12/2023
Abstract: Menstruation is a normal physiological process of females at their reproductive age and it requires the best regular hygiene management. However, unsafe menstrual hygienic practice can lead to problems related to reproductive health, poor educational performance and poor quality of life. This study aims to examine the level of safe practices and identify the factors that influence safe practices in the management of menstrual hygiene.
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The relationships between personal values, travel motivation, and subjective well-being of Malaysian adults
Item Type: Book Section
Editor:
Year: 00/12/2023
Abstract: The outbreak of coronavirus at the end of 2019 had affected many aspects of life such as economy, education, tourism, health and others. The pandemic forces everyone to obey the self-quarantine and social-distancing orders which adversely affect their social well-being. Past
research have showed that limited physical movement during the ‘lock-down’ period has been reported to reduce individual’s well-being. Based on this scenario, a study had been conducted to identify the relationship between importance of personal values, travel motivation, personality, and subjective well-being among Malaysian adults.
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Using games to stimulate and motivate Esl students in Malaysia
Item Type: Book Section
Editor:
Year: 00/12/2023
Abstract: Vocabulary is a vital part of English second language education. Unfortunately, the teaching and learning process is challenging for students as regular classroom activities have become tedious and boring, which does not motivate them to learn. Not only that, but this also discourages them from practising outside of the classroom. To help encourage students to become more motivated in learning and improving their English vocabulary, teachers need to consider more creative activities to be used in the classroom.
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Unleashing teen pregnancy in Malaysia and the revolving health care issues
Item Type: Book Section
Editor:
Year: 00/12/2023
Abstract: Increasing teen pregnancy cases are becoming a serious public health concern in both developing and developed nations for past decades. Teenage pregnancy occurs among adolescent girls between 10 and 19 years old. A recent study reveals that 14 out of every 1,000 female teenagers in Malaysia become pregnant every year. Such prevalence suggests there is still a lack of general understanding of reproductive health matters among the teenagers. The issue of teen pregnancy requires considerable attention to prevent more social and health problems such as more unintended pregnancies, baby dumping and extensive spread of sexually transmitted diseases within society.
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Usability of ‘Rancanglah’ for health education in family planning: the perspective from healthcare personnel
Item Type: Book Section
Editor:
Year: 00/12/2023
Abstract: Advancement of digital technology brings great potential to complement current method in promoting family planning. Traditionally, health education on family planning is routinely delivered through face-to-face counseling during postnatal follow up at 6 weeks post-delivery. The innovation of RancangLah, a mobile-based application aims to educate women to choose the best family planning method for them apart from having awareness on their pregnancy risk.
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Melaporkan kualiti tinjauan sistematik amalan bersesuaian pendidikan untuk kanak-kanak bawah dua tahun: Pematuhan mengikut garis panduan Prisma
Item Type: Book Section
Editor:
Year: 00/12/2023
Abstract: The aim of this study was to assess the quality of the reporting of the systematic review of educationally appropriate practices for children under two years of age using the guidelines of the Item Pelaporan Pilihan for Systematic Review and Meta-analysis (PRISMA). Results of searches from Scopus, Web of Science (WoS), and Taylor & Francis online have obtained 42 journal articles of empirical report data that describe the education of children under two tears of age starting in 2019-2023
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Employability skill model development for people with disability (PWD): A Mixed-Methods Approach
Item Type: Book Section
Editor:
Year: 00/12/2023
Abstract: A disability of a human being does not define their identity and capabilities, the skillset does. Employability skills are one of the skills which are highly valued by employers and essential for effective workforce performance. The National Health and Morbidity Survey (NHMS) 2019 report stated that 11.1% of Malaysians above 18 years old who have disabilities in Malaysia are ready for working in industry. However, employers frequently disregard PWD chances due to 'red tape' and challenges in hiring PWDs to work in their company.
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Factors affecting financial wellbeing among informal sector workers in Malaysia
Item Type: Book Section
Editor:
Year: 00/12/2023
Abstract: Challenges in the employment sector have become a global concern since the country was hit by the COVID-19 epidemic which caused a financial crisis, threatened the survival and wellbeing of the people and resulted in many individuals moving from the formal employment sector to the informal employment sector. The large size of the informal sector can hinder national development due to lower overall productivity, less tax revenue to the government, and lack of access to social safety nets and can lead to poverty, income inequality, and economic vulnerability.
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Kepentingan pendidikan keusahawanan bagi mengurangi jurang kemiskinan dalam mencapai matlamat pembangunan mampan negara: kerangka konseptual
Item Type: Book Section
Editor:
Year: 00/12/2023
Abstract: The study was conducted on the importance of entrepreneurship education in reducing the poverty gap between urban and rural population. This study aims to study the effectiveness of entrepreneurship education in changing the living standards of a family. Sustainable development requires an education that is effective in lifting students out of poverty. Poverty is a global problem not only faced by the country of Malaysia but the whole world is facing the same problem.
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Descriptive analysis : family planning method in Klinik Nur Sejahtera (National Population and Family Development Board Malaysia) in the year 2018 – 2022
Item Type: Book Section
Editor:
Year: 00/12/2023
Abstract: Family planning (FP) is a component of sexual and reproductive health (SRH) and refers to the human right of individuals to regulate the number and spacing of birth. In Malaysia, contraceptive prevalence rate (CPR) during the past three decades has remained stagnant, with only 34-35% of women practicing modern contraception, this number relatively low compared to global rate and neighboring countries (Najimudeen, 2014).
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Review on big data analytics in population research: methods and application
Item Type: Book Section
Editor:
Year: 00/12/2023
Abstract: This exploration delves into the transformative influence of big data analytics on population research, encompassing methodologies, tools, applications, challenges, and their chronological distribution. It scrutinizes the digital era's impact on the field and the emergence of novel data sources and techniques. Key research papers contributing to this discourse are also highlighted.
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What adolescents have to say about mental health? Recognizing their views on the impact of home-based learning and teaching (PDPR) and technology usage during the covid-19 pandemic
Item Type: Book Section
Editor:
Year: 00/12/2023
Abstract: The aim of the study is to explore adolescents/students mental health during pandemic COVID-19. Qualitative approach was used to obtain data from respondents. Specifically, semi-structured interviews were conducted among adolescents/students who aged between 13 – 19 years old. A total of 47 students were selected from secondary schools in Kedah, Malaysia to participate in the study. The results showed that educational and technology were among the factors revealed by students as to influence their mental health during pandemic.
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Prevalens dan faktor yang mempengaruhi penggunaan perancang keluarga dalam kalangan wanita umur reproduktif di Malaysia
Item Type: Book Section
Editor:
Year: 13/12/2023
Abstract: Family planning enables women to control pregnancy, plan family size, determine the timing of pregnancies, and space out births. Given that family planning practices reduce unwanted pregnancies and high-risk pregnancies, universal access to family planning has become a key indicator in the Sustainable Development Goals (SDG) 2023 Agenda.
Despite positive evidence on family planning practices, the contraceptive use rate in Malaysia has remained around 50 percent since 1984. The aim of this study is to measure knowledge, prevalence, and factors influencing contraceptive use among ever-married women of reproductive age (15-49 years) across Malaysia.
This study employs a quantitative approach through a cross-sectional survey. A two-stage stratified sampling technique was used in sample selection. Data collection from 2,081 respondents was conducted using an online questionnaire and face-to-face interviews. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and the Chi-Square test via SPSS version 26.
Nearly half (48.1%) of respondents had low levels of knowledge about family planning. The prevalence of family planning practice was 64.7 percent. Modern methods, such as condoms, and traditional methods, such as withdrawal (azal), were the most commonly used contraceptive methods among women.
The prevalence of family planning was higher among Malays, women aged 30-34, those residing in rural areas, individuals with lower education levels, employed women, the M40 income group, those with 3-4 children, and those with high knowledge of contraceptives.
Family planning use showed no significant relationship with age, employment status, or household income. However, it was significantly associated with ethnicity, place of residence, education level, number of children, and level of knowledge.
Although the prevalence of family planning in this study was high, the level of knowledge among women about family planning remained low. Therefore, efforts to enhance women's knowledge of family planning should be strengthened to ensure they receive accurate information. This will enable them to make informed decisions about contraceptive use, ultimately contributing to the government's efforts to achieve the 2030 Agenda
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Peranan, tahap kesejahteraan, cabaran dan persediaan golongan wanita dalam menghadapi situasi pandemik covid-19 di Malaysia
Item Type: Book Section
Editor:
Year: 00/06/2023
Abstract: Towards post COVID-19, most of the daily routines of Malaysian women's life have changed. The change in routine includes the management of household affairs, work routine to work from home (work from home) and socializing routine. As a result, society, especially women, is seen as increasingly depressed due to the loss of sources of income, limited involvement in outdoor activities and problems in balancing work and family time. Aware of this situation, the National Population and Family Development Board Malaysia (NPFDB) has taken the initiative to conduct a series of public opinion surveys throughout 2020 and 2021. This study aims to explore the role, level of well-being, challenges and preparations of women in facing the pandemic situation COVID-19 in Malaysia. This study is an online survey study. The findings of this study are a reflection of the current situation of society and family institutions in Malaysia in facing several new waves during the COVID-19 pandemic. The findings of the survey show that women are more affected than men, but the level of well-being of women in Malaysia is seen to be still at a satisfactory level. In addition, the results of the study also found that women stated that they are faced with various issues and challenges especially for those who are married. Issues of family management, children's education at home and more flexible working hours should be highlighted for consideration by the Government. It is hoped that various initiatives and development plans related to women can be planned in addition to strengthening existing policies towards achieving the aspiration of "Building a CIVIL Malaysia". In general, the chapters in this book contribute to knowledge related to the current situation of women in facing the new normal life. While in particular, the chapters in this book contribute to knowledge related to the role, well-being, challenges and preparation of Malaysian women in facing the situation of the COVID-19 pandemic.
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Stress dan tahap kesejahteraan sosial pasca pandemik covid19: Satu tinjauan
Item Type: Book Section
Editor:
Year: 01/12/2022
Abstract: Since the start of the Coronavirus Disease 19 (COVID-19) pandemic in late 2019, the highest daily deaths recorded in Malaysia were 408 and until the end of the pandemic period, on 30 March 2022, the cumulative death toll was over 35,800 deaths. Throughout the pandemic phase, every Malaysian individual of all ages, races and economic social backgrounds received the impact of the phased implementation of the Phased Movement Control Order policy implemented by the government. This paper aims to identify the factors that influence the level of stress of parents during the post COVID-19 pandemic in Malaysia.
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Intergenerational support and labour participation among older people in Malaysia
Item Type: Book Section
Editor:
Year: 00/12/2022
Abstract: Most older people receive significant assistance from their adult children. Some rely solely on their retirement savings, while others continue to work to support themselves in old age. This study examines the role that adult children play in shaping their parents’ decisions to participate in the labour market. When compared to older people who never received any help from their adult children, the results showed that older people who received assistance more often were less likely to work. This suggests that older individuals’ reduced incentive to work in the labour market is a result of their greater reliance on family support.
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Reka bentuk aplikasi saringan mental sihat remaja
Item Type: Book Section
Editor:
Year: 10/11/2022
Abstract: Mental health is one of the most important aspects that must be met by every individual to achieve optimal health in addition to physical and social well-being. An increase in mental health-related problems can be seen every year and puts pressure on the daily life of patients among teenagers who are more susceptible to mental disorder factors due to the influence of the environment and current lifestyle, coupled with the situation of movement control orders (MCO) throughout Malaysia. However, many individuals do not undergo screening due to feeling of shame and are unware of their problems.
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Bandar pintar inklusif warga emas: Bagaimana ketersediaan kita?
Item Type: Book Section
Editor:
Year: 01/07/2022
Abstract: The Third National Physical Plan projects that about 77% of Malaysia’s population will live in cities in 2020 and is expected to increase to 82% by 2030 and 87% by 2050. The elderly in Malaysia (those aged 60 and above) will increase from a total of 2,875 in 2015, to 5,196 million in 2030 and 9,593 in 2050. Malaysia as a developing country will experience an ageing population in the near future.
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Socio demographics determinants of contraceptive use among women in Malaysia: logistic regression model
Item Type: Book Section
Editor:
Year: 00/06/2022
Abstract: Family planning could be defined as the ability of individuals and couples to anticipate and achieve their births. There are many types of contraceptive methods that can be used in family planning that could divided into two categories; namely modern and non-modern contraceptives methods. The choice whether to use modern or non-modern methods is said to be related to the socio demographic determinants of contraceptive use among ever married women aged 15-49 in Malaysia. Data used in this study was obtained from a national survey called Fifth Malaysia Population and Family Survey (MPFS-5) which was conducted by the National Population and Family Development Board in 2014. Multi-stage stratified random sampling method was used across all states in Malaysia. A total of 2736 ever married women who use contraception aged 15-49 years old were subjected to a face-to-face interview. The information was obtained on socio demographic characteristics and family planning practise. Data was analysed by using descriptive analysis, Chi-Square analysis and binary logistic regression. Findings of the analysis revealed that amongst five socio-demographic characteristics under study which are stratum, ethnicity, education level, age and income, only three socio-demographic characteristics known as stratum, ethnicity and education level present a significant association to the modern and non-modern contraceptive use among ever married women in Malaysia. In conclusion, the stratum or the location which either from urban or rural areas, the ethnicity which either Malay, other Bumiputera, Chinese or Indian, and the education level which either no education, primary school, secondary school or tertiary school, are the determinants of modern and non-modern contraceptive use among ever married women aged 15-49 in Malaysia
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The impact of ageing, population growth and fertility rate on economic growth: new evidence using dynamic heterogeneous panel
Item Type: Book Section
Editor:
Year: 00/00/2022
Abstract: Over the last century, a declining fertility and mortality rate have led to an ageing population. This trend was primarily found in Europe and North America prior to the past two decades, but it has since become widespread. Due to altered reproduction patterns and rising life expectancy, the ageing population will probably increase.
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The socio-demographic factors affecting labour participation of older people in Malaysia: evidence from the fifth Malaysian population and family survey 2014 (MPFS-5)
Item Type: Book Section
Editor:
Year: 00/00/2022
Abstract: This study analyses the relationship between sociodemographic characteristics and labour participation among 4,059 older Malaysians (age 60+) using data from the Fifth Malaysian Population and Family Survey 2014 (MPFS-5). A binary logistic regression was used to identify the significant predictors of older Malaysians participating in the labour market after controlling for key demographic, health and socio-economic, geographical and intergenerational support variables.
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Penurunan kadar kesuburan penduduk di Malaysia: Implikasi dan intervensi
Item Type: Book Section
Editor:
Year: 00/00/2022
Abstract: The fertility rate of the national population has decreased from 6.8 children in 1957 to 4.9 children in 1970. This rate continued to decline to 3.9 in 1980, 3.3 in 1990, 2.7 in 2000, 2.2 in 2010 and then 1.7 in 2020. The United Nations projects that the fertility rate of the country’s population will remain at a level between 1.7 and 1.8 until 2100.
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Preliminary investigation of cognitive abilities among B40 single mothers
Item Type: Book Section
Editor:
Year: 00/00/2022
Abstract: There have been a lot of socioeconomic research regarding the B40 income group in Malaysia but hardly any conducted among single mothers within the B40 population. Research that emphasizes on B40 group whereby RM4,850.00 is the maximum household income which represents 40 percent of Malaysians is intensely required in order to acquire the most appropriate strategies and policies that can improve their socioeconomic conditions.
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Long-term care insurance (LTCI) for the ageing society in Malaysia
Item Type: Book Section
Editor:
Year: 00/00/2022
Abstract: The increase in life expectancy and declining fertility rates have contributed to the rising tide of the ageing population in Malaysia. Undeniably, an ageing population poses the need for policy changes to address the economic and social risks caused. Against this backdrop, it is therefore crucial for Malaysia to give serious attention in developing a policy related to long-term care financing.
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A process model for stakeholder engagement and management for the Rebung cancer early cancer diagnosis pilot project for an underserved urban population in Selangor, Malaysia
Item Type: Book Section
Editor:
Year: 00/00/2022
Abstract: A cancer control plan in Malaysia has been published since 2008, however, the stage at diagnosis for most cancers in Malaysia remains advanced, despite multiple efforts from many sectors. Situational awareness is critical in implementing projects, especially in the B40 in the community; REBUNG (Reducing Barriers in Cancer Early Diagnosis in Urban B40 Group) is a multi-sectoral complex intervention that studies a community and the processes to access early cancer diagnosis. Thus, this study aims to map out the stakeholders in implementing a cancer control program in a single-site urban poor pilot community in Taman Medan, Petaling Jaya.
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Mothers’ views and their expected roles on parent-adolescent communication on sexual and reproductive health
Item Type: Book Section
Editor:
Year: 00/00/2022
Abstract: As parents generally have more contact than other adults with their children, they are the most suitable people in imparting correct knowledge about sexual and reproductive health (SRH) to their adolescents. However, apart from getting information from parents, adolescents also learn from other parties such as the internet, teachers, or peers. Thus, this study aimed to explore mothers’ views on parent-adolescent communication on SRH and their expected roles in communicating about SRH.
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Validation of “Rancanglah’: a mobile-based application that creates awareness towards better utilisation of family planning (FP)
Item Type: Book Section
Editor:
Year: 00/00/2022
Abstract: Sustainable Development Goal 3 (SDG 3) aims at ensuring healthy lives and promoting wellbeing for all ages. Focusing on target 3.7 with the goal towards granting universal access to sexual and reproductive care, family planning and education, it shows how important family planning is, towards improving population wellbeing. In Malaysia, health education on family planning is routinely delivered through face-to-face counseling at 6 weeks postpartum.
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The association between knowledge on sexual and reproductive health and attitude towards pornography among youth in the technical and vocational training (TVET) centres in Malaysia
Item Type: Book Section
Editor:
Year: 00/00/2022
Abstract: With technology advancement and increase accessibilities to gadgets, pornography exposure has been seen rampant among youth. Multiple studies have proven the negative effects of pornography exposure especially pertaining to risky sexual behaviours. This study aims to determine differences of SRH knowledge and pornography attitudes among youth subsequently investigate association between level of SRH knowledge and pornography attitudes among youth in TVET Centres in Malaysia.
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Keperluan kaunseling penduduk muda: kajian di Kuala Terengganu
Item Type: Book Section
Editor:
Year: 00/00/2022
Abstract: The counseling needs of the 21st century are more challenging. There are various issues among the young population that drive the need for new counseling that is very different from the previous era. This clearly shows that the need for counseling also moves along with the era of the modernization of society. As the need for youth counseling evolves, this article will discuss the counseling needs of the young population.
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Daya tahan keluarga muda di Malaysia: penemuan kajian indeks kesejahteraan keluarga Malaysia 2019
Item Type: Book Section
Editor:
Year: 00/00/2022
Abstract: Every year, the number of divorce cases in the country is increasing, especially among young couples. Lack of understanding, narrowness of life and interference from outside parties are among the main factors in the occurance of household rifts at this time. In the face of challenges and crises related to family institutions, the element of family resilience needs to be strengthened.
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Characteristics of digital resilience of children post covid-19 in the Malaysian context
Item Type: Book Section
Editor:
Year: 00/00/2022
Abstract: Over the past two decades, there has been a sharp increase in digital media usage among Malaysian children. The significant increase of online and screen time adds on to the issues of children online safety which has always posed a significant risk to parents, even before the pandemic. The opportunity given by parents to access gadgets and games has transformed the way children perceive, react, and adapt to the world change especially in the era of IR4.0. Thus, this study intends to examine the characteristics of digital resilience of children in the Malaysian context.
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Grandparenting in Malaysia: evidence from household surveys
Item Type: Book Section
Editor:
Year: 00/00/2022
Abstract: The lack of childcare facility and support has resulted in fertility decline and low female labour force participation rate in Malaysia, as some women forgo childbearing to focus on career development, while others stop working to look after their children. Grandparents can play a crucial role in childcare, to allow women to combine their maternal role with work. This paper analyses grandparents’ roles in childcare by socio-demographic characteristics.
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Policy response to the changing marriage institution in Malaysia
Item Type: Book Section
Editor:
Year: 00/00/2022
Abstract: In Malaysia, educational improvement, urbanization, modern sector employment, women empowerment, and migration have brought about dramatic changes in marriage institutions, with the surging of age at marriage, singlehood, and divorce. Between 1970 and 2010, the singulate mean age at marriage among men and women increased from 25.5 years and 22.0 years to 28.0 years and 25.7 years.
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Kadar kesuburan mengikut umur: suatu perbandingan perbezaan ufuk ramalan
Item Type: Book Section
Editor:
Year: 00/00/2022
Abstract: Population ageing is facing by most countries today. This issues is influenced by factors such as increased life expectancy, migration and decreased fertility rates. The optimal fertility rate is 2.1 which means the average birth rate for a woman is able to replace herself and her partner. However, Malaysia has recorded a worrying situation since 2013 when the total fertility in the country was below 2.1, which is below the global fertility rate. A low fertility rate will increase the old-age dependency ratio and in turn affect the country’s economic growth. This study aims to analyze the pattern and forecast of fertility rates in Malaysia for the years 2001 to 2016 by using Lee-Carter model.
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Examining the wellbeing of families during the acute phase of covid-19
Item Type: Book Section
Editor:
Year: 00/00/2022
Abstract: The COVID-19 pandemic and the subsequent movement restriction order (MCO) imposed an acute threat to the well-being of families caused by the threats linked to the social disruption including financial insecurity, caregiving burden, and confinement-related stress (e.g., crowding, changes to the arrangement, and routine). Also, many people have needed help even if they were not infected. This paper investigates the wellbeing of families in Malaysia during the pandemic.
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Redefining quality interpersonal communication in marriage from divorcees’ perspectives
Item Type: Book Section
Editor:
Year: 00/00/2022
Abstract: Quality interpersonal communication is essential in the development and maintenance of any relationship, including marriage. As society adapts to new avenues of communication, married couples often underestimate the relevance of interpersonal communication in their relationship due to their lack of understanding of quality interpersonal communication. Therefore, this study investigated the conceptualisation of quality interpersonal communication through the lens of Relational Dialectic Theory in marriage from the perspectives of divorcees.
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Relationship between family functioning, resilience and psychological well-being among B40 youths in the Klang Valley district
Item Type: Book Section
Editor:
Year: 00/00/2022
Abstract: Global economic uncertainties in the COVID-19 era have had an adverse impact on many households across nations, including Malaysian households. In particular, the B40 households have seen an upsurge in the cost of living, which puts a strain on their purchasing power. The Malaysian government has implemented various initiatives to alleviate the financial burdens of the B40 groups, such as Bantuan Prihatin Malaysia. Yet, the psychological wellbeing of the B40 group’s families are not under care.
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Malaysian youths at risk: a review of mental health and maladaptive behaviors
Item Type: Book Section
Editor:
Year: 00/00/2022
Abstract: The contemporary world with its constant changes and challenges often poses great risks to the mental health of young people who are at the age of learning about themselves and the world they live in. Similarly, recent developments have indicated that Malaysian youths today are greatly affected by mental health issues and are easily driven by maladaptive behaviors.
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Tahap kesejahteraan penduduk warga tua: kajian kes warga tua Bandar Baru Sungai Buloh
Item Type: Book Section
Editor:
Year: 00/00/2022
Abstract: By 2030, Malaysia is projected by the United Nations to reach the ageing country status with 15 percent of the country’s population aged 60 and above. This aging phenomenon is seen to cause a great impact and challenge to the development of the country. Approriate planning is needed to deal with this phenomenon and ensure the well-being of the elderly. This study was conducted to identify the elements of the well-being of the elderly and their level of well-being by making Bandar Baru Sungai Buloh as the study area.
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Wanita dan menopos: satu kajian literatur
Item Type: Book Section
Editor:
Year: 00/00/2022
Abstract: The Malaysian Ministry of Health has defined menopause as a situation of menstrual loss that will occur among women aged 45 to 55 years. However, it is undeniable that menopause can also occur before a woman turns 40 due to health factors. Past studies on postmenopause have focused on physical health aspects such as effects on hormones, sleep and medical support given to postmenopausal women.
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Pengukuhan capaian vaksinasi HPV melalui perkhidmatan di Klinik Nur Sejahtera LPPKN: Suatu gambaran umum
Item Type: Book Section
Editor:
Year: 01/12/2021
Abstract: In Malaysia, Cervical Cancer remains among the top three most common cancers among women aged 15 to 44 years. Although the Malaysian Ministry of Health (MOH) has developed the Human Papillomavirus (HPV) Vaccination Program since 2007, the level of vaccination reach involving target groups in the country is still at a moderate level and not yet comprehensive. In support of efforts to ensure women’s reproductive health and well-being, the National Population and Family Development Board (NPFDB), an agency under the Ministry of Women, Family and Community Development has implemented an HPV vaccination program through Klinik Nur Sejahtera (KNS) nationwide.
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Pencetus utama konflik perkahwinan sepanjang fasa pertama perkahwinan dalam kalangan pasangan muda: Kajian kes semasa Perintah Kawalan Pergerakan (PKP)
Item Type: Book Section
Editor:
Year: 01/12/2021
Abstract: The first phase of marriage is often associated with a crisis phase, an adjustment phase and a stress phase. The success of the young couple through this phase will ensure the stability of the marriage and the survival of the family institution. Divorce is a major threat to young couples in the first phase of marriage. This study aims to identify the triggers of marital conflict during the first phase of marriage (1-10 years) among young couples in the State of Selangor.
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Determining important factors in Malaysian family well-being using tree-based classification techniques
Item Type: Book Section
Editor:
Year: 00/05/2021
Abstract: Tree-based classification techniques were used to identify the crucial factors influencing the Malaysian family well-being. Data from the nationwide survey, conducted by the National Population and Family Development Board (NPFDB) of Malaysia in 2011 were used for the analysis. Two types of tree-based classification techniques, which are the decision tree and bagging decision tree, were considered for this study.
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Peranan, tahap kesejahteraan, cabaran dan persediaan ibu bapa dalam menghadapi situasi pandemik covid-19 di Malaysia
Item Type: Book Section
Editor:
Year: 00/00/2021
Abstract: This paper describes the current situation in family institutions in particular related to the role, level of well-being, challenges and preparation of mothers and fathers in facing the COVID-19 pandemic that has spread in the country since early 2020. The subtopics in this paper are based on 10 public opinion polls conducted by the National Population and Family Development Board (NPFDB) throughout 2020 and 2021. The survey, which involved nearly 13,000 respondents, focused on Malaysian mothers and fathers, who have children aged 3 to 24 years only. There are seven subtopics in this paper, namely (i) Introduction; (ii) Literature Review; (iii) New Norma Family; (iv) The Role of Parents in the Family; (v) Level of Parental Well -Being in Family Institutions; (vi) Challenges and Parental Preparation Related to the Use of Digital Technology; and (vii) Recommendations and Conclusions. The findings show that despite facing various issues and challenges such as health and safety of family members, education of children and family financial/economic management, majority of mothers and the father was found to still remain in a state of well -being good. Mothers and fathers as the main pillars of the family are seen continues to play an important role for adapting family members to a normative lifestyle new. However, some detailed assessments and assistance support needs to be reconsidered by the Government to help mothers and fathers especially in the home-based teaching and learning (PdPR), i.e. current methods and future learning for children. Based on the sharing of subtopics in this paper, it is hoped that various activities and programs can be planned as well as the formulation of new policies that are equally beneficial towards achieving the aspirations of the Malaysian Family. Generally, this paper contributes to the relevant knowledge about Malaysian Family well -being education in the face of new norm life. While in particular, this paper work contributes to role -related knowledge, well -being, challenges and preparation of parents in the situation of COVID-19.
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Kajian masa depan mengenai matlamat kependudukan 70 juta dan hubungannya dengan pembangunan umat digital di Malaysia
Item Type: Book Section
Editor:
Year: 00/00/2021
Abstract: This paper highlights the discussion of future studies on the population goal of 70 million people and its relationship with the development of the digital community in Malaysia. The total population of Malaysia is still small which is 32.75 million in the first quarter of 2021 with an area of 334,000 square kilometers. The rationale for achieving the population goal of 70 million is to provide a base of demand and market for the products of local industries in addition to receiving many greater benefits and preparing Muslims towards mastering technology.
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Keluarga dan cabaran norma baharu
Item Type: Book Section
Editor:
Year: 00/00/2021
Abstract: This paper describes the current situation in family institutions during the pre-pandemic period of Covid-19 by also showing the pattern of family well-being in the country through the Malaysian Family Well-being Index (FWI), a special measurement that has been introduced by the National Population and Family Development Board (NPFDB) since 2011. Although there was an increase in scores in the third series of FWI in 2019, the situation in family institutions seemed to change with the start of the outbreak of the Covid-19 in the country at the beginning of 2020.
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The impact of aging and fertility rate on economic growth in Malaysia: new evidence using ARDL model
Item Type: Book Section
Editor:
Year: 00/00/2021
Abstract: Population aging and the health status of the community are the primary agenda in the achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals 2030 (SDG, 2030). However, current trends in the world have shown a rapid increase in the aging population rate, whereas the birth rate has shown a downward trend. Malaysia is no exception in this regard, which is expected to become an old country status by 2030 when the population aged 60 years and above reaches 15% of the total population.
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A multimodal analysis of Malaysian contraceptive promotional materials
Item Type: Book Section
Editor:
Year: 00/00/2021
Abstract: Communicating about contraception is still a taboo subject for many Malaysians. This study focuses on the use of multimodal communication in providing information and promoting contraception to the Malaysian public. Employing Kress and Van Leeuwen’s visual grammar framework and linguistic genre analysis, the study unpacks the social-cultural practices represented in printed and digital promotional materials disseminated by Malaysia’s three main responsible agencies. These resources were published by the National Population and Family Development Board (NPFDB), the Ministry of Health (MOH) and the Federation of Reproductive Health Association of Malaysia (FRHAM).
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Trends and variations in contraceptive use in Malaysia
Item Type: Book Section
Editor:
Year: 00/00/2021
Abstract: The contraceptive prevalence rate (CPR-the proportion of married women in the reproductive age group using any family planning method) in Malaysia CPR had stagnated since the mid-1980s when the government shifted its programme thrust from family planning to family development.
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Fatherhood program and children’s development: Does it mature?
Item Type: Book Section
Editor:
Year: 00/00/2021
Abstract: The prevalence of social problems and criminal cases among teenagers in Malaysia is at an alarming level. Often, such problems are associated with the fragility of the family institution underpinned by the role of the father. In Malaysia, fatherhood-related programs are still limited and minimal compared to the United States where most initiatives to support fathers have been implemented through father-specific programs designed to improve fathers' economic self-sufficiency, parenting knowledge and skills.
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Peraturan perkahwinan transnasional: Kajian kes dan penelitian semula berasaskan konvensyen penghapusan semua bentuk diskriminasi terhadap wanita (CEDAW)
Item Type: Book Section
Editor:
Year: 00/00/2021
Abstract: This paper discusses the issue of transnational marriage from the context of determining the nationality of a child resulting from the marriage of a Malaysian women to a foreign citizen’s spouse based on the Convention on the Elimination of Discrimination against Women (CEDAW).
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Fertility preferences in Malaysia
Item Type: Book Section
Editor:
Year: 30/11/2018
Abstract: Most countries have been experiencing changes in fertility pattern over the last few decades. Fertility transition from high to low is a relatively recent phenomenon in Malaysia. The total fertility rate (TFR) had declined from 4.9 children per woman in 1970 to 4.0 in 1980. It has continued to fall and has reached the replacement level of 2.1 in 2010. This chapter provides the trend analysis and a comparative analysis of fertility trends to explain the fertility transition of Malaysia’s population. Data used in this study were obtained from Department of Statistics, Malaysia and Fifth Malaysian Population and Family Survey, 2014. The result of this study showed that the fertility rate between age groups was higher among Malay than other ethnics since 1991–2010. Across all ages, the fertility rate has a negative correlation with the educational level where women with tertiary education tend to have fewer children compared to less educated women. This study also presents the fertility desire in Malaysia. There is a negative correlation between age group and fertility desire. In addition, the desire to stop childbearing is found to be stronger when women have had three living children. The findings of this study will help policy makers to plan programmes to improve the fertility rate in Malaysia.
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Reproductive and social health education
Item Type: Book Section
Editor:
Year: 01/01/2017
Abstract: On 6th December 2009, the Cabinet approved the PEKERTI Policy & Action Plan proposed by Ministry of Women, Family and Community Development (MWFCD), which aims to guide young people from getting involved in social problems.
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Mama Care
Item Type: Book Section
Editor:
Year: 01/01/2017
Abstract: One aspect of women's reproductive health care which is increasingly in demand is postnatal care services. In order to improve the welfare of women in low-income households and to recognise the skills traditionally passed down from generation to generation, Mama Care Postnatal Care Programme was established in 2012 under the 7th National Blue Ocean Strategy (NBOS), 1Malaysia Women's Initiative and Self Empowerment (1MWISE). It is targeted single mothers, elderly and women from low-income household.
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Malaysian Family Wellbeing Index
Item Type: Book Section
Editor:
Year: 00/00/2017
Abstract: Family institutions need to be strengthened to balance the rapid process of social and economic development of the country. This is important because the family is the basic social unit that prepares the supplies the human capital for the national development. Given the importance of family wellbeing for the future of the nation, scientific studies ought to be conducted to measure the wellbeing of families in this country.
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Malaysia's initiatives for sustainable family development
Item Type: Book Section
Editor:
Year: 01/01/2014
Abstract: Various initiatives to strengthen the family institution have been undertaken by the Government of Malaysia through the Ministry of Women, Family and Community
Development (MWFCD). Through its agency, the National Population and Family Development Board (NPFDB), the MWFCD has formulated, developed and implemented policies and programmes such as the National Family Policy,
1Malaysia Family First (1MF1st) and 1Malaysia Youth Empowerment and Support (1MYes) programmes, One-Stop Family Centres, and family education programmes such as the Strengthening of Marriage Institution (SmartStart remarriage programme), Parenting@Work, Smart Belanja@Lppkn (family financial management programme), KASIH Parenting Modules and counselling services.
To ensure sustainable family development, the National Family Policy (NFP) and its accompanying plan of action was launched in March 2011 and implemented by the NPFDB in partnership with other ministries, departments and related non-government organizations (NGOs). The aim of this explicit policy is to develop prosperous, healthy and resilient families to ensure social stability. The NFP is
a key policy that focuses on aspects of family well-being and development, providing direction for the development of family-friendly programmes and services for nurturing healthy and resilient families in line with the aspirations
of Vision 2020.
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Work-life balance among mothers in Peninsular Malaysia
Item Type: Book Section
Editor:
Year: 01/01/2011
Abstract: Achieving work-family balance is dependent on managing the conflict between work and family roles. This study focuses on the prevalence of work-family conflict among mothers in Peninsular Malaysia. The objective of this study is to examine the relationship between perceived work-family conflict and socio-demographic and family characteristics of the mothers.
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Conference or Workshop Item (170)
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Pembinaan manual terapi psikospiritual Islam bagi kesejahteraan warga emas berusia lanjut dan intervensi serta TOT kepada penjaga
Item Type: Conference or Workshop Item
Editor:
Year: 00/11/2024
Abstract: It is projected that by 2050, the elderly population will be significantly larger than the number of children under the age of five, reaching two billion within the next 50 years. This growth wave also affects Malaysia, where the elderly population increased to 9.9% in 2020. Some elderly individuals experience spiritual distress due to the awareness that their lifespan is limited. The application of religious elements is considered the most effective method to address life's challenges, as it helps individuals achieve mental well-being. As a result, the research has developed a manual, namely the Islamic Psychospiritual Therapy Manual for the Well-being of Elderly Individuals, along with interventions and a Training of Trainers (TOT) program for caregivers.
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Impak pandemik covid-19 terhadap kesejahteraan kewangan dan digital keluarga B40 di kawasan bandar
Item Type: Conference or Workshop Item
Editor:
Year: 00/11/2024
Abstract: The pandemic and Movement Control Order (MCO) put significant pressure on low-income (B40) families in urban areas. Urban B40 families are exposed to the economic and digital impacts of the pandemic. The objective of the study is to examine the relationship between government assistance and the financial well-being of urban B40 families, as well as to assess the relationship between government assistance and the digital well-being of urban B40 families. The pandemic and MCO have had a profound effect on urban B40 families. Immediate action is needed to ensure their financial and digital well-being.
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Pengetahuan, sikap dan amalan berkenaan kesihatan reproduktif dan seksual dalam kalangan wanita berkahwin
Item Type: Conference or Workshop Item
Editor:
Year: 00/11/2024
Abstract: The study aims to explore the factors that create a gap between knowledge and practice regarding reproductive health for women in Malaysia. Additionally, it measures the level of knowledge about reproductive and sexual health among women, examines attitudes towards reproductive and sexual health, investigates practices regarding reproductive and sexual health, and identifies factors influencing the level of knowledge, attitudes, and practices related to reproductive and sexual health among women. The findings suggest that the low level of knowledge about family planning indicates that some women have misunderstandings about the functions of family planning methods. Women with moderate and high levels of knowledge are more likely to practice family planning. Advocacy and educational programs on family planning should be enhanced to ensure that women have accurate information and are able to make informed decisions regarding the use of family planning methods.
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Mempertingkatkan komunikasi ibu bapa- remaja untuk menghalang tingkah laku seksual berisiko di kalangan remaja Malaysia
Item Type: Conference or Workshop Item
Editor:
Year: 00/11/2024
Abstract: Parental communication with teenagers regarding reproductive and sexual health (SRH) remains minimal in Malaysia, with the topic being considered taboo and sensitive, rarely discussed openly within families. Teenagers are exposed to high-risk sexual activities, with 10-15% having engaged in sexual activity. This study aims to develop a communication module specifically for guiding parents in discussing reproductive and sexual health with their teenage children. Additionally, it seeks to analyze the perspectives of both parents and teenagers regarding RS communication and design the "BICARA Kasih" Module for parents. The conclusion of this study is that the module can be used by parents when addressing sexual issues with their children, especially teenagers aged 10 and above, and this module has the potential to be made available in digital format.
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The psychological distress, coping patterns and social support during the Covid-19 pandemic among Malaysian older adults
Item Type: Conference or Workshop Item
Editor:
Year: 00/11/2024
Abstract: Novel coronavirus SARS-COV 2 , when during Covid-19 pandemic older adults are of particular concern because of risk factor, high prevalence of NCD, need for regular healthcare, long term medication. About 4 millions (11%) are aged 60 years and above. The research objectives are to describe the psychological status of the Malaysian older adults during Covid-19, to explore how the Covid-19 impact mental wellbeing of older adults and to explore older adult’s coping strategies in managing psychological distress during the Covid-19 pandemic. The conclusion, preparation for future pandemics, crisis and disasters – focusing on mental health older adults during emergencies and targeted interventions such as use of IT can be adopted- lessen distress, anxiety and boost resilience.
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Analisis persepsi, pengetahuan dan perilaku (3P) remaja Malaysia mengenai kesihatan reproduktif dan seksual di media sosial menggunakan pendekatan data raya
Item Type: Conference or Workshop Item
Editor:
Year: 00/11/2024
Abstract: Discussions on reproductive and sexual health among Malaysians, particularly teenagers, remain considered a taboo. However, knowledge in this field is essential to prevent misunderstandings and promote moral values. Social media, with its collaborative and interactive nature, has become the primary platform for discussions related to this topic. This study finds that there are many keywords related to reproductive and sexual health on social media. However, the lack of a specific lexicon for the local context complicates the understanding of discussions and sentiments shared. As an effort to better understand this issue, a sentiment lexicon has been developed, supported by the LPPKN Analytic initiative (https://lppknanalitik.com/). This platform uses sentiment analysis technology, machine learning, and interactive dashboards to analyze social media data. Posts and comments on social media containing key terms are processed, cleaned, and categorized into three main aspects: Perception, Knowledge, and Behavior. This approach provides a deeper insight into how teenagers communicate about reproductive and sexual health, effectively leveraging the potential of social media data.
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Pembangunan aplikasi perancang keluarga dan tahap kebolehgunaannya dalam kalangan petugas kesihatan dan masyarakat awam
Item Type: Conference or Workshop Item
Editor:
Year: 00/11/2024
Abstract: The use of family planning is still low among Malaysians. There is a need to raise awareness about family planning, especially among the 'high-risk group in pregnancy.' This group requires specific interventions and approaches, such as awareness of pregnancy risks, family planning, and the types of family planning methods suitable for them. This study aims to assess the usability of the Family Planning Application for the general public. The high usability score for the RancangLah app among both respondent groups indicates its potential for adoption. RancangLah has a positive impact, as it can be used as an educational tool in health promotion activities related to family planning.
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Impak sekatan pergerakan Covid-19 terhadap perkhidmatan perancangan keluarga di Selangor: trend dan profil geo-demografi
Item Type: Conference or Workshop Item
Editor:
Year: 00/11/2024
Abstract: This study aims to identify the trends in contraceptive use among new users before, during, and after the Movement Control Order (MCO), as well as to determine the distribution of contraceptive use among new users based on radius and origin. Additionally, it seeks to assess the percentage differences in new contraceptive users between the years 2020 and 2019. The findings show that there were no new contraceptive users during the MCO period (March 18 – May 3, 2020). Implants emerged as the preferred family planning method among clients at the Klinik Nur Sejahtera Selangor, while condoms were the least used method. The 'Long Married Mothers' profile refers to women who have been married for 14 to 22 years. This group may have chosen not to have children, and using contraceptives is seen as the best alternative. The geo-demographic profile and the distribution map of contraceptive users developed in this study can serve as a guide for planning and decision-making, such as health policies, educational programs, population projections, reproductive health research, and family planning.
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Effect of Sexting Intervention Module (SIM) using prototype willingness to sext among undergraduate students.
Item Type: Conference or Workshop Item
Editor:
Year: 00/11/2024
Abstract: Sexting exchanging sexually explicit messages (texts, images, videos) via online. High sexting prevalence was used to rationalized the need for intervention. Implication of sexting are correlated with cyberbullying, sexual risk behavior, and mental health issues. Objectives of this research is to develop Sexting Intervention Module (SIM) using the Prototype Willingness Model, implement the intervention and evaluate the effectiveness of SIM on intention and willingness to sext among undergraduates in a public higher education institution in Melaka State. Research impact provide new evidence of effectiveness of Prototype Willingness Model (PWM) in reducing intention and willingness to sext. Previously PWM known to be effective in intervention that focus on prevention of smoking, alcohol drinking, sunless tanning, and sexual harassment. The effectiveness of PWM based intervention and animated videos supported future public health intervention toward digitalization of health education on sexting related topics among young adult. In community its increase awareness on sexting related issues and early prevention of negative implication of sexting.
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Modelling a comprehensive Long-Term Care Insurance (LTCI) plan for societal well-being in Malaysia
Item Type: Conference or Workshop Item
Editor:
Year: 00/11/2024
Abstract: Malaysia is currently going through a demographic transition as an aging country that is affected by two main factors, namely the decline in the overall fertility rate, as well as the increase in average life expectancy. The elderly are often associated with a decline in physical and cognitive abilities, which requires them to seek long-term care. This poses a major challenge for a country facing the phenomenon of population aging, as it impacts society and the government, particularly in economic and social aspects. Accordingly, it is important for Malaysia to immediately formulate a comprehensive strategy to deal with issues related to the aging of the population, particularly in the aspect of long-term care, to ensure the well-being of the people, as well as the sustainability of the country's fiscal management. Data collection for this study was conducted through seven focus group discussion sessions from March to August 2022, where the focus was on the four main aspects of long-term care insurance (LTCI), namely benefits, financing, eligibility, and supply. Taking into account policy makers' targets as well as the country's fiscal and economic situation, this study presents three main recommendations which are i) the implementation of a social insurance plan as a post-retirement benefit; ii) development of care economy; iii) increasing the retirement age limit. These measures are believed to help the country to meet the needs of the Malaysian community in facing the aging population transition.
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Pembangunan Modul Seksualiti anak berkeperluan khas
Item Type: Conference or Workshop Item
Editor:
Year: 00/11/2024
Abstract: Sexuality is a fundamental aspect of human life, and it is important for every individual, regardless of ability, to have access to accurate and appropriate information about sexuality. Individuals with special needs often face challenges in learning and expressing their sexuality. Parents are the primary educators of sexual health, but many parents find it difficult or are unwilling to discuss topics related to sexuality with their children. Most teenagers receive sexual education through informal means, such as interactions with peers, but children with special needs do not have such opportunities. This study aims to identify the knowledge of sexual and reproductive health among adolescents with autism spectrum disorders and learning difficulties. Additionally, it seeks to develop a sexuality and reproductive module that is acceptable to adolescents with autism spectrum disorders and learning difficulties.
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Meneroka kontaminan persekitaran dan corak diet dalam kalangan wanita umur reproduktif yang mengalami ketidaksuburan
Item Type: Conference or Workshop Item
Editor:
Year: 00/11/2024
Abstract: The environment and dietary patterns have a significant impact on reproductive-age women experiencing infertility. Every year, fertility rates among women decline in many countries. Pollutants are constantly present in our surroundings, and environmental contaminants are commonly found in food, cooking ingredients, medications, and kitchenware that we use daily, which contribute to the causes of female infertility. Therefore, there is a need for monitoring the food industry/chemicals in food and raising public awareness about the importance of being mindful of both their diet and the surrounding environment.
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Modul Keibubapaan Digital untuk membantu ibu bapa Malaysia memupuk daya tahan digital anak-anak
Item Type: Conference or Workshop Item
Editor:
Year: 00/11/2024
Abstract: This study aims to understand how digital media influences parenting styles in Malaysia. It examines Malaysian parents' perceptions of the risks associated with their children's use of digital media. Additionally, the study analyzes the digital parenting styles currently practiced by Malaysian parents, identifies the skills and knowledge needed for digital parenting, and suggests educational modules to support Malaysian parents in becoming digital enablers. Recognizing that parents are often reluctant to engage in conventional training, this study proposes making digital parenting education more flexible and accessible through inclusive online learning platforms.
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Pembangunan dan kebolehlaksanaan program intervensi pasca-Covid untuk keluarga resilien di Malaysia
Item Type: Conference or Workshop Item
Editor:
Year: 00/11/2024
Abstract: This study aims to develop a new, evidence-based family well-being intervention program in response to the challenges faced by families in Malaysia post-COVID-19. Marriage-related stress, particularly from external sources, can negatively affect relationship satisfaction and stability, and the COVID-19 pandemic has exacerbated these pressures. Measures such as travel restrictions and social distancing have contributed to increased psychological stress, leading to deteriorating relationship quality due to mental health issues like depression and anxiety. The impact of the pandemic highlights weaknesses and resilience in family dynamics, underscoring the need for support systems to maintain relationship quality during crises. A collaborative approach in designing the new intervention program should involve not only health experts but also representatives from fields such as education, psychology, and technology. This will ensure a comprehensive and effective intervention to address the various challenges families face.
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SDGS and the impact of megatrends on Families: perspectives from Malaysia
Item Type: Conference or Workshop Item
Editor:
Year: 00/05/2024
Abstract: 57th Commissions on Population and Development (CPD57): Assessing the status of implementation of the Programmed of Action of the International Conference on Population and Development and its contribution to the follow-up and review of the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development during the decade of action and delivery for sustainable development. Strengthening Malaysian Families in era of megatrends, National Population and Family Development Board Malaysia (NPFBD) had LPPKN Family Centre, Nur Sejahtera Clinic Services, Population and Family Research, Training and education (family), Counseling service and program, online accessibility etc.
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Bridging Boundaries: Empowering SRHE Through KafeTEEN Peer Educators
Item Type: Conference or Workshop Item
Editor:
Year: 00/05/2024
Abstract: There is increase in sexual activity prevalence among youth and high risk practice among youth who engaged in sexual activity. SRHE knowledge is known to be one of protective factors in preventing youth from engaging in high risk sexual activity. KafeTEEN YOUTH Centre Program is one of NPFBD initiative to lead SRH education dissemination for youth in Malaysia.
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Malaysia SDG roadmap and the road towards 2030
Item Type: Conference or Workshop Item
Editor:
Year: 00/05/2024
Abstract: Malaysia has undertaken periodic reviews to assess the achievement of ICPD goals and objectives. Malaysia has continuously embraced sustainable development in the national agenda. In this regard, the commitment to the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development (2030 Agenda) has been mapped with the Mid-Term Review of the 11th Malaysia Plan to support the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). The national development priorities of the Twelfth Plan continue to be aligned to the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) of the 2030 Agenda.
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The development of Family Well-Being Index: Malaysia experience. EGM on interlinkages between migration, urbanization, new technologies, demographic trends and climate change in Asia.
Item Type: Conference or Workshop Item
Editor:
Year: 00/05/2024
Abstract: The Malaysian Family Well-Being Index (MFWBI) was initiated in 2011 by the NPFDB with the aim to measure the levels of family well-being in the country and to recommend strategic initiatives to strengthen the implementation of future family intervention programs in Malaysia. In 2016, measurement of the MFWBI was repeated using an improvised instrument. The MFWBI 2016 had maintained all the 7 domain in the MFWBI 2011 and added one more domain, namely, Family and Communication Technology. The instrument’s refinement exercise was repeated again in 2019, and 2022 in order to measure the family well-being. The purpose of the refinement exercise was to ensure that the questionnaire was valid and relevant for current and near future use. The domain in the MFWBI are Family Relationship, Family Economy, Family Health, Family Safety, Family and Community Engagement, Role of Religion & Spiritual Practice, Housing and Environment, Family and Communication Technology. At the national level, the MFWBI has been recognized by the federal government as one of the national KPI in the country’s 5-year development planning (Eleventh Malaysia Plan, 2016 -2020 and Twelfth Malaysia Plan, 2012 – 2025).
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Peranan, tahap kesejahteraan, cabaran dan persediaan golongan wanita dalam menghadapi situasi pandemik Covid-19 di Malaysia: Hasil penemuan siri kajian tinjauan pendapat umum LPPKN
Item Type: Conference or Workshop Item
Editor:
Year: 26/02/2022
Abstract: Since the outbreak of the COVID-19 epidemic in the country since early 2020, the economy and community life have been severely affected. The increase in the number of daily cases as a result of several new waves of COVID-19 has also prompted the Government to implement a series of Movement Control Orders (MCO) nationwide. As a result, society, especially women, are seen to be increasingly stressed due to the loss of sources of income, limited involvement in outdoor activities and problems in balancing between work and family hours. Aware of this situation, the National Population and Family Development Board (NPFDB) has taken the initiative to conduct a series of public opinion polls throughout 2020 and 2021. This study aims to explore the role, level of well -being, challenges and preparation of women in facing pandemic situations. COVID-19 in Malaysia. This study is an online survey study. The findings of this study are a reflection of the current situation of society and family institutions in the face of the new wave of COVID-19. The results of a survey that focused on women showed that women were more affected than men. Although the level of well -being of women in the country is still at a satisfactory level, various issues and challenges are faced especially for those who are married. Issues of family management, children's education at home and more flexible working hours should be highlighted for consideration by the Government. It is hoped that various initiatives and development plans related to women can be planned as well as further strengthen the existing policies towards achieving the aspirations of the Malaysian Family. In general, this paper contributes to the knowledge related to the current situation of women in the face of new normative life. While in particular, this paper contributes to knowledge related to the role, well-being, challenges and preparation of women in facing the COVID-19 pandemic situation.
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Peranan, tahap kesejahteraan, cabaran dan persediaan ibu bapa dalam menghadapi situasi pandemik COVID-19 di Malaysia
Item Type: Conference or Workshop Item
Editor:
Year: 01/12/2021
Abstract: This slide describes the current situation in family institutions in particular related to the role, level of well-being, challenges and preparation of mothers and fathers in facing the COVID-19 pandemic that has spread in the country since early 2020. The subtopics in this slide are based on 10 public opinion polls conducted by the National Population and Family Development Board (NPFDB) online throughout 2020 and 2021. The survey, which involved nearly 13,000 respondents, focused on Malaysian mothers and fathers who have children aged 3 to 24 years only. There are seven subtopics in this paper, namely (i) Introduction; (ii) Literature Review; (iii) New Norma Family; (iv) The Role of Parents in the Family; (v) Level of Parental Well -Being in Family Institutions; (vi) Challenges and Parental Preparation Related to the Use of Digital Technology; and (vii) Recommendations and Conclusions.
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Keluarga dan cabaran norma baharu
Item Type: Conference or Workshop Item
Editor:
Year: 00/00/2021
Abstract: This slide describes the current situation in family institutions during the pre-pandemic COVID-19, by also showing the pattern of family well-being in the country through the Malaysian Family Well-Being Index (FWBI), a special measure introduced by the National Population and Family Development Board (NPFDB) since 2011. Despite the increase in scores in the third series of FWBI in 2019, the situation in family institutions seems to have changed with the onset of the COVID-19 epidemic in the country in early 2020. Sensitive to the increasing number of daily cases of the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic wave in the country, NPFDB has conducted a series of online public opinion poll studies to know some aspects of life including (i) the current situation of the pandemic era family; (ii) the family's behavior in facing a pandemic situation (iii) the role of mothers and fathers in the family during a pandemic; (iv) the level of well -being of mothers and fathers in the family institution; and (iv) the challenges and preparation of parents related to the use of digital technology. The results of this survey have been used as the main input to assist the Ministry of Women, Family and Community Development (MWFCD), especially NPFDB to develop appropriate programs and services as well as disseminate findings through existing social media platforms to the general public. Various initiatives including economic and social stimulus packages have been implemented by the Government to address the issue of the COVID-19 pandemic, particularly to the affected groups, in line with the "No One Left Behind" statement. With the allocation that has been channeled, MWFCD through its agencies including the Social Welfare Department (JKM) and NPFDB has intensified efforts to help the affected target groups, in addition to continuing existing activities, programs and services. In general, these stimulus and assistance packages have not only had a positive impact on economic recovery, but also on the social development of the community. Recently, with the concept of "Malaysian Family" introduced by YAB Dato 'Sri Ismail Sabri Yaakob, the Prime Minister of Malaysia is seen to be able to be a medium for the unification of society across religious, racial and ethnic boundaries to work together to solve the big problems facing the country when this. In addition, it can indirectly help further strengthen the family institution, as a basic unit that produces quality human capital for national development.
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The association between work family conflict and social demographic characteristics among fathers in Malaysia
Item Type: Conference or Workshop Item
Editor:
Year: 00/00/2021
Abstract: Those living in urban, Indian, age 30-44 years, higher educational level, single father, and non Muslim’s tend to face Work Family Conflict than their counterparts. More hectic/busy environment and higher cost of living in urban area compared to the rural area may contribute to the Work Family Conflict among fathers.
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Insights into the well-being of dual earner families in Malaysia: findings from the Malaysian Family Well-Being Index Study 2019
Item Type: Conference or Workshop Item
Editor:
Year: 00/00/2021
Abstract: Traditionally, GDP has been used as a measure of a country’s level of development, and the quality of life of citizens. Of late, the happiness index has gained increasing attention, as a measure of well-being, to include income distribution and non-financial aspects, such religious and spiritual well-being, and inter-personal relationship. Malaysia has conducted three rounds of the family well-being surveys to provide inputs for the five-year development plans. The overall family well-being score among dual earner families in Malaysia was 7.84 out of a maximum scale of 10, which is at the moderate level.
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Household income and life satisfaction of single mothers in Malaysia
Item Type: Conference or Workshop Item
Editor:
Year: 00/03/2020
Abstract: This study attempts to explore the socio –demographic and economic background of single mothers in Malaysia and to examine their income category and level of poverty. This study utilizes the Fifth Malaysian Population Survey (MPFS5) data. However, for this study, the target respondents are working single mothers (either widowed, divorced, separated); aged 15- 59 years old; residing in Peninsular Malaysia and have children staying together with them. Findings from this study reveal that household income of single mothers falls under the B40 category but there is not enough evidence to claim that their household income is below the poverty line. Chi – Square test of associations prove relationships between poverty level to socio – demographic variables such as level of education and residential states, while PLS – SEM techniques show that income category of single mothers is somehow related to the predictors of life satisfaction construct and the overall life satisfaction. Single mothers are already facing limited job market and reduced salary with their low level of educational attainment. Therefore, some suggested policy recommendations are to protect and promote single mothers involved in elementary occupations and to create more quality jobs to develop these women from the existing low-paid of the informal into the formal sectors.
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Impact of Covid 19 on family planning and ending gender based violence
Item Type: Conference or Workshop Item
Editor:
Year: 00/00/2020
Abstract: Women represent 70 % of the global health workforce. Hence, women are disproportionately exposed to the coronavirus. Global Supply chains are disrupted, impacting the availability of contraceptives and heightening the risk of unintended pregnancy. As countries are on lockdown and health systems struggle to cope, sexual and reproductive health services are being sidelined and gender-based violence is on the rise. The pandemic is making existing gender inequality even worse. Recent UNFPA projections highlighted the impact of a 6 month lockdown to women and girls which is 47 million women in developing countries may not be able to access modern contraceptives resulting in 7 million unintended pregnancies. This presentation slides discuss the impact of Covid-19 on family planning and ending gender based-violence.
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The social, health and economic impacts of Covid-19 in Malaysia
Item Type: Conference or Workshop Item
Editor:
Year: 00/00/2020
Abstract: Can life ever return to normal? YES... Evolutionary-wise, humans are resilient beings. This is not a life-ending Pandemic. With a prepared healthcare system with sufficient capacity. “March of the Vaccines”. Acknowledging our vulnerability demands humility, but will allow us to mitigate this pandemic better. Fear clouds our intellect. To make better-informed decisions, we need to let go of our fear.
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25 Years of the ICPD: reproductive health and rights challenges
Item Type: Conference or Workshop Item
Editor:
Year: 00/00/2019
Abstract: To increase contraceptive prevalence will require strengthening the information, education and skills development of health care providers, repositioning of family planning, more public awareness on benefits and side effects of modern contraceptives, keeping abreast with modern contraceptive technology including LARC, male/boy responsibility programs, better data collection and monitoring including from the young and unmarried, collaboration and coordination with all stakeholders and delivery of quality services to all without discrimination and stigmatization.
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Women subjective well-being in Malaysia: findings from Fifth Malaysian Population and Family Survey (MPFS-5)
Item Type: Conference or Workshop Item
Editor:
Year: 00/00/2019
Abstract: This presentation slide aims to measure the subjective well-being of women between age 20 to 59 years old in Malaysia. A total of 8, 171 respondents in the Fifth Malaysian Population and Family Survey (MPFS-5) with different marital status, employment status, ethnic and strata who answered the PWI instrument were analyzed.
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Analisis Situasi Kependudukan dan Kekeluargaan di Malaysia
Item Type: Conference or Workshop Item
Editor:
Year: 00/00/2019
Abstract: Population related program or policies have been introduced since 1966 and have gone through 3 series of studies. IN 1966, The National Family Planning Program was able to reduce the population growth rate from 3% per year to 2% (1985). On June 10 1966, LPKN was established under The National Family Planning Act No.42, 1966. The growth rate decreased to 2.8 in 1980. The 70 million population policy was announced in 1984 to reach 70 million population by 2100. This presentation slide describes the findings of the study of the analysis of the population and family situation in Malaysia, including the 7 main challenges of the population which include aspects of fertility, aging, labor force and productivity.
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Mendepani cabaran sasaran SDG 2030: memenuhi keperluan kontraseptif di Malaysia
Item Type: Conference or Workshop Item
Editor:
Year: 00/00/2019
Abstract: This paper will present on the trends and achievements of contraceptive use rates, unmet contraceptive requirements and modern contraceptive demands met. In addition, the presentation will also touch on issues and challenges on the rate of contraceptive use which is still hovering around 50 to 52 percent over the past three decades as well as the level of unmet needs in Malaysia which is relatively high compared to other Asean countries.
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Realising the demographic dividend
Item Type: Conference or Workshop Item
Editor:
Year: 00/00/2019
Abstract: Malaysia has done well in harnessing the demographic dividend through pragmatic planning and management, and investment in health and education. It is ranked among the very high Human Development index country (from 63 to 57). Achieved almost all the goals of ICPD (1994-2014) and MDGs (2000-2015).
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Pengukuran tahap kesejahteraan subjektif golongan remaja di Malaysia
Item Type: Conference or Workshop Item
Editor:
Year: 00/00/2018
Abstract: This presentation aims to measure the level of subjective well-being of adolescents in the country aged between 18 and 24 years old. A total of 2,597 respondents were analyzed using data from the Fifth Malaysian Population and Family Survey (MPFS-5). The article found that the level of subjective well-being is higher in female adolescents as compared to male adolescents, the level of well-being especially their standard of living, health and safety will be reduced in tandem with an increase in age.
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Amalan perancangan keluarga di Malaysia: cabaran dan hala tuju
Item Type: Conference or Workshop Item
Editor:
Year: 00/00/2018
Abstract: Family planning allows people to attain their desired number of children and determine the spacing of pregnancies. It is achived through use of contraceptive method and the treatment of infertility. Proportion of women of reproductive aged 15-49 years who have their need for family planning satisfied with modern methods.
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Perbandingan kesejahteraan psikologi wanita di kalangan keluarga komuter dan keluarga tradisional di Malaysia: satu kajian awal
Item Type: Conference or Workshop Item
Editor:
Year: 00/00/2017
Abstract: The objective of this study was to make a comparison of the psychological well -being of women among commuter families and not from commuter families based on the factors that contribute to the psychological well -being of each category. The study was also to compare female fertility levels among commuter families and non -commuter families.
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Ke arah memantapkan sistem sokongan keluarga di Malaysia: pendekatan holistik dalam penyelesaian pertikaian keluarga
Item Type: Conference or Workshop Item
Editor:
Year: 00/00/2017
Abstract: This topic gives an overview of the institutions that are dealing with family disputes in Malaysia. Generally, these institutions can be divided into judicial institutions and non-judicial institutions. Judicial institutions refer to the civil courts and Syariah courts. While non-judicial institutions refer to the other bodies that provide family services, including the Ministry of Women, Family and Community Development, LPPKN, Legal Aid Department, Malaysian Mediation Centre, religious institutions, private counsellors and NGOs. However, one of the downsides in the present system is lack of cooperation between judicial and non-judicial institutions that are dealing with family matters. In the meantime, resolution of legal disputes does not necessarily indicate that the disputes have been treated from the root. In order to promote holistic resolution of family disputes, family members need to be given further treatment outside of the courts, to tackle other non-legal issues, such as emotional and mental conflicts. The family support system can facilitate the individuals, particularly by giving social support and counselling. In fact, the family support institutions are able to deal with family conflicts at the early stage, thus reducing the number of cases that need to go for court trial. Family service centres that have been established in other countries such as Singapore and Australia indicated a high success rate in the resolution of family disputes. It is viewed that a cooperation between judicial and non-judicial institutions can provide a holistic approach to the resolution of family disputes. Therefore, it is suggested that a strong networking to be established between these institutions, so as to improve the referral function between them. At the same time, it is important to create awareness among the society regarding family services that are available and how these services can help them in handling their family disputes.
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Malaysian infertile men and women : do they suffer mental health issues?
Item Type: Conference or Workshop Item
Editor:
Year: 00/00/2017
Abstract: This study revealed that Malaysian infertile men and women demonstrated susceptibility to mental health problems that occurs more commonly among women than men. Thus, this study may facilitate fertility facilities to strategize and redesign better intervention for the infertile couples.
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Kesan perubahan demografi terhadap institusi keluarga
Item Type: Conference or Workshop Item
Editor:
Year: 00/00/2017
Abstract: Since the 1980s, the fertility rate (TFR) has declined slowly from 4.0 to 2.0 children per woman in 2016. This means that every woman in the country at this point , on average, gives birth to 2 children in her lifetime. The rapid decline in fertility rate (TFR) has accelerated the aging process of the country. The TFR is likely to remain between 1.9 and 2.0 by 2020 and below 1.9 in the next decade. This presentation is about the impact of demographic change on family institutions.
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Gender equality and women empowerment
Item Type: Conference or Workshop Item
Editor:
Year: 00/00/2016
Abstract: The term gender equality is usually seen as synonymous with women’s empowerment. In Malaysia, the task of promoting gender equality as a vision and mission of the country’s development project has been shouldered by the Ministry of Women, Family and Community Development (henceforth KPWKM). Throughout the year, KPWKM has been focusing on empowering women in all areas of life, particularly in politics and economy. The formulation of the National Policy on Women and its ensuing Action Plan is the epitome of this effort. In addition, Gender Mainstreaming has been employed, albeit rather flighty, as KPWKM’s strategy to achieve gender equality. However, in contemporary Malaysian context, the link between gender equality and women’s empowerment has turned into a stigma that belies the importance of this development mission. This paper presentation seeks to address one of the reasons, that is, the dissemination of information about gender equality and women’s empowerment. I argue that the inconsistency and lack of strategy in the Ministry’s effort to strategically promote gender equality and women’s empowerment is a course for concern.
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Embedding the environment sustainability for the 2030 agenda in Malaysia
Item Type: Conference or Workshop Item
Editor:
Year: 00/00/2016
Abstract: The presentation will outline the rationale and overarching vision for embedding the environment in the SDGs. These are guided by four interlocking ideas: the environment is a prerequisite for socio-economic development; human health and wellbeing depends on good environmental quality; environment has intrinsic values; and finally, protecting the environment can be a new source of economic growth.
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Motherhood in childhood: teenage pregnancy & MOH initiatives
Item Type: Conference or Workshop Item
Editor:
Year: 00/00/2016
Abstract: Teenage pregnancy in Malaysia is the result of either early marriages, consensual sex or the tragedy of rape. Although the age specific rate is showing a decline from 32 per 1000 women aged 1-19 years in 1980 to about 14 in the year 2010, the Ministry of Health (MOH) continue to focus on adolescent health with great concerns. Incidence of teenage pregnancies continue to be reported and in 2015 the highest is still those reported in Sabah dan Sarawak. The MOH has taken several measures in creating awareness and providing the facilities to address teenage pregnancy issues. They are given guidance and counselling, early identifications and intervention to help reduce the risk of serious morbidities during pregnancy or childbirth. This presentation discusses about teenage pregnancy problem in Malaysia.
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Big data for measuring and achieving the 2030 agenda for sustainable development goals in Malaysia
Item Type: Conference or Workshop Item
Editor:
Year: 00/00/2016
Abstract: The Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) have set 17 goals and 169 related targets to be achieved by 2030. In line to support SDGs indicators, Big Data plays a pivotal role to achieve the aspiration by providing real time information and evidence-based decision making through the predictive analytics. Thus, Big Data Analytics (BDA) has become a top priority for Malaysia’s government and one of the key pillars for national ICT development under the 11th Malaysia Plan. In becoming a leading statistical agency internationally by 2020, DOSM has taken efforts to utilise big data to improvise outcome and produce a more comprehensive and quality services. DOSM is vital to ensure the statistical products and services are able to fulfil users’ expectations. In tandem with DOSM's Transformation Plan 2015-2020 and aiming to make the most of the fast-growing volume of digital data, DOSM has initiated the implementation of Big Data Analytics under the project of StatsBDA. This presentation aims to highlight DOSM’s experiences in constructing official statistics by using big data which is aligned to the 2030 Agenda for SDGs. In addition, we will also share on the issues and challenges faced by DOSM pertinent to utilising the Big Data.
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Pengenalan Kajian Penduduk dan Keluarga Malaysia Kelima 2014
Item Type: Conference or Workshop Item
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Year: 00/00/2016
Abstract: The objective of this study to provide time series data related to demographic and socioeconomic information and to be source of data for national socioeconomic planning. Tha last objective is to evaluate the efficiency and effectiveness of planning and implementation of policies, programs and activities. This slide presentation is about the introduction and key findings of the Malaysian Population and Family Survey-5, 2014.
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Determinants of loneliness among elderly in Malaysia
Item Type: Conference or Workshop Item
Editor:
Year: 00/00/2016
Abstract: As of 2014, there is an estimated of 2.7 million elderly in Malaysia or 8.9% out of the total population of 30.3 million. Recent projections estimated that Malaysia will become an ageing nation by 2035 when 15% of the population falls into this group. As the number of the elderly population continues to grow, loneliness is becoming one of the major issues leading to impaired quality of life among elderly. Loneliness might lead to mental problems and stress among the elderly. This study attempts to examine the characteristics and influencing factors of loneliness among elderly in Malaysia. Data for this study is a sub-sample of a bigger national study gathered through the Fifth Malaysian Population and Family Survey (MPFS-5) conducted in 2014 by the National Population and Family Development Board Malaysia.
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Living the 'reduce, reuse and recycle' lifestyle
Item Type: Conference or Workshop Item
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Year: 00/00/2016
Abstract: In this presentation, the author will emphasise the urgency for "living the ‘reduce, reuse & recycle’ lifestyle” because humanity is living well beyond the ecological limits of one planet. Based on ecological footprint analysis, a tool for measuring sustainability, the biocapacity for humanity to be sustainable in 2012 was 1.7 global hectares (gha) per person (Global Footprint Network 2016; EF&B in 2012). Yet, the actual footprint of 2.8gha per person in that year globally indicates we were consuming the resources of 1 ½ planets. When we note further that some countries only survived on the equivalent of 0.7gha per person while others consumed the resources of over four planets at more than 8gha per person, it highlights the inequity of consumption across the human population. If this trend continues without shifting to a ‘reduce, reduce, reduce’ lifestyle, we will not achieve the sustainable development goals or Agenda 2030. Further, we will be borrowing from the future generations and compromising on their ability to meet their own needs. With a footprint of 3.7gha per person, Malaysians are already consuming the resources of more than two planets. Next, consumption patterns in 550 urban households in Malaysia based on data from an EPSM survey will be presented. In order to make the sustainable shift to ‘reduce, reuse & recycle’ lifestyle, an institutional framework needs to be created to mainstream sustainable development, as advocated by EPSM’s ongoing Sustainable Living in Malaysia (SLiM) campaign. Serious efforts need to be made to reduce our consumption of energy (electricity and fuel), water, meat and waste generation, including unnecessary shopping. In conclusion, the author will highlight examples of living the ‘reduce, reuse and recycle’ lifestyles.
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Investing in young people: matching education with employment needs
Item Type: Conference or Workshop Item
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Year: 00/00/2016
Abstract: Education has always been the engine of growth for Malaysia. Malaysia aspiration to become a high income nation by 2020. Multi-prong strategies which include access to education for all among the pillars to transforming the nation. Malaysia has always been embracing with the strategies and action plans of the sustainable development goals regardless of class, race, gender, age and creed.
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Corporate initiatives in empowering societies
Item Type: Conference or Workshop Item
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Year: 00/00/2016
Abstract: Digi’s ambition is to enable the Internet in the hands of every Malaysian for youth, children, women, the underserved, netizens and more. We passionately believe that all Malaysians should be given the opportunity to benefit from the power of the internet. Empower Societies is our commitment to enable the internet for all communities to inspire a better Malaysia and this promise to make meaningful impact in the lives of Malaysians is enabled through our corporate programmes; helping more segments of the society benefit from being connected.
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Analisis strategi kelangsungan hidup migran pekerja Bugis Indonesia ke Sabah
Item Type: Conference or Workshop Item
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Year: 00/00/2016
Abstract: Bugis migration to Sabah especially the Tawau Division in the 19th Century not only had provided the workforce but also created the early Bugis community in Sabah. They had assimilated with local people and become Malaysian citizens after the formation of Malaysia in 1963. Bugis migration flow to Sabah still continues to date and it is difficult to control. This paper studies migration of Indonesian workers phenomenon, especially the Bugis who dominate a few districts in Tawau and Sandakan Divisions. In collaboration with the LPPKN, a study involving 896 Indonesian workers who responded to a survey was conducted using face-to-face interview, while 20 legal and illegal workers, respectively participated in the in-depth interview. This study focuses on survival strategies using the role of social network in assisting migration process in three phases namely pre, while and post migration. This study found that new migrants were assisted by social network to reduce migration cost to achieve successful migration. Based on the Push and Pull theory, the decision to migrate and the selection of migration destination was influenced by economic factors such as job opportunity and wages in the origin and destination which could be explained by Neo Classical Economy theory. What is more important was, this study found that, non-economic pull factors such as social network, historical links and geographical proximity; as well as culture, ethnicity, religion and language similarity strongly influenced new migrants in making the decision to migrate. In conclusion, survival strategies using trusted social network crosses political boundary has continued to assist flow of information and resources, and reduced the risk of unsuccessful migration. Ethnicity-based recruitment strategy assisted by Mandur was found to be beneficial and thus, maintaining the migration flow of Bugis to Sabah until today.
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Adolescent perception on family well-being: the effect of family economic status, family functioning, and community support
Item Type: Conference or Workshop Item
Editor:
Year: 00/00/2015
Abstract: The objective of this presentation is to examine the difference of family well-being across several demographic information and to examine the relations between the family well-being in adolescents perceived family economic status, quality of family functioning, and community and neighbourhood support.
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Highlights of family and social issues : Fifth Malaysian Population and Family Survey (MPFS 5-2014)
Item Type: Conference or Workshop Item
Editor:
Year: 00/00/2015
Abstract: This slide Highlights of Family and Social Issues from finding of the Fifth Malaysian Population and Family Survey (MPFS 5-2014).
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Mammogram Screening Subsidy: Program in Malaysia
Item Type: Conference or Workshop Item
Editor:
Year: 00/00/2015
Abstract: In Malaysia, a woman has a 1:19 life time risk of developing breast cancer in her lifetime. Breast cancer contributes 32.3% of all female cancers. To reduce the incidence of breast cancer, the Government has embarked on the subsidised Mammogram Screening Program. This aims at promoting greater awareness and encouraging women to undergo mammogram screening for early detection of breast cancer. The objective of this subsidy is to promote greater awareness on breast cancer and the importance of breast examination.
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Nuptiality, fertility and contraceptive use: preliminary findings from the 5th Malaysian Population and Family Survey (MPFS -5)
Item Type: Conference or Workshop Item
Editor:
Year: 00/00/2015
Abstract: The current marital trend status shows more than 90 % are currently married while the percentage of divorce or separation is increasing. Next, current marital status by age group in 2014 showed that 93.1 % is currently married and 5.3 % among women 20-24 are divorce or separated. This paper discuss about nuptiality, fertility and contraceptive use from preliminary finding of the Fifth Malaysian Population and Family Survey (MPFS-5) 2014.
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Measuring Malaysian well-being through the personal well-being index (PWI): findings from the fifth Malaysian Population and Family Survey, 2014
Item Type: Conference or Workshop Item
Editor:
Year: 00/00/2015
Abstract: The aim of this study is to measure the well-being of Malaysian population through the use of PWI scale developed by the International Wellbeing Group (IWbG). Responses on the PWI scale were collected from over 10,000 adults aged 18 to 59 drawn from a sample of 18,852 living quarters throughout the country. Through the MPFS-5, the Personal Well-Being Index for the Malaysian was recorded at 7.71 out of a maximum score of 10. Out of the eight domains identified, the Spirituality or Religion domain recorded the highest score of 7.56. It then followed by the domain scores of Personal Relationships (7.54), Community-Connectedness (7.52), Personal Safety (7.35), Personal Health (7.10), Future Security (6.96), Standard of Living (6.58) and Achieving in Life (6.56).
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Prevalence and risk factors of pregnancy loss in Malaysia
Item Type: Conference or Workshop Item
Editor:
Year: 00/00/2015
Abstract: The objective of this paper is to study the prevalence and risk factors of pregnancy loss in Malaysia. The risk of pregnancy loss is highest among Indian, followed by Malay and Chinese. The risk of pregnancy loss increases with level of education, age at 1st marriage and number of previous non-live births.
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Population and Family Policies in Malaysia
Item Type: Conference or Workshop Item
Editor:
Year: 26/06/2014
Abstract: One of the objectives of development in the country is to improve the quality of life for all the people. Therefore, populations are at the core of development. Understanding demographic trends provides policy-makers with the tools to design interventions that lead to development especially in social sectors (family, health, education and labour) and providing infrastructure services. Knowledge on the population is crucial for planning resource allocation and designing appropriate policies. This paper intends to provide a review of population trends and population-related policies in Malaysia.It considers descriptions of Malaysia demographic changes, and then turns to the 1966 family planning programmes, the 70 million Population Policy in 1984 and to the recent Family Policy. This paper also attempts to provide insight into these policies by their evolutions, patterns and approaches, characteristics and provide recommendations for the future challenges.
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Determinant of marriage dissolution
Item Type: Conference or Workshop Item
Editor:
Year: 00/00/2014
Abstract: Nowadays, the number of divorce cases among Muslim couples is very worrisome whereby the total cases reported in 2013 increased by half of the total cases reported in the previous year. Thus, the objective of this study is to reveal the factors that contribute to the dissolution of marriage. A total of 181 cases and ten potential determinants were included in this study. The potential determinants considered were age at marriage of husband and wife, educational level of husband and wife, employment status of husband and wife, income of husband and wife, the number of children and the presence at a counseling session. Logistic regression analysis was used to analyze the data. The findings revealed that four determinants, namely the income of husband and wife, number of children and the presence at a counselling session were significant in predicting the likelihood of divorce among Muslim couples.
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Factors influencing family life satisfaction among parents in Malaysia
Item Type: Conference or Workshop Item
Editor:
Year: 00/00/2014
Abstract: The study attempts to investigate the factors that influence family life satisfaction (FLS) among parents in Malaysia. The study modeled the variable of parental involvement, family functioning, family resilience and time with family as independent constructs. Data for the study was gathered from nationally representative survey of “Family Well-Being Index” study conducted by National Population and Family Development Board Malaysia. Response from 2808 sampled households which involved about 1484 (52.8%) fathers and 1324 (47.2%) mothers of having a child aged at least 13 years old were utilized for the purpose of the current study. A Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) was employed by using Analysis of Moment Structure (AMOS) software. The study found all the modeled independent constructs tested had a significant and direct influence on family life satisfaction among the respondents except for parental involvement construct.
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Faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi penglibatan wanita berkahwin dalam tenaga buruh di Semenanjung Malaysia
Item Type: Conference or Workshop Item
Editor:
Year: 00/00/2014
Abstract: This study is to identify the influences of socio-economic factors towards the labour force participation among married women in Peninsular Malaysia. Bivariate correlations and logistic regression analysis was applied to the data set containing 2,366 married women aged 15-49 years, interviewed during the Fourth Malaysian Population and Family Survey, 2004. It was found that only half of the women were currently working. Chinese had the highest percentage who were currently working as compared to the Malays and Indians. The logistic statistical analysis had also identified several variables which were important determinants of the current work status of married women. Based on logistic statistical analysis, it was found that stratum, previous occupation prior to marriage and presence of young children had significant relationships to women’s participation in the labour force.
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An evaluation of eating behavior, psychosocial status and body mass index among Malaysian adolescents
Item Type: Conference or Workshop Item
Editor:
Year: 00/00/2014
Abstract: This study is an attempt to produce an abbreviated Malay version of Weight and Lifestyle Inventory (MWALI), as an evaluation tool to assess eating and related bio-psychosocial factors among adolescents attending kafe@TEEN, Kuala Lumpur. The MWALI was translated ‘forward–backward’ from English to Malay and then administered to 135 adolescents to assess the factor construct of the eating behaviour and its relationships with the demographic profile, dysphoria, global self-esteem and body mass index (BMI). The exploratory factor analysis of the eating behaviour yielded five factors are Negative Emotion, Poor Impulse Control, Social Cues, Snacking and Early Meals in relation to over-eating which were significantly and positively correlated with BMI. Eating in response to Social Cues was negatively correlated with self-esteem, overeating at Early Meals was positively correlated with dysphoria. Female has significantly higher mean score of eating in response to Negative Emotion and eating in response to Social Cues. MWALI is appropriate for assessing eating behaviour and associated bio-psychosocial factors among overweight and obese adolescents in the primary care setting in Malaysia.
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Population change and environmental issues in Malaysia
Item Type: Conference or Workshop Item
Editor:
Year: 00/00/2014
Abstract: Human influence on ecological footprint was negligible for thousands of years until population numbers started to increase dramatically. For instance, prior to the Industrial Revolution, the forests of many European countries were cleared mainly for subsistence, with little effect on ecosystem functioning. By the late 17th century, the fall in mortality and higher birth rates had catalysed the spread of settled agriculture with a rapid decline in Europe's forest cover. The population growth also triggered migration within Europe. When some natural resources fell into short supply, European powers started to search other parts of the New World. These explorations later on resulted in migration not just for subsistence, but also for settlements, agriculture and industry. This presentation will explains about population change and environmental issues in Malaysia.
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Population change and educational planning in Malaysia
Item Type: Conference or Workshop Item
Editor:
Year: 00/00/2014
Abstract: Strengthen national capacity to plan and manage changing. Educational systems in response to the needs of society. Planning and preparing the education sector through long-term involvement and focused [sustainable] interventions. Improve the quality of the educational experience itself. Realise global agenda like ESD, EFA, MDGs and post-2015 Development (Education) Agenda. This presentation is describes about population change and educational planning in Malaysia.
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Population, human capital and development: the Malaysia experience
Item Type: Conference or Workshop Item
Editor:
Year: 00/00/2014
Abstract: Like other countries in East and Southeast Asia, Malaysia has undergone a rapid demographic transition to low fertility. This has meant a growing share of the economically active population that will eventually peak as ageing becomes more pronounced. The potential increase in the labor force has been undermined by both rising enrollment in upper secondary and tertiary education, as well as by many females remaining outside the labor force. Together with high economic growth, this has created a shortage of labor. Immigrant labor, both legal and illegal, has stepped in to fill the gap but entrenched a low labor cost model. Breaking out of this requires strengthening the country’s human capital base. While generous government expenditure and liberalization of the education sector has resulted in significant gains in numbers enrolled, several factors have had a negative effect on education quality. Unless reversed, this deterioration has long-term implications for the country’s development.
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The role of human capital in Malaysia's economic development
Item Type: Conference or Workshop Item
Editor:
Year: 00/00/2014
Abstract: This paper examines the impact of human capital on economic development using Malaysia as an example. The evidence shows that Malaysia’s economic growth among the upper middle income countries has been driven considerably by resource exports. The country has not demonstrated strong human capital and innovation capabilities relative to countries classified among the upper middle income countries. The evidence suggests that efforts must be taken to raise the quality of human capital produced in the country and to attract more vigorously Malaysians carrying tacit knowledge to lead critical human capital producing organizations.
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Family-based on drug abuse prevention: know your child programme
Item Type: Conference or Workshop Item
Editor:
Year: 00/00/2014
Abstract: This study was to evaluate the effectiveness of the Drug Prevention Program from family perceptive. The respondents was the participants who attended the Know your Child (Kenali Anak Kita) Drug prevention program and sampled by convinence in all the six zones in Malaysia. The aim of this program is to create awareness of family to prevent deviant behaviours, particularly substance abuse among teenagers. The campaign had been implemented phase by phase in six zone involve from various organization, agencies and individual.
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Kajian keseimbangan kerjaya dan keluarga
Item Type: Conference or Workshop Item
Editor:
Year: 00/00/2014
Abstract: The main objective of this study is to investigate the time arrangement between career and family among working peoples. This study leads to identifying the trend of work and family life balance in today’s families. As the result of this study, average time spent by respondent on working hour is 9 hours and 36 minutes per day, 48 hours 3 minutes per week. That duration is approach the result of the International Labor Organization ( ILO ) in 2000 which is Malaysia was ranked the longest spend time for working after South Korea. The findings also obtained the annual leave by respondent was high (26 days per year) compared to some other countries in the world . The duration of travels time to work is not much different in urban areas where respondents took 46 minutes commuting to work and the respondent metro-urban was takes about 55 minutes. This phenomena was influence the time management in their family life daily. The average time of sleep duration about 6 hours 41 minutes. Which is respondent went to sleep at 11:07 pm and wake up at 5:43 am by average. An important aspect of work-life balance is the amount of time a person spends at work. Overall in average in OECD Country, men spend more hours in paid work and the percentage of male employees working very long hours across OECD countries is 12%, compared with less than 5% for women. Finding a suitable balance between work and life balance is a challenge for all employee, especially working parents. The amount and quality of leisure time is important for people’s overall well-being, and can bring additional physical and mental health benefits. A full-time worker in the OECD works 1765 hours a year and devotes 62% of the day on average or close to 15 hours, to personal care (eating, sleeping and others) and leisure (socialising with friends and family, hobbies, games, computer and television use and others).
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Risk and protective factors affecting adolescent youth sexual and reproductive health in Peninsular Malaysia
Item Type: Conference or Workshop Item
Editor:
Year: 00/00/2014
Abstract: This study shows that over the last 10 years, youth sexual and reproductive health (SRH) had raised a lot of concern on the national agenda. According to the statistics, age at first sexual intercourse to be as early as 9-10 years for both male and female adolescents (The Youth Sexuality Survey, 1996). The proportion of HIV infection due to sexual transmission is increasing from 18.8 % in 2000 to 55.5 % in 2011. About 26 % of newly infected cases of heterosexual transmission in 2011 are among teens and youth aged between 13 to 29 years. This study is to determine the prevalence of SRH behaviours of adolescent/youth and to identify risk and protective factors that influence adolescent/youth sexual reproductive health in Peninsular Malaysia.
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Future study- understanding the puzzling trend of high birth rate among contraceptive users in Malaysia: A case study from Malaysian Population and Family Survey, 2004
Item Type: Conference or Workshop Item
Editor:
Year: 00/00/2014
Abstract: In 1957-1966, Family Planning Association has pioneering the family planning services in most of the states of Malaysia. At that time, the family planning services were mostly available only in urban areas (NPFDB: Kuala Lumpur, Report on Malaysian Population and Family Survey, 1974). Family planning was first made as an official policy during the First Malaysia Plan in 1966, successfully through the National Planning Programme (NPP). The objectives of this study is to examine the fertility levels of respondents whose practiced family planning compared to that of who have never practiced it and this study also to study the link between socio-economic and cultural variables with those eight intermediate variables on fertility in Malaysia.
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Antara dua dunia: memahami pengalaman hidup transeksual
Item Type: Conference or Workshop Item
Editor:
Year: 00/00/2014
Abstract: This study aims to understand the life experiences of transexual people. Researchers used a semi -structured interview method to obtain the required information. A total of three (3) male to female transexual respondents in their 30s, 40s and 50s were involved in this study. The data obtained were analyzed based on topics and sub-topics. The main topics in this study are the life experiences of transexual and four (4) sub-topics in this study are the experiences of childhood and adolescence, relationships with family, employment and social life of transexual. The findings in this study are able to provide a clearer understanding of transexual people. In addition, these findings can be considered by parties who are directly or indirectly involved with transexual people in implementing policies, interventions, programs and even counseling. This study is also a pioneer to other studies involving transexual people, especially studies involving parents who have children who have a tendency to transexual identity.
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Loneliness among older Malaysians
Item Type: Conference or Workshop Item
Editor:
Year: 00/00/2014
Abstract: Loneliness is a prevalent issue among older persons and it is an important indicator of their subjective well-being. Persistent loneliness or extreme cases of loneliness may lead to higher risks of psychological disorder, mental health problems, depression or suicide. Family support is a great importance in determining the quality of life and well-being of older persons. The objective of this study is to examine factors influencing the feeling of loneliness among older Malaysians. We hypothesize that loneliness among older persons varies according to their socio-demographic characteristics and is affected by their health and physical condition and community participation as well as the various forms of family support.
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Population and development linkages
Item Type: Conference or Workshop Item
Editor:
Year: 00/00/2014
Abstract: Demographic factors remain very important in the overall development equation, but the meaning of development remains contested, the increasing inequality in many countries’ income distribution provides a fundamental challenge to current economic systems, and the sustainability of what we have achieved remains in question. The United Nations has issued a challenge to academics and planners by claiming that the framework for population and development beyond 2014 should rest on the five thematic pillars of dignity and human rights, health, place and mobility, governance and accountability, and sustainability. Integrating population policy into overall development policy will continue to require both good analytical abilities and a broader vision of what the goals are.
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Determinants of divorce among women in Peninsular Malaysia
Item Type: Conference or Workshop Item
Editor:
Year: 00/00/2014
Abstract: Many studies concerning divorce had been conducted especially in the West to investigate the pattern of divorce as well factors that that are related to divorce. However, there is not much research work on divorce in Malaysia. Therefore, the objective of this study is to explore the divorce trend at the macro level based on the data provided by the Department of Islamic Development Board and National Registration Department of Malaysia. Based on the trend analysis, it demonstrates that the divorce rate in Malaysia has been rising during a period of 17 years from 1995 to 2010. In addition, the trend of divorce between Muslim and non-Muslim couples display a divergent pattern especially during the economic downturn. At the micro level, the Fourth Malaysian Population and Family Survey (MPFS IV) data obtained from the National Population and Family Development Board was utilized to identify the determinants of divorce among women in Peninsular Malaysia. The results based on Cox-Regression analysis show that age, age at marriage, the number of marriages and the existence of children are the significant factors that are related to divorce. Besides, irreconcilable differences, imprudent husbands and the meddling in-laws family are the reasons why couples end their marriages, as found from the MPFS IV data.
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Social pension, aging and poverty in Malaysia
Item Type: Conference or Workshop Item
Editor:
Year: 00/00/2014
Abstract: The increasing number of elderly in Malaysia calls for a more stringent policy to safeguard the well-being of the elderly. The old age protection such as the pension scheme, Employees Provident Fund and the old age cash assistance although in tact, deemed to be inadequate to eradicate elderly poverty. One possible solution to secure financial protection during old age is through social pension that provides non-labor income for the retirees or elderly with the purpose of preventing or reducing elderly poverty. This paper attempts to estimate the financial cost of social pension scheme and quantify its potential role in reducing elderly poverty in Malaysia. The financial cost of social pension scheme was calculated as a percentage to GDP. By using the 2009 household income expenditure survey, the paper estimated the potential roles of social pension in eradicating elderly poverty. Sensitivity analysis indicated that the cost social pension could be kept at an average of 1.30 percentage of GDP. The 2009 HIES data also indicated that poverty could be eventually be eradicated with social pension while cost of the social pension was kept at reasonable levels.
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Universal health coverage in Malaysia: issues and challenges
Item Type: Conference or Workshop Item
Editor:
Year: 00/00/2014
Abstract: Socioeconomic development in Malaysia, over the past few decades, has led to the improvement and expansion of the public healthcare system. This system has provided universal access to a low-priced package of comprehensive health care leading Malaysia to claim to have achieved universal health coverage (UHC). However, the Malaysian health landscape is changing rapidly. Provision of private care has grown especially in large urban towns, mainly in response to public demand. Thus far, private care has been predominantly bought and utilised by the rich but because of differentials in quality of care between the public and private sector, unabated expansion of the private health sector has the potential to adversely affect universal access to care. This effect may be accentuated in the coming years by demographic changes in the country specifically by the ageing of the population. This paper is intended to highlight challenges to UHC in Malaysia in the face of the changing health landscape in the country and to offer some suggestions as to how these challenges can be met.
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Kajian kesedaran dan pengetahuan orang awam mengenai infertiliti
Item Type: Conference or Workshop Item
Editor:
Year: 00/00/2014
Abstract: The infertility rate in Malaysia is estimated around 10 to 15 %. World Health Organization has classified infertility as a disease that needs attention as early as possible. It is one of the factors that contribute to decreasing total fertility rate. Public misunderstanding regarding infertility may affect on how they handle this issue. People always take this issue lightly since it is not a life-threatening disease, unlike heart attack, diabetes and cancer. The Bertarelli Foundation Scientific Board (1999) had found that infertility awareness was still low in a few countries in Europe, such as Belgium, Italy, France, Germany, Sweden and United Kingdom. Knowledge on infertility is very crucial because it helps couples to prepare when they are having difficulty in conceiving. The objective of this study was to identify our local people awareness and knowledge on infertility issues as very few studies have been done in Malaysia.
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Customer retention: a case study of LPPKN clinical services
Item Type: Conference or Workshop Item
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Year: 00/00/2014
Abstract: This is a descriptive study intended to identify the main factors which contribute to the customer retention among the “Clinical Clients” of National Population and Family Development Board or LPPKN. The study focused on three variables to check on the level of influence, affect and effect to the process of customer retention. Those variables are service branding, perceived value and service quality. The study also covered the impact and influence of the demographic element to the service branding, perceived value and service quality in the process of customer retention. This study was conducted at the LPPKN Clinics in Klang Valley and Seremban. Understanding and fulfilling the customers need will contribute to retaining existing customers and reduce the customer switching intentions. The research findings show there is a positive relationship between perceived value and service quality with customer retention. Nevertheless relationship between service branding and customer retention is not supported for the LPPKN clinical setting. Analysis on the demographic factor showed that, it has a significant influence in regard to service branding, perceived value, services quality and customer retention. The output of the study will be helpful to managers and marketers of the clinical service to understand the customer needs, priority and expectations. Furthermore the findings of the research will enable the managers and policy makers to take necessary actions in their marketing and operational planning to stay competitive and maintain a stable income for a long term. This study will also help LPPKN Clinics to improve service quality, increase number of clinical clients, facilitate the process of customer retention and in long term improve financial performance.
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Migration and development in Malaysia: the impact of immigrant labour in the manufacting sector, 1986-2010
Item Type: Conference or Workshop Item
Editor:
Year: 00/00/2014
Abstract: The heavy reliance on immigrant labour in manufacturing remains a contentious issue and we address three concerns with respect to their impact are did they displace native workers or complement them? Did their influx impede real wage growth? And did they lower real productivity growth? We found that immigrants complemented local workers in the initial phase when a labour shortage emerged at prevailing wage levels but displaced them in later periods because employers favoured them due to significant non-wage cost savings. Finally, the contention that immigrant labour use contributed to keeping productivity low found some support. In the light of these findings we discuss policy options with respect to immigrant workers.
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Population projection for development planning in Malaysia
Item Type: Conference or Workshop Item
Editor:
Year: 00/00/2014
Abstract: The purpose of this paper is to identify the data needs, and provide projected population figures, disaggregated by age and other characteristics, which may be used by planners from the government and the industry for planning purposes. Specifically, the paper seeks to illustrate the requirements for education, health and economic sectors in terms of human resources, infrastructure and expenditure to meet the needs of the population.
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Pendekatan sokongan keluarga dalam kalangan penjaga warga tua: pengetahuan, kemahiran dan kesejahteraan
Item Type: Conference or Workshop Item
Editor:
Year: 00/00/2013
Abstract: This study is conducted in line with global development (modernization) the impact on the care of elderly parents in their own (informal) families is declining and may worsen in the future. This phenomenon does not only occur in Malaysia but it is a global issue especially in developed and developing countries. Among the causes of this phenomenon are due to the increase in life expectancy of elderly parents (Department of Statistics Malaysia, 2000), the effects of modernization and changes in family structure, increase in divorce rates, reduction in birth rates, geographical movements and globalization.
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Emerging patterns of Indonesia's international population mobility
Item Type: Conference or Workshop Item
Editor:
Year: 00/00/2013
Abstract: This paper attempts to examine some new trends in Indonesia’s international migration, both out-migration from and in-migration to Indonesia. More and more Indonesians have moved to other countries to pursue higher education, job opportunities and to settle down. On the other hand, rapid economic growth and the large consumer market have attracted increasing number of foreigners to work and invest in Indonesia. International population mobility is becoming a more important demographic process, with profound ramifications on economic development in Indonesia and other countries, in ASEAN and beyond.
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Migration in Malaysia: social and family impact
Item Type: Conference or Workshop Item
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Year: 00/00/2013
Abstract: This paper highlights the key findings from surveys done by the Ministry of Women, Family and Community Development (MWFCD) and the National Population and Family Development Board (NPFDB). The Survey on the Implications of Employing Foreign Domestic Helpers (FDH) on the Family Institution in Malaysia was conducted by the MWFCD in 2009. The study found that many families rely on FDH for child care and domestic work. Some of the families find that having a FDH has a negative effect on their family relationships while some have no problems with it. The study on Indonesian Migrants in Tawau, Sabah conducted by the NPFDB in 2010 found that the local community in Sabah felt that the presence of Indonesian migrants in their community had both positive and negative effects. The effects of migrants were studied from the perspective of economy, education, health, safety, culture, housing and neighbourhood.
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Immigration to the United States: recent trends and future prospects
Item Type: Conference or Workshop Item
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Year: 00/00/2013
Abstract: The United States is popularly known as a “nation of immigrants.” For recent immigrants and their descendants, this term means that they belong part of a long tradition of peoples who came the United States seeking economic opportunity, fleeing injustice or oppression in their homeland, and a better life for their children. Long term residents of the United States, those who immigration experience is several generations in the past, often have mixed feelings about new immigrants. They may be very proud of their immigrant forbearers from Italy, Poland, or Ireland, but this historical experience does not always generate sympathy for recent arrivals. They often think the new immigrants are somehow different and less deserving than those who arrived in the past. These beliefs about new immigrants are based on assumptions of difference--the recent newcomers have a different religion, a different language, or are from a different country that will make them less likely to assimilate to American society and culture. Then, there is a significant proportion of Americans are strongly hostile to new immigrants – they would like to stop all immigration and even to expel those who are already here, including the estimated 12 million immigrants who do not have any legal standing to be in the US. This ambivalence about immigration, and even hostility to immigrants, is part of the fabric of American society, past and present. Immigrants from around the world have been coming to the United States in large numbers for almost 4 centuries, long before the founding of the nation in 1787. Although immigrants are often welcomed, particularly by family and friends from their homeland, they often encounter indifference and occasional prejudice from long resident Americans. In this overview, I survey the trends in immigration to the United States with a focus on the most recent period. Current levels of immigration are very high, but relative the national population. In fact, the portion of the US population that is foreign born (or the children of the foreign born) was even higher during the first decade of the 20th century and during the 1840s and 1850s. These earlier waves of mass migration generated an extreme levels of American nativism that were much hostile than those at present. There was a significant number of Chinese, Japanese and Filipino immigrants in the late 19th and early 20th century, but the majority originated in Europe. At present, about half of new immigrants come from Mexico and other Latin American countries, and about one-quarter come from Asia, including China, India, Vietnam, and the Philippines. In the 1970s and 1980s, most immigrants settled a few states, particularly California, New York, Texas, Florida, and Illinois. In the 1990s, immigrants spread out to “new destinations,” including small towns and cities in the South and Midwest. They are not the poorest of the poor. Some immigrants arrive with very high educational credentials and play a disproportionate role in the American high tech sector. In general, the children of immigrants do very well in American society, both educationally and economically. Immigrants and their children are also distinctive in terms of their determination to succeed. Of course, not all immigrants are successful. Some join gangs and experience downward mobility. They may even adopt attitudes that reject the goal of social mobility. But, all in all, most empirical research shows that contemporary immigrants are making a positive contribution to American society, just as earlier waves of immigrants did.
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Growth of urban towns in Malaysia
Item Type: Conference or Workshop Item
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Year: 00/00/2013
Abstract: Malaysia has experienced an outstanding growth of urban towns since its formation in 1963. The shift from agricultural to an industrial based economy has inevitably led to rapid physical, social and economic changes. The impact of urban spatial transformation accentuated the growth in the number of urban towns with urban centres increasing in size and expansion of major towns outwards to sprawl into peripheries. This paper highlights the growth of urban towns in Malaysia based on the data available from the 1970, 1980, 1991, 2000 and 2010 Population and Housing Censuses. The data reveals a surge of growth in number from 72 towns in 1980 to 228 towns in 2010. The increase in the growth of urban centres and the urbanization process is the result of spatial transformation, demographic phenomenon and various government measures for a measureable balanced development.
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International migration between ASEAN Australia
Item Type: Conference or Workshop Item
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Year: 00/00/2013
Abstract: International migration is an increasing influence in ASEAN. The 2013 United Nations Population Report indicates that ASEAN had the third fastest growing international migration currently of all world regions over the 2000-13 period. This presentation examines the global context in which this increase in mobility is occurring. It summarises the main elements in this increased importance of migration. It focuses then on recent developments in the migration relationship with Australia. Australian international migration data is of very high quality and allows the movement between ASEAN countries and Australia to be qualified. It detects permanent immigration and emigration as well as non-permanent moves. It is demonstrated that the migration relationship between ASEAN and Australia is emphatically an interacting one. It is a system rather than a south-north movement. The characteristics of migrants are examined and issues of brain drain addressed. The paper considers some policy dimensions of the migration relationship for development in ASEAN.
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Family well being: enhancing National Policies towards elderly parents
Item Type: Conference or Workshop Item
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Year: 00/00/2013
Abstract: Malaysia will be aged by the year 2030. The objective of National Policy for Older Persons, 2011 is to enhance the respect for and self-worth of the elderly in family, society and nation, to develop the potential of the elderly so that they remain active and productive in national development and to create opportunities for them to continue to live independently and to encourage the establishment and the provision of specific facilities to ensure the care and protection of the elderly.
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Current trends in transnational population flows in Malaysia: Issues, policy and challenges
Item Type: Conference or Workshop Item
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Year: 00/00/2013
Abstract: In the last 40 years there has seen a substantial increase in Malaysia’s foreign pop. According to the last National Census in 2010, out of a pop of 28.4 million, over 8.3% are non-citizens. The increase is mainly the result of labour inflow since the early 1970s due to Malaysia’s relatively better economic development and political stability which attract economic migrants and asylum seekers from within and outside the ASEAN region. This paper which focuses on current transnational flows in the country has the following objectives: 1. To provide an overview of transnational population flows in Malaysia in the last decade and identify major streams that are causing considerable concern to the state and the Malaysian public. The focus is on the low skill foreign workers, the largest category of migrants in Malaysia. 2. To examine public perceptions of foreign workers, how such perceptions are formed and what their impacts are on state policy. 3. To discuss the state policy on foreign workers, both legal and irregular, the objective of the policy and its strategies. 4. To highlight the challenges faced by the state in implementing the foreign worker policy. 5. To evaluate the achievement and shortcomings of the policy. The writer identifies five types of transnational inflows into Malaysia i.e. that of low skill migrant workers both legal and irregular; asylum seekers; expatriates; foreign students; and participants of Malaysia’s My Second Home (MM2H) project.
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Internal migration and socio-demographic changes in Malaysia
Item Type: Conference or Workshop Item
Editor:
Year: 00/00/2013
Abstract: This paper re-examines the levels, trends and patterns of internal migration, followed by some discussions on the causes and consequences of internal migration in Malaysia in 1991 and 2000. A more up to date analysis awaits the release of migration data from the 2010 census. The focus of this paper is on inter-state and inter-regional rather than intra-state migration as more people moved across states than within state. Key questions to be addressed include the reasons for the high concentration of migration in the Klang Valley since the 1970s, migration selectivity in terms of age, education and ethnicity. The migration impact on socio-demographic changes and policy issues will also be examined.
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Foreign workers in Malaysia: assessment of their economic effects and review of the policy
Item Type: Conference or Workshop Item
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Year: 00/00/2013
Abstract: This study aims to help Ministry of Human Resource to better manage existing human resources in the country and to plan for the development of future human capital needs.
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Youth in Malaysia: the bare truth about teen and homosexual tendency
Item Type: Conference or Workshop Item
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Year: 01/07/2012
Abstract: Sexuality is a result of the interplay of biological, psychological, socio-economic, cultural, ethics and religious/spiritual factors. Youth sexuality, particularly homosexuality has always been a matter of concern to many parties. Furthermore, the issue of homosexuality has already caused much controversy in Malaysia recently. This study aims to explore the homosexual tendency among Malaysian youths. Methods a nationwide cross sectional study was done using secondary data from Adolescent Health Screening Forms (BSSK/R/1/2008). Data was obtained from randomly selected participants of a national youth programme aged between 18-25 years and was analyzed using SPSS. Results A total of 22,750 youth participated with almost equal ratio by sex. Mean age was 19.0 years old. This study revealed that the homosexual tendency was more common amongst male youths (4.1%), 21-24 years old (5.5%) and no formal education (6.1%). There is a relationship between homosexual tendency and sex, ethnicity and educational attainment. Homosexual tendency was found to be significantly associated with risky behavior, abuse, anti-social behavior, substance abuse and family connectedness. Multivariate analysis using logistic regression found that homosexual tendency was two times higher among abused youth followed by youth with anti-social (OR=1.9), risky behavior (OR=1.6), lack of family connectedness (OR=1.7), less religious (OR=1.4) while controlling for age, ethnicity and education level. Conclusion, the prevalence of homosexual tendency among youths in Malaysia is an alarming issue and many cases are still under-reported. Misunderstanding and a lack of information on sexual diversity have caused a concern for many, as there is a tendency for judgments, stereotypes, discrimination and prejudice towards homosexuality in society. Instead of treating it as a disease, ways and measures of educating youths need to be explored.
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Community based program in Ethiopia: from CBD to massive, state-run health extension program
Item Type: Conference or Workshop Item
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Year: 00/00/2012
Abstract: The Family Guidance Association of Ethiopia (FGAE) pioneered a Community-based FP Distribution [CBD] program in Ethiopia in 1991. The CBD agents were selected by the community members through prior set selection criteria including interest and willingness to volunteer for community work and sufficient knowledge about the socio-economic and cultural context of the community. The CBD program was very widely replicated by many other institutions as a low cost, effective strategy to increase access to modern contraceptive services in under-served communities. Considering the challenges related to distance and access to fixed health facilities among women with high unmet needs and the lessons drawn from project based success stories of the CBD programs, the government of Ethiopia initiated the Health Extension Program (HEP) in 2003 to accelerate utilization of primary health care services in rural communities. The HEP is implemented by trained health extension workers or practitioners at the community level with strong focus on health promotion and disease prevention and empowering community members to make decisions and take actions on their own health. The Health Extension Workers (HEW) were recruited from the community among those who completed high school and trained for one year. Currently, two female HEWs are assigned at each kebele (the lowest administrative unit) and to implement a package of 16 primary health care services including FP and maternal health. A total of about 35,000 rural HEWs and 4,800 urban Health Extension Professionals [Graduate Nurses] are deployed by MoH as government employees throughout the country. The program has created a better opportunity, particularly for rural women and young people to access health services including FP/RH.
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Nurturing healthy, happy, well-planned and empowered Filipino families: the Philippine experience
Item Type: Conference or Workshop Item
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Year: 00/00/2012
Abstract: This paper discuss about challenges facing by Filipino families in nurturing healthy, happy, well-planned and empowered and the strategies in Philippine Development Plan 2011-2016 to overcome this problem.
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Kesan amalan dan status kesihatan terhadap kemurungan di kalangan warga tua lelaki di Semenanjung Malaysia
Item Type: Conference or Workshop Item
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Year: 00/00/2012
Abstract: This study aims to look at the factors of practice and health status that contribute to depression among elderly men aged 60 years and above in Peninsular Malaysia. The data used in this study was obtained from the 4th Malaysian Population and Family Survey which was conducted by the National Population and Family Development Board (LPPKN). The data obtained were analyzed using Descriptive Statistics and Logistic Regression. Among the variables used were the level of health, frequency of treatment, disease, frequency of exercise and health check-ups. The results of the analysis showed that coronary heart disease, decreased labor capacity, restless inability to sleep and attending religious ceremonies were independent variables influencing the risk of depression.
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Population ageing and social protection in Malaysia
Item Type: Conference or Workshop Item
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Year: 00/00/2012
Abstract: With rapid increase in number of older persons, Malaysia is faced with multitude issues of graying population resulting from declining birth rate and rising life expectancy. In 2010 4.7% of the population was above 65 years old and the life expectancy was 71.7 years for males and 75 years for females. The New Economic Model for Malaysia (NEM) 2010 defines inclusiveness, high income and sustainability, as the three prong objective towards a developed nation in 2020. The underlying principle of the inclusiveness objective is to enable every Malaysian to have access to opportunities in order to contribute to the economy and to ensure that essential needs of the people are met. At least ten policy measures were recommended to improve the well being of the bottom 40% of the population, which has been identified as underserved. The question is, to what extent is the existing social safety net policy adequate to support every Malaysian to sustain a decent living? What are the issues and gaps with social safety net for older people? This paper attempts to answer these questions and to examine other related issues. It is divided into three parts: the first parts is an assessment of the existing social safety net in Malaysia; the second part looks at some case studies of NGO’s working with the older people and the final part offers some policy recommendations as a way forward.
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Mengharmonikan intergenerasi
Item Type: Conference or Workshop Item
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Year: 00/00/2012
Abstract: The purpose of the presentation is to give an overview of the differences between the older and younger generations in Malaysia and suggest some steps to bring the old and the young together. The formulation of more policies that consider the needs of the younger generation such as in sports, education, tourism, politics and media. Among the steps that can be taken to bridge the gap between the old and young is to increase public awareness of the issue aging and intergenerational unity through seminars, conferences, writings, films or hold special activities such as concerts, exhibitions, competitions video-games and others.
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Financing old age in a rapidly ageing high income city state: the case of Singapore
Item Type: Conference or Workshop Item
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Year: 00/00/2012
Abstract: Singapore, an affluent city state, is among the most rapidly ageing society globally. This is due to low fertility rate (TFR of 1.2 in 2011); and increasing life expectancy (18.3 years for men and 21.8 years for women at age 65 in 2011). Its support ratio (working age persons/elderly) is projected to decline from 7.9 in 2011 to 2.2 by 2030, representing a steep decline. It primarily relies on a mandatory savings tier to finance old age. This tier is administered by a statutory Board called Central Provident Fund (CPF) under the Ministry of Manpower. The CPF has over the years been used not just for retirement, but for housing health care, and other purposes. Its wide scope and mandate has resulted in considerable complexity. This paper provides an assessment of the extent to which the current old age financing arrangements are likely to address longevity, inflation, and survivors’ risks faced by individuals in their old age. Not only each person will need support for a longer period in old age, but societal and individual expectations about old age support are also changing, reflecting the affluent society.
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Enhancing family institution towards addressing population ageing
Item Type: Conference or Workshop Item
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Year: 00/00/2012
Abstract: Malaysia will be aged by the year 2030. The objective of National Policy for Older Persons, 2011 is to enhance the respect for and self-worth of the elderly in family, society and nation at the same time to develop the potential of the elderly so that they remain active and productive in national development and to create opportunities for them to continue to live independently and to encourage the establishment and the provision of specific facilities to ensure the care and protection of the elderly. The areas of Plan of Action: Promotion and Advocacy, Lifelong Learning, Safety and Protection, Governance and Shared Reasonability, Involvement and Intergenerational Solidarity, Research and Development.
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Strengthening Malaysian families: evidence based interventions
Item Type: Conference or Workshop Item
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Year: 00/00/2012
Abstract: Malaysian families today are facing numerous challenges related to changing family relationships, values, need for work life balance and support systems. Some of these key challenges are as a result of a new family forms, postponement of marriage, declining fertility and effects of inflation on family economic stability. At the same time, the impact of globalization has led to different values accepted by the young. Indeed, the challenges that Malaysian families will be facing in the future will be enormous. Despite changes in the structure, families remain the most basic unit of society and this has led to the formulation of the National Family Policy (NFP). The NFP seeks to increase the family perspective in all socio-economic development design by engaging the public, private and people sectors. The Ministry of Women, Family and Community Development through National Population and Family Development Board (NPFDB), lead the family programme which includes formulation, review as well as getting the commitment of all stakeholders. Current programmes were value added based on knowledge and information from censuses, surveys, opinion polls, local views and assessment of programmes.
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Gaya datuk nenek masa kini
Item Type: Conference or Workshop Item
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Year: 00/00/2012
Abstract: Based on conversative views of grandparents, grandparents are individuals who have gray hair, weak, wearing glasses and sitting on a rocking chair. Nevertheless, advances in health and socio-economic conditions have led to healthy, highly educated, still working and active seniors. Statistics show men and women spend longer time as grandparents (25years) compared to being parents with responsibilities to children (18 years). Research indicates there are substantial benefits to children interacting with grandparents. This slide presentation discuss about style of grandparenting today.
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Social and economic aspects of elderly in Thailand
Item Type: Conference or Workshop Item
Editor:
Year: 00/00/2012
Abstract: Thailand is already an aging society. About 14% of population are elderly. Using a national survey, it can be shown that 16% of elderly households in the rural area have substandard living condition. The majority of elderly (60%) rely on remittance for their living. About 20% of elderly have to work for living and only 4% have government pension. Thailand is now organizing a National Saving Fund to promote saving for retirement. Another national survey finds that 80% of population want to save for their retirement but only 48% think that they can make regular monthly saving. This is consistent with another survey which finds that 50%-60% of elderly actually prepared themselves physically and mentally into the elder period. Elderly are less happy than the young. They are quite healthy, about 90% of those in the 65-74 age group can take care of themselves. It was quite normal in the Thai culture that children take care of their old parents. Above 80% of population expect that their children will take care of them physically, mentally, and financially when they become old. Taking care of old parents is something done by daughter. About 45% of elderly who are older than 94 years are taken care by daughter or daughter-in-law, another 38% take care of themselves. UN projects that Thailand will have 20 million elderly in the next 20 years which makes the elderly account for 26% of population or 45% of working age population. Without income security and long term care schemes for elderly, it would be very difficult for children to take care of their parents.
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Productive aging - role of NGO
Item Type: Conference or Workshop Item
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Year: 00/00/2012
Abstract: Butler and Gleason (1985) define productive ageing as “the capacity of an individual or a population to serve in the paid workforce, to serve in volunteer activities, to assist in the family and to maintain himself or herself as independent as possible.” USIAMAS is a non-governmental organization (NGO), registered in 2002 with the Registrar of Societies. It is a non-profit and welfare related organization whose members are senior citizens themselves. USIAMAS was formed with the objectives of being a smart partner or consultant to government, corporate and other volunteer bodies who share the same mission and vision of planning, implementing, coordinating, evaluating policies, projects and programs for the wellbeing of senior citizens towards quality and meaningful life. Among the various programs run by USIAMAS to support productive ageing are seminars, capacity training programs for volunteers and with the cooperation of the Social Welfare Department of Malaysia manages an Activity Center for Senior Citizens in Kompleks Penyayang Sungai Buloh. USIAMAS was honored to be chosen by HELPAGE Korea to implement a pilot project on home-help in 2005. Home-help is a community support program aimed at ‘recruiting, developing and deploying volunteers to make regular visits as informal companions and soft-skilled caregivers to older persons staying in their homes.’The normal duties of a volunteer in a home-help program include ‘personal grooming, running errands, feeding, reminders on medication, writing letters, accompanying them on recreational activities, visit to hospitals, banks or supermarkets’ More often the mere art of listening and responding to the needs of older persons will help to overcome their feelings of ‘rejection, isolation, boredom and loneliness’. The pilot project which commenced in 2005 has now been extended to Negeri Sembilan and Melaka with the support of the Social Welfare Department of Malaysia.
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Innovative programs and services to enhance family well-being: Malaysia's experience
Item Type: Conference or Workshop Item
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Year: 00/00/2012
Abstract: Families constantly face new pressures and challenges due to rapid Industrialisation, modernisation and globalisation. Globalization in general brings benefits to families but it also creates risks and challenges that must be anticipated and adapted to. Hence, we have to be alert and responsive to future challenges that families will face and equip them with the necessary knowledge, skills as well as provide the needed services. As family is the most fundamental and important social unit, commitments at the highest level should be sought. Family well-being in Malaysia has been affected positively or negatively by development. Currently, Malaysian families face many challenges as a consequence of the changes in its structure, the increase in the proportion of nuclear families and changing lifestyles. Adaptations will have to be made so as not to lose the family support system, such as for child care, care of the elderly and the infirmed. Hence, the 3P Approach (Public, Private and People) which involves the partnership of multiple stakeholders such as the government, civil society and CSOs in ensuring that the present and future generation is more peaceful, secure, tolerant, prosperous and sustainable is most paramount in nation building. There are various innovative initiatives that have been undertaken in strengthening the family institution such as the National Family Policy, 1Malaysia Family First (1MF1st) and 1 Malaysia Youth and Empowerment Support (1MYes) under the National Blue Ocean Strategy, Strengthening of Marriage Institution (SmartStart Pre-Marriage Program), 1 Stop Family Centre, family education programmes such as KASIH Modules, Parenting@Work, Smart Belanja@Lppkn, Lppkn@Community and counselling programmes. Realizing that the happiness of the people and wellbeing of the family is an important goal in becoming a high income country by 2020, the government is developing its own model of the United Nations World Happiness Index. Currently, Malaysia is placed 51st among 156 countries. Meanwhile, a National Family Wellbeing Index developed by the Ministry Of Women, Family and Community Development through the National Population and Family Development Board in 2011 found that the Family Wellbeing Index is 7.55 out of 10. The Family Well-Being (FWB) Index consists of seven domains; Family Functioning, Economy, Health, Safety, Community, Religion and Spirituality, and Housing and Environment. The FWB Index indicates that Malaysian families have a relatively high level of wellbeing but more still needs to be done.
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The Philippine pension system: promoting fairness and sustainability
Item Type: Conference or Workshop Item
Editor:
Year: 00/00/2012
Abstract: This paper presentation about sharing knowledge on the retirement system in the Phillippines, currently characterized by a four-pillar structure. The first pillar refers to social assistance programs created to address the needs of the elderly poor. The second pillar covers the following mandatory defined-benefit programs: (i) the Social Security System (SSS) for private sector workers, (ii) the Government Service Insurance System (GSIS) for public sector workers, and (iii) the Armed Forces of the Philippines Retirement Service Benefit System for the military, which altogether cover about 79% of the labor force. The third pillar encompasses mandatory defined contribution programs, which can be further expanded. The fourth and final pillar covers voluntary pension programs, involving various forms of savings instrument. Because the pension system is fragmented, contributions and benefits vary depending on the program.
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Social protection for the older people in Vietnam: challenges and reform options
Item Type: Conference or Workshop Item
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Year: 00/00/2012
Abstract: This paper aims to argue that the Vietnamese population has been aging more quickly than expected, and as such policies toward an aging population, particularly delivery of social protection services for the aged, should be well-prepared from now in order to have older and wealthier population in the coming decades. The paper shows that the social protection schemes in Viet Nam, especially pensions and social allowances, have expanded and reached various groups of old-age persons and played an important role in reducing old-age poverty. Yet, there have remained a number of challenges that will substantially influence the current system in term of financial sustainability and generational equity. For the pension scheme, the paper argues that the current setting will not be financially stable and generational equity and as such it should be transformed toward a new setting. For the social allowances, a universal cash transfer program for older people would be influential and cost-saving in terms of poverty reduction.
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Keibubapaan datuk nenek - terokai keindahannya? menguruskan konflik intergenerasi
Item Type: Conference or Workshop Item
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Year: 00/00/2012
Abstract: This topic discusses conflicts that occur involving intergeneration. Among the conflict that occur are in term of acceptance (as a non-son/daughter-in-law of choice), trust (ability to look after the child’s welfare) and confidence (do not wanting the heirs to be ‘damaged’). Some of the steps that can be taken to overcome this conflict are to understand the roles and responsibilities of each as well as perform the role with full responsibility and tolerance.
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Home care for older people in ASEAN member countries
Item Type: Conference or Workshop Item
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Year: 00/00/2012
Abstract: It is estimated that population of over 60 years in the South-Asia will triple between 2000 and 2050. By 2050, one out of four older people will be over the age of 80. This causes a growing need for welfare and health services for older people. However, the traditional family support system is under pressure due to the trend towards nuclear families, prevailing migration of children and increasing participation of women in the workforce. In most developing countries, the lack of appropriate programmes, policies and financing places further strain on an already stressed family system. In order to meet the growing needs of “CARE” services for older people in the community, HelpAge Korea have implemented HOME CARE project under the ROK-ASEAN Cooperation Project, which provides basic social and health related care services for older people who are poor and having difficulties of ADL at their home by volunteers. The HOME CARE project has been implemented in collaboration with government, non-government organizations and community people in 10 ASEAN member countries for 9 years from April 2003 to May 2012. The presentation shares the outcomes of HOME CARE project that has been successfully conducted in terms of developing localized model, strengthening GO & NGO collaboration for the expansion and influencing GO to integrate HOME CARE into policy framework. HOME CARE is one of community based care system to reduce the burden of the society and to improve the quality of life of older people. However, in responding to the need of vulnerable older people, there is no single solution but a series of care system is necessary. The presentation shares the future plan of ROK-ASEAN Cooperation Project on COMMUNITY BASED SERVICES of HelpAge Korea.
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Meeting the needs of older Malaysians: expansion, diversification, and multi-sector collaboration
Item Type: Conference or Workshop Item
Editor:
Year: 00/00/2012
Abstract: The older population in Malaysia grew from 0.5 million in 1970 to almost 2.3 million in 2010, making up about 8% of the current total population. By 2020, one in ten Malaysians will be an older persons aged 60 years or over. Older Malaysians are a heterogeneous group with diverse demographic, socio-economic, cultural and religious characteristics. This paper assesses the adequacy, affordability, sustainability, equitability, predictability and robustness of current policies, programs and services to meet the needs of the ageing population in Malaysia. Based on the World Bank’s multipillar pension taxonomy, the analysis will focus on the social assistance scheme for the elderly (BOT), Pay-as-you-go financed state pension (JPA) and defined contribution funds (EPF). Between conditional cash transfers and mandatory retirement savings, the central role of informal support systems in old age has often been overlooked. Result from the past studies have shown that the family has played a central role in providing care and support for aged in Malaysia. A majority of older Malaysians still co-reside with their adult children and receives financial assistance from them. Older Malaysians today are living longer, better educated and wealthier and they will become consumers of a burgeoning silver industry. Balancing social and economic priorities in national development is a challenging task, but the two goals are not mutually exclusive. My topic focus on welfarism or paternalism will continue to render ageing populations as a dependent population, instead of empowering them. An inter-dependence approach, rooted in a mix of individual responsibility, family obligations, active civil society and state provisions (regulatory and non-regulatory), will enable a more broad-based and sustainable solution to meet the present and future needs of the elderly.
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Predictor of successful Intra Uterine Insemination (IUI) treatment for infertile couples treated at a Malaysian clinic
Item Type: Conference or Workshop Item
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Year: 00/00/2012
Abstract: The purpose of the study was to determine prognostic factors that affect the success rate of Intrauterine Insemination (IUI) as well as association of prognostic factors with success rate of IUI treatment for infertile couples. A retrospective cohort study investigating the prognostic factors affecting success of IUI was done at National Infertility clinic. A total of 1585 couples involving 3249 IUI cycles with ovarian stimulation using clomiphene citrate and/or human menopausal gonadotrophin (HMG) were recruited from lst January 2000 till 3lst December 2006. The pregnancy rate per cycle and per couple was 3.7% and 7.4%, respectively. Logistic regression analysis had determined three prognostic variables as regards pregnancy namely as duration of infertility a = 0.002), interval of menstrual cycle a = 0.00025) and sperm count a = 0.016). The percentage of women successfully pregnant after cycle one till cycle 5 IUI were ranging from 3.4% to 4.8%. Results showed that no pregnancy occurred after the sixth cycle of IUI. The result suggests that duration of infertility is of utmost important determinants of an infertile couple in view of IUI success rate.
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Indikator kesejahteraan keluarga
Item Type: Conference or Workshop Item
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Year: 00/00/2012
Abstract: Family well-being is a multi-dimensional concept that covers various aspects of an individual or family's living situation. To date, there is no specific measure that can describe the state of family well -being in Malaysia. Thus, the Ministry of Women, Family and Community Development through the National Population and Family Development Board (LPPKN) and the International Islamic University of Malaysia (IIUM) has implemented a research project called the Study of Family Well -Being Indicators in 2011 to understand more comprehensively about family well -being where at the end of this project, an index will be developed. In total, after going through several formative processes such as literature review, focus group discussion and pilot study, there are 7 domains and 23 indicators have been identified. The development of such domains and indicators of family well-being has focused on subjective well-being where each family is asked to provide an assessment on certain aspects related to their family. The study was conducted on 2,808 households involving a total of 5,616 respondents, consisting of 1,484 fathers, 1,324 mothers and 2,808 adolescents aged between 13 to 24 years. The selection of households in this study has used stratified random sampling method and done by face -to -face interviews. The results show that the Family Well -Being Index is at 75.5 which means that the well -being of Malaysian families is quite high. The Family and Religion/Spirituality domain recorded the highest domain score of 82.5. This was followed by the domain scores Family and Community (78.3), Family Relationships (78.2), Family Safety (73.9), Family Health (73.8), Family and Environment (72.8) and Family Economics (69.0). Based on the results of the IKK study, some suggestions that can be taken into account to improve the level of family well -being are to improve family living standards, increase family resilience, balance work and family demands as well as increase awareness on family safety.
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Bantuan sokongan dari wanita kepada ibubapa dan ibubapa mertua
Item Type: Conference or Workshop Item
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Year: 00/00/2012
Abstract: This study investigated ethnic diversity and other influencing factors among Malaysian women in Peninsular Malaysia in providing tangible support to their parents and parents-in-law. Data from the Women Sample of Malaysian Population and Family Survey (2004) was utilized. Tangible support was defined as either co-residing with parents (or in-laws), or financial/material transfers. Using logistic regression, we estimated the support to parents and parents-in-law separately. All possible pairwise interactions were tested using likelihood ratio test and Wald statistics, and significant interactions were added into each main effects model. Results revealed ethnic diversity in support. More offspring of women reduced support to parents only, while higher socioeconomic status of women increased support to both parents. Results also revealed that most divorcees co-resided with parents. Overall, most Malaysian women provide support to both sets of parents. Social policy should address opportunities for improving social mobility in women.
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Perkongsian pengalaman tok ma tok pa
Item Type: Conference or Workshop Item
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Year: 00/00/2012
Abstract: This presentation shares experiences on how to empower family institutions as well as how these changes are impacting the current scenario such as increasing social or negative symptoms. A new culture that is not filtered to the family. The institution of the family is increasingly challenging, parents are unaware of the condition of the children. Parents, grandparents and the community are unprepared from the knowledge, mentality and awareness to cope with new scenarios. Actions that can be taken to cope with the transition of new scenarios are through continuous learning for parents, grandparents and the community, creating a mutually supportive growing environment, enabling grandparents to assist in parenting, more integrated, more knowledgeable and sustainable family governance and a more caring community.
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Civil society and family well being: sharing of experience
Item Type: Conference or Workshop Item
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Year: 00/00/2012
Abstract: Focus on the Family Malaysia is a non-profit organization set up with a clear vision to strengthen families. The vision of focus on the Famliy Malaysia is to enriched families and communities nationwide. Meanwhile, to assist families to gain practical skills and support at the same time to equip and strengthen their relationship through the program like bonding program. For example, Father & Son Adventure Camps, Mother & Son Connections, Father & Daughter Banquet and Mother & Daughter connection. This program is design to help enhance relationships and foster a greater understanding between parent and child. Besides, No Apologies program, is a character-based abstinence program for youths aged 13-24 years as well as providing support for individuals and families through counseling.
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Keinginan kesuburan
Item Type: Conference or Workshop Item
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Year: 00/00/2012
Abstract: The decline in fertility rates in Malaysia is happening rapidly and it is expected that the rate will reach the replacement level (replacement level = 2.1) in 2015. A woman's desire/decision to have a child has a direct impact on the fertility rate and population growth. Thus, the study aims to identify the factors that influence women's desire to have children or do not need to be implemented. Data and Methodology: This paper presents the preliminary findings of the study Fertility at the Crossroad: Children Now, Later or Never conducted by LPPKN in 2012. This study uses a cross -sectional survey design method with a focus on women in the reproductive age group. 15-49 years working in the public sector in Kuala Lumpur, Putrajaya and Selangor. The method of data collection was through face -to -face interviews and self -administered using a questionnaire. Through stratified sampling method, a total of 98 public sector agencies were selected. To achieve the objectives of the study, the data obtained were analyzed using Descriptive Statistics, Chi Square and Logistic Regression (Forward LR Method). The dependent variable studied was the desire to have children (0 = do not want more children, 1 = want more children). While there are nine (9) independent variables studied namely age, ethnicity, education level, job grade (Management and Professional/Support), income, number of childbirths, pregnancy history (miscarriage/stillbirth/abortion), fertility problems and The husband lives far away. Findings: In total, a total of 1,898 data for women working in the public sector were analyzed. A total of 75.9% of respondents have a desire to have children. The results of Chi -Square analysis showed that the variables of age, ethnicity, income, number of births, pregnancy history, fertility problems and husbands living far apart had a significant relationship with the desire to have children. However, there is no evidence to suggest that post grade has a relationship with childbearing desire. Logistic regression test (Forward LR Method) showed that 57.8% of the variation in women's desire to have children can be explained by four independent variables, namely fertility problems, ethnicity, age and number of births. Conclusion: The results of the study found that women's desire to have children can be considered high. To support women's desire to have children, various forms of assistance/support should be provided by the employer/government. Among the main assistance/support needed are childcare centers at work, holiday facilities to care for sick children, subsidized childcare costs and full-paid facilities for children in need of special care.
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Fertility and religion in Malaysia
Item Type: Conference or Workshop Item
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Year: 00/00/2012
Abstract: This paper presents a summary of literature review on the subject of religious fertility differential for a research at the Institute of Graduate Studies, University of Malaya and initial results from investigations using the MPFS 41 (Peninsular Malaysia) data. Conceptual frameworks due to Davis and Blake (1956) and Bongaarts (1978) are used to construct a framework of data analysis using SPSS, concentrating on one-way ANOVA and Stepwise Multiple Regression. Next, the influence of religion on age-at-firt-marriage is compared to that of education level, pre-marital working experience and place of residence. Similar to studies done elsewhere, Muslims in Peninsular Malaysia have the highest fertility level and the lowest age at first marriage.
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Proses kaunseling keluarga di Malaysia
Item Type: Conference or Workshop Item
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Year: 00/00/2012
Abstract: Family counseling is one of the interventions in family services for built a healthy family in Malaysia. This is a qualitative case study of a variety of 'settings' aims to explore the phenomenon of family counseling process conducted by practitioners in Malaysia with an in-depth interview technique, observation and document analysis. Study participants in the study were 12 family counseling practitioners from three counseling service centers. This study has five research questions namely to (i) identify the type of cases handled, number of cases and causes of problems in the family counseling process (ii) identify the initial relationship in the family counseling process (iii) explore the family counseling process (iv) identify approaches and skills used in family counseling and (v) explore the impetus and challenges of the family counseling process among family counseling practitioners in various settings in Malaysia. Cross -case analysis method based on interviews, observations and document analysis on family counseling practitioners was implemented using Nvivo 8 software. In this study, 190 themes and sub -themes were produced from 12 study participants. The results show that there are some similarities and differences between the family counseling process in Malaysia and the process framework in Western countries. These similarities and differences occur at all levels of the counseling process, skills, use of techniques, application of theory, and challenges in practice. The results of the study also show that the family counseling process among practitioners in Malaysia is tied to the education and training received by the practitioner, the context of religion, culture, values and SES of the family and community in Malaysia. Therefore, this study contributes to the provision of family counseling process that is very necessary in strengthening the family institution and can be an intervention in building a generation of excellent Malaysian society.
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Kajian kesihatan reproduktif & seksual remaja
Item Type: Conference or Workshop Item
Editor:
Year: 00/00/2012
Abstract: The increase in reproductive and social health issues among adolescents has been hotly debated both nationally and internationally. Every day, Malaysians are presented with news on adolescent misconduct, especially those involving cases of abortion and out -of -wedlock pregnancies. Therefore, a specific study to look at the level of reproductive and sexual health of adolescents and the factors that influence it was conducted based on the results of the national level of adolescent health research. Methodology this cross -sectional study was conducted in 2010 using secondary data from the Adolescent Health Screening Form (BSSK/R/1/2008) which was filled by trainees of the National Service Training Program (NSTP) in 80 NSTP camps throughout the country. To achieve the objectives of the study, the analysis used is descriptive analysis, chi -square test and logistic regression using SPSS software. The parameters studied included socio-demographic characteristics (gender, age, ethnicity and level of education) and social characteristics (risky behavior, history of abuse, anti-social behavior, substance abuse, religion, and family relationships). While there are nine (9) SRH issues that were studied, namely masturbation, watching pornography, extramarital sex, multi -partner sex, STIs, homosexual tendencies, homosexual relationships, pregnancy and abortion. Results A total of 23,231 data were analyzed. Of these, a total of 22,750 respondents aged 18-24 years were screened for the purpose of study analysis. The results of the analysis showed that the issue of watching and reading pornographic material among adolescents recorded the highest percentage (39.5%) followed by masturbation (28.5%) and extramarital sex (6.5%). All socio -demographic factors studied had a significant relationship with extramarital sex, homosexual predisposition and abortion (p <0.05). Risk factors for extramarital sex are the age group of 20-24 years (OR = 2.710, SK95% 1.967, 3.759), risky behavior (OR = 30.495 SK95% 19.683, 47.427), involvement in substance abuse (OR = 12.33 SK95% 8,051, 18,891), anti-social (OR = 2,615 SK95% 2,206, 3,100) and ever abused (OR = 1,726 SK95% 1,389, 2,145). While the appreciation of religion is a protective factor for adolescents where the study found that adolescents who appreciate religion are twice as likely to have sex compared to adolescents who do not appreciate religion. There is no evidence to suggest that familial relationship variables influence adolescents to have sex. Conclusion overall it can be concluded that adolescent reproductive and sexual health issues need to be given serious attention. This is because the results of the study show that the trend of extramarital sex among adolescents which is a key indicator of the level of adolescent reproductive and sexual health issues has increased from 2.2% in 2004 (MPFS-4) to 6.5% in 2010. Therefore, multisectoral cooperation programs are needed to address this issue. The implementation of intervention programs should also be focused on high-risk adolescents such as having risky behaviors, anti-social and involved in cases of substance abuse. The planning and preparation of the program must also take into account the concepts and teachings of religion practiced in Malaysia through an approach that can be accepted by adolescents. Further studies need to be conducted more extensively taking into account other factors that have yet to be explored.
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Innovative programmes and service delivery that enhanced family wellbeing: sharing of experiences
Item Type: Conference or Workshop Item
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Year: 00/00/2012
Abstract: While India has been on the path of economic progress over the last decade, our health system is at crossroads today. Even though Government initiatives in public health have recorded some noteworthy successes over time, the Indian health system is ranked 118 among 191 WHO member countries on overall health performance. There are wide variations in health indicators across the States (11 states with a population of 60%, still have a TFR of over 3 whereas 6 states with 11.4% of the population have already achieved replacement levels of fertility of 2.1. Some of the flagship programmes to improve the availability of and access to quality health care, especially for those residing in rural areas, the poor, women, and children, have been National Rural Health Mission (NRHM) and Mahatama Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Act (MGNREGA). This paper discusses the sharing of information on the health system in India.
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A journey towards CSO sustainability & excellence
Item Type: Conference or Workshop Item
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Year: 00/00/2012
Abstract: This paper talk about leadership development towards organizational excellence or sustainability. This presentation reflects strengthening capacity of leaders among Reproductive Health, Family Planning, HIV, and AIDS organizations.
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Retirement planning: Dynamic and holistic approach in bridging the gaps and mitigating the risks
Item Type: Conference or Workshop Item
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Year: 00/00/2012
Abstract: Most of us will one day row old and frail. Some will be fortunate enough to be endowed with wealth and good health in retirement years. But others in fact many of us, some call it the 99% group, will not be so fortune. We may have wealth but not health. We may be healthy but not wealthy. Many will probably have enough income to put food and drink on the table, and roof over the head, but will there be enough to cover unexpected expenses? Can we depend on our children to financially and/or physically take care of us in our golden years? They too will likely be facing similar problems such as soaring costs of housing, children’s education, lifestyle upgrading, busy schedule and others making it less likely that we can depend on them for assistance. This paper discusses the needs as we age, identifies gaps that may occur and suggests the best ways for us to share and meet needs as individuals and as a nation. Retirement planning is dynamic and holistic. We are not just planning to build up wealth and good health, we must also plan to protect our wealth and health. When planning for retirement, all risks that we might face must be understood at the outset and strategies to mitigate them must be worked out.
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How internet and communication technologies affect both family and society
Item Type: Conference or Workshop Item
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Year: 00/00/2012
Abstract: This slide presentation shares about 65.1% Malaysians using the internet more than 9 hours. The population of internet users is 17.5 million out of a total of 28.6 million. Broadband penetration is 65% of the population in 2012. The positive impact on family is to enhance communication, strengthens relationships, enable parents to work from home and monitoring of children. Meanwhile, the negative impact on family are such as internet addiction, weakening family relationship, “narcissistic” behavior, excessive self-admiration especially among teens. Playing on the computer in the long term can lead to addiction, ill tempered nature and becoming antisocial. Children also can become more aggressive due to expose to violent games.
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A short summary of Pengasih
Item Type: Conference or Workshop Item
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Year: 00/00/2012
Abstract: This paper discuss about a short story summary of PENGASIH. Persatuan PENGASIH Malaysia is registered as an NGO in 1991. Our main activities for the past 22 years are Rumah PENGASIH which is a rehab and treatment centre for recovering addicts using the Peer-Pressure Community System. Seruan Kasih refers a continuous drug intervention and prevention campaign to students, youth and communities. Sidang Kasih is a monthly Family Support Group for family members of recovering users. Teduhan Kasih refers to half-way houses for recovering users to re-enter their mainstream societies by way of work, schooling and training. Finally, Khidmat Kasih is an economic projects towards self-sustenance for PENGASIH and members of PENGASIH.
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Income security systems in the Republic of Korea? Directions for development
Item Type: Conference or Workshop Item
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Year: 00/00/2012
Abstract: The four goals of public pensions - extension of coverage, provision of adequate benefits, an equitable share of costs between generations, and financial stability - are all important. However, as these four goals conflict and influence one another, it is difficult to attain them simultaneously. Therefore, it is necessary to compromise these goals at a certain level. National Pension in Korea has been developed within an astonishingly short period. However, coverage is still unsatisfactory and long-term financial state is unstable. These two issues seem to be the most urgent reform priorities. The former may be the most important issue because National Pension exists for the income security of people. Meanwhile, adequacy of benefit was partly relaxed through two reforms. Though long-term financial stability and equity between generations have been improved through some sacrifice of benefit level, these issues are still regarded as unresolved and need additional measures in Korea, one of the most rapidly ageing countries. In this paper, we examine the four major goals of National Pension, namely coverage, adequacy of benefit, inter-generational equity, and long-term financial stability. The coverage of the scheme should be extended and the average contribution period should be increased. Coverage must increase 10% by 2030 in terms of the ratio of old age pensioners to total old age people aged 65 and over. The benefit level of the National Pension may be targeted to 30% of average earnings in real term as of 2030. Other sources of old-age income can be from working, private pensions, and savings. For more stable finance and better equity between generations, we review four financial goals.
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Determinants of contraceptive behaviour among married women in Peninsular Malaysia
Item Type: Conference or Workshop Item
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Year: 00/00/2012
Abstract: Modelling the trends and patterns of contraceptive use have drawn great interests among researchers worldwide but the case is not so in Malaysia. This study models the relationship between contraceptive use and several socio-demographic factors that include age at first marriage, ethnic group, level of education, employment status, place of residence, and number of life birth, of married women in Malaysia. The objectives of this study are; to describe the trend of contraceptive behaviour according to socio-demographic factors that affect their decision in contraceptive practices and also to identify determinants of contraceptive use among married women in Malaysia. Based on the trend analysis, the study indicates that there is an increasing pattern of women delaying marriage. The general trend of contraceptive use also indicates that there have been changes in the behaviour of users according to selected socio-demographic characteristics across these surveys. Specifically, Malay women are more likely to practice family planning compared to Chinese and Indian women. The overall trend across ethnic group shows that Malay contraceptive users’ behaviour were in contrast with that of Chinese users in most aspects. Favourable contraceptive methods among Malaysian women were oral and traditional methods. Binary logistic regression was applied to identify the determinants of Malaysian women’s decision in birth control practice. Multinomial logistic regression was also applied to estimate the probability of favourable contraceptive method among these women in their contraceptive practice. Based on this study, it is found that among all selected socio-demographic characteristics, women’s employment had no significant effect on women’s decision in contraceptive practice and their choice of contraceptive method. This study has also discovered that women’s age, their age at first marriage, women’s desire to have more children, number of pregnancies, educational attainment, and ethnicity are determinants that significantly influence Malaysianwomen’s decision towards contraceptive practice and their choice of contraceptive method.
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Pengkelasan keberkesanan perancang keluarga menggunakan pepohon keputusan
Item Type: Conference or Workshop Item
Editor:
Year: 00/00/2012
Abstract: Awareness of the importance of family planning practices for a family institution in Malaysia began around the 1960s. In order to plan family size it is important to determine the appropriate and effective method of family planning. Therefore, this study was conducted to develop a best classification model and identify the factors of effectiveness of such methods and also for women who do not use any family planning method, factors that influence the effectiveness of non-use of methods are also identified. Classification techniques in data mining were used to obtain patterns of effectiveness of the family planning methods used. The classification techniques used are result trees J48, ID3, Random Tree, REPTree and Bayes classifier Naive Bayes. Secondary data from the fourth set of the Malaysian Population and Family Survey (MPFS) obtained from the National Population and Family Development Board (LPPKN) were used in this study. To obtain the best classification model, 10-fold cross validation method, Weka and Mynda applications were used. The test results found that the J48 result tree was selected as the best classification model because this model provides the highest accuracy values for both data sets of 87.83% and 80.42% compared to other techniques. The study has produced a decision tree that can generate a set of tips to identify the effectiveness of family planning methods used and a set of tips to identify the effectiveness of those who do not use family planning methods. In conclusion, this study does not cover women who are using family planning methods and it is hoped that future studies will cover the effectiveness of the method for women who are using family planning methods and make pattern comparisons based on MPFS 1, MPFS 2, MPFS 3 and MPFS 4 data sets.
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Strategi kelangsungan hidup pekerja asing warga Indonesia dan implikasi sosial akibat kehadiran mereka di Sabah
Item Type: Conference or Workshop Item
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Year: 00/00/2012
Abstract: Sabah's direction focuses on the development of 3 main sectors such as agriculture, tourism and manufacturing to drive the economy. As an agro -economy -based state, the 2010 census recorded 30 per cent of the total workforce engaged in the agricultural sector. As locals are not interested in seizing employment opportunities in the 3D -based agriculture and plantation sector (Difficult, Dirty & Dangerous), job vacancies are filled mainly by Indonesian workers as shown in data obtained from Temporary Work Visit Passes (TWVP). Certainly, their presence has social implications for the state of Sabah which housed 27.7 percent of the foreign population in 2010. Therefore, a micro study needs to be conducted to understand and analyze this situation. A joint study was conducted with NPFDB, in which a total of 896 respondents consisting of Indonesian workers from the plantation, manufacturing, construction, services and informal sectors were interviewed in a survey in the Tawau Division in 2010. In addition, primary data were also collected from interviews. Conducted among legal and illegal employees as well as based on the researcher’s observations. Interviews with government officials directly involved with the management and recruitment of foreign workers were also conducted. Secondary data were obtained from various government agencies in Sabah such as the Immigration Department, Manpower Department, Statistics Department, Health Department and Education Department. This study successfully identified 5 survival strategies that are often used by Indonesian workers to ensure the success of their migration, namely family networking, choice of residence, cultural adaptation and assimilation, economic survival and involvement in social and political institutions. Of course, the implementation of this strategy has a social impact on the local people. Important findings of this study show that most Indonesian workers come to Sabah with family members. Certainly the presence of spouses and children has huge implications for social facilities especially health and education. Therefore, there must be integration between the entry of foreign workers with Sabah's development planning, especially if the dependence on foreign labor continues until Sabah achieves the status of a technology - intensive economy in the future.
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Kontraseptif kecemasan: kesedaran dan penggunaannya
Item Type: Conference or Workshop Item
Editor:
Year: 00/00/2012
Abstract: Emergency contraceptive (EC) is one of the methods of contraception used after unprotected sex. With proper use, this method of emergency contraception can help reduce the problems of unplanned or unwanted pregnancies that have been frequent in recent times. The objective of this study was to identify women’s awareness of emergency contraceptive methods and their level of use. The research method involved the distribution of questionnaires to 1000 women, aged 15 to 49 years, who attended programs organized by NPFDB. Data collection and analysis was carried out using SPSS 11.5 software. The chi -square test was used to study the relationship between the sociodemographics of the respondents and the variables studied. The coverage of the study consisted of 84% Malay women, and was followed by Indians (9%) and Chinese (6%). The majority of respondents (43%) were in the range of 25 to 34 years, with a mean age of 33 years. Contraceptive use among respondents was found to be 26.3%, of which 98% were married women. The study found that women’s awareness of EC and its level of use was low, being only 29% and 3.9%, respectively. The chi -square test results showed that the level of awareness of EC increased with age (p <0.05). In addition, more highly educated women were found to have heard of EC (p <0.05) compared to low levels. Most EC users are from the married group. Nearly 70% of women who are using contraceptives are found to have used EC. Among women who have never used EC, only 21% are interested in using it in the future. However, the majority (70%) support this service provided at NPFDB. The lack of exposure on EC results in the number of women interested in using it being low. Therefore, NPFDB and related parties need to enhance promotional activities, advocacy and learning of emergency contraceptive methods, in addition to other methods, so that the community knows about it and can use it during emergencies.
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Population aging in China: features, challenges & strategies
Item Type: Conference or Workshop Item
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Year: 00/00/2012
Abstract: Global response to population aging is confronted by a series of severe challenges, for example retirement and medical/caring costs adds to fiscal burdens, population aging withers the labor force, development and aging problems intermingle as growth of the aged population mostly takes place in developing countries and poverty of the aged remains an acute problem. All these issues may only be addressed when national governments all over the world take the needs of the aged into full consideration in developing their social policies, establish specific strategies for responding to population aging and incorporate such strategies into long-term national development frameworks. Population aging also reflects the progress and achievement that the human society has made in extending life expectancy, improving mother and child health and helping women realize family planning. Seniors are more than just beneficiaries of social welfare. As producers, consumers, spreaders of traditional cultures, care-takers of children in their families and communities, seniors also play positive irreplaceable roles. A shared goal for us all therefore is to regard aging as an achievement, respond to age-related issues with a positive, optimistic and rational altitude, view skills, experiences and resources of the elderly as capital of the social development course, incorporate aging into our development agendas, promote positive aging and thereby construct a sharing society regardless of age.
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Indonesian labour migration to Sabah: causes and implications
Item Type: Conference or Workshop Item
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Year: 01/07/2011
Abstract: There is increasing interest among policymakers and researchers in the relationship between migration and development in low and middle income countries (United Nations, 2006). However, there remains a lack of empirical evidence on the impact of migration on economies of origin and destination, especially in Asia and Africa. This paper reports on one of the most substantial global migration corridors (World Bank, 2011) – that linking Indonesia and Malaysia. In 2009 it is estimated that migrants in Malaysia numbered 2 million, around a half of whom were Indonesians. It is based predominantly on a substantial survey of Indonesian labour migrants working in the East Malaysian state of Sabah undertaken in 2010. The paper begins with a brief discussion of contemporary thinking on the relationship between migration and development as a basis for examining the situation in Sabah. Some key features of the movement between Indonesia and Malaysia, especially that directed to Sabah, are then discussed. The economic contribution of Indonesian migrant workers is first examined in Sabah and then in the home areas of the Indonesian migrant workers. The paper then discusses the policy implications of these findings, especially in the Malaysian context.
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Persepsi penduduk tempatan terhadap kehadiran pekerja Indonesia di Bahagian Tawau, Sabah
Item Type: Conference or Workshop Item
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Year: 00/00/2011
Abstract: A total of 37 companies in Tawau, Semporna and Kunak were selected in this study which covers 4 sectors namely plantation, manufacturing, services and construction. This study uses a self-administered questionnaire. The majority of employers in all sectors were found to provide facilities and welfare such as accommodation (employees only), health and medical treatment facilities and insurance to their Indonesian employees. More than 80.0 percent of employers in all sectors fully fund facilities and welfare such as workers' insurance (94.4%), treatment and health facilities for workers with family members (88.6%), and shelter for workers (82.4%). This presentation slide describes the perception of employers who employ Indonesian workers.
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Kajian pekerja Indonesia di Bahagian Tawau, Sabah: rumusan dan cadangan hasil kajian
Item Type: Conference or Workshop Item
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Year: 00/00/2011
Abstract: There are several factors for the entry of Indonesian workers to Sabah, among them is finding a job, earn a higher income as well as proximity to the country of origin. Recommendations and measures to be taken are to improve the enforcement of existing policies and laws, for example not being allowed to bring family members for unskilled and semi-skilled workers, prompt repatriation for foreign workers staying beyond the period (5 years) and employers bearing the cost of delivery come back. The next step is to curb the entry of illegal workers or immigrants, especially through illegal entrances (border control). Employers need to give priority to locals to work by giving higher wage rates or salaries. The government needs to set a minimum wage in every employment sector and plan workforce requirements updated. The government needs to encourage employers to move to mechanization and automation, especially for the plantation sector to reduce dependence on labor (unskilled and semi -skilled). Lastly, government should provide guidelines for the residence of foreign workers and facilities in the workplace as well as undergo regular monitoring by relevant agencies, and also encourage socialization with local residents. This presentation slide will describe the issues and suggestions that need to be taken as a result of the study of Indonesian workers in the Tawau Division, Sabah.
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Kajian pekerja Indonesia di Bahagian Tawau, Sabah: pengenalan kajian
Item Type: Conference or Workshop Item
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Year: 00/00/2011
Abstract: The objective of this study is to identify the causal factors of entry and conduct socio-demographic analysis such as family, education, health, family planning practices, citizenship and socialization of Indonesian immigrants. The next objective is to study the perception of dependence on Indonesian workers as well as the impact of the presence of immigrants/Indonesian workers on the local population in terms of economy, security, family, culture, education, health, social and legal. The last objective is to identify the factors of hiring foreign workers, the process and costs of hiring, wages and employment, and the facilities provided by employers to foreign workers.
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Socio-economic correlates of fertility in Peninsular Malaysia
Item Type: Conference or Workshop Item
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Year: 00/00/2010
Abstract: To examine fertility trends and differentials among women in Peninsular Malaysia by selected socioeconomic variables which significantly influence the number of children ever born. A total of 3,697 ever-married women aged 15-49 were successfully interviewed in Peninsular Malaysia.
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Profil keluarga di Malaysia & kesannya kepada masyarakat
Item Type: Conference or Workshop Item
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Year: 00/00/2009
Abstract: Family institution in Malaysia is facing many changes and challenges. Functional families and the role of institutions is crucial to the development of human capital formation, human and potential development of each family members and influence the development and well-being of the people. Formation patterns and family relationships as well as family lifestyle can be seen in the demographic trends in Malaysia. Formation and family structure that encountered evolution has influenced some aspects of family life. Now family institutions are required to be more resilient in dealing with the challenges of life such as child care, dual-career couples, financial management, parenting teens and responsibilities to elderly parents.
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Penduduk dan keluarga: penemuan Kajian Penduduk dan Keluarga Keempat
Item Type: Conference or Workshop Item
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Year: 00/00/2009
Abstract: This paper discusses the important findings of the Fourth Population and Family Survey conducted by NPFDB in 2004. This study is the fourth in a series of Malaysian Population and Family Survey (MPFS) conducted every ten years since 1974. In 2004, this study was for the first time conducted simultaneously for the whole of Malaysia. In contrast to the previous MPFS, MPFS-4 interviewed households consisting of five (5) categories, (a) Women aged 15 to 49 years, (b) Husbands of married women, (c) Adolescents aged 13 to 24 years, (d) Citizens aged 50 years and above, and (e) single residents aged 25 to 49 years. This study aims to provide time series data related to demographic and socio-economic information in particular the relationship between population, family and human reproduction with development. The results of the study are used to evaluate the effectiveness of existing development programs and also used as input in the preparation of the Ninth Malaysia Plan (9MP). In this study data analysis was performed for the three areas separately. Among the important findings include: 1) Age structure of the population, 2) burden of dependents, 3) Delayed marriages, 4) Fertility, 5) Family planning, 6) Health practices, 7) Household composition, 8) Female labor force participation, 9) Child care, 10) The elderly, and 11) Adolescent social and sexual behavior.
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Families resilience and children and families of low income: maximizing opportunities through PERMATA ECEC Program
Item Type: Conference or Workshop Item
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Year: 00/00/2009
Abstract: PERMATA Early Childhood Education and Care (ECEC) Program in Malaysia was launched on the basis of evidence from research and practice which illustrates that early intervention through high quality program enhances children's social, emotional, spiritual, physical, and cognitive development. PERMATA is a child-focused, community integrated program with the overall goal of increasing school readiness in young children in low-income families, particularly in deprived areas. Despite its various learning outcomes, ECEC main underpinning goal is to produce generations of youth who are able to manage and regulate emotion, possess high EQ skill, and resillient in facing different challenges in life. Its long-term effect can be better understood as children develop into responsible citizens who will take a much more positive role in the society and are free of social ills that now seem to beset the country. This paper presents some strategies of best practices that have been applied in this program to foster and instill resilience in children mainly, increasing caring relationship, developing social competence, encouraging, self-help skills, create partnerships with family and community, and awareness of the existence and supremacy of God.
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Resilient families coping with sudden demise husband: an exploratory and empirical study of 50 nuclear urban middle class families in North India
Item Type: Conference or Workshop Item
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Year: 00/00/2009
Abstract: The paper offers research based Resilient Indian Family Template' culled from the coping practices adopted by 50 Nuclear Urban Middle Class Families in North India in the eventuality of sudden loss of husband. Convenient random sampling technique of data collection was employed for choosing the 50 families in question. Further interview and narrative methodology was used to elicit information from the families. Sudden loss of husband was accompanied by emotional and health problems for the surviving spouse, acute feeling of loneliness, decreased standard of living for the family, increased moral support from close relatives, children especially grown ups showing more restraint and responsibility in their habits and one member (in most cases it was wife) taking up income generating activity. Coping practices adopted by these families helped them rebound from crisis.
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Family functioning and child well-being amongst urban Malay single mother families: resilence despite challenges
Item Type: Conference or Workshop Item
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Year: 00/00/2009
Abstract: This study was designed to determine the contribution of risk and protective factors in predicting urban Malay single mother's family functioning and child well being. In addition, this study examine the moderating role of protective factors (risk x protective factor interaction) on the relationship between risk factors and family functioning and child well-being. Result highlight the role of protective factors in promoting better family functioning and child well-being and the extent to which protective factor buffer risk factors in the design of intervention aimed at strengthening family functioning and enhancing child well-being in urban Malay single mother families.
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ICPD + 15 and MDGS: Malaysia's achievement and challenges
Item Type: Conference or Workshop Item
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Year: 00/00/2009
Abstract: Population and development are inextricably linked. The ICPD helped place population concerns at the heart of sustainable development. Meeting the needs of women and men rather than on achieving demographic targets. Interrelationships between population, sustained economic growth and sustainable development: Population factors incorporated into development planning. Poverty alleviation programmes since the 1st OPP. This slides presentation is talk about ICPD + 15 and MDGS: Malaysia’s achievement and challenges.
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New Zealand indigenous people and resilience
Item Type: Conference or Workshop Item
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Year: 00/00/2009
Abstract: Indigenous peoples throughout the world have used strengths and resiliency to preserve the ongoing effects of colonizations and as tools for sovereignty. The 'Tangata Whenua' of New Zealand, along side other indigenous and minority groups throughout the world, continue to progress the development of their own cultural frameworks and models of practice. More recently in New Zealand, particularly within the health and social services sectors, 'tangata whenua' have begun to examine resiliency research and practices which contribute to the body of knowledge in the area of 'whanau ora', and the cultural capacities and capabilities which assist families to build resiliency and protective factors and processes. This presentation examines what has been learned from the theory and practice experiences of a 'Tangata Whenua' social work practitioner and trainer.
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Coping mechanisms of families in transition: insights from Kathmandu Valley, Nepal
Item Type: Conference or Workshop Item
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Year: 00/00/2009
Abstract: The main purpose is to document and analyze the families that are migrated to Kathmandu City during the decade long in surgency in Nepal and their coping strategies. With in the family the children were the most effected. The analysis indicates that families have used different coping mechanisms. One of that is surprisingly offering children for adoptions outside the country. Children under 18 comprise almost 50 percent of Nepal's populations. As research evidence shows more than 300,000 orphans are in Nepal. There are various reasons behind the increasing trend of orphan and abandoned children. It includes armed conflict, domestic violence, natural disasters and displacement. These reasons directly or indirectly have an influence on the structure, size and coping mechanism of families in Nepal. The other mechanisms are earning daily wages, leaving old members of the family back home, male and female out migration. There are important policy lessons can also be derived and as a result government and non governmental programs can be designed that will enhance the resilience of families in transition. The paper is structured in five sections. After a brief introduction, section one presents the Statement of Problem and Objectives of the Study. The second section presents the findings from a brief literature review. Third section presents the analysis and findings for the primary research. Fourth section is about structures and process that are required to enhance the coping mechanism of the families in question. The paper is concluded in the fifth section.
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Factors contributing to resilient attitude formation among excellent children from low SES single parent family
Item Type: Conference or Workshop Item
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Year: 00/00/2009
Abstract: The present study aims to identify the factors that contribute to resilient attitude formation among children who scored excellent results in UPSR. This study used a descriptive research design (Issac, 1995; Kerlinger, 1979). Samples were selected using purposive sampling since the study is only limited to single parent's family from low sosio-economic status (SES). Samples consisted of low SES single parents (mothers) from rural areas. This study was carried out in two phases; (i) structed interview with single parents (n=15) and (ii) handing out questionnaires and interviewing children (boys, n=6 and girls, n=9). The researcher has divided the interview into two types, namely the unstructured interview and the structured interview. Samples were interviewed and their stories were analyzed using the constant comparative method. Transcript data were coded and analyzed using the grounded theory approach (Strauss & Corbin, 1998). Recurring words, phrases and themes in the transcripts were coded commonalities and contradictions within and among the interviews were noted. While constantly comparing the data, themes and meanings were analyzed to develop theoretical, interpretations and implications of the data. After the data had been analyzed, results were compared with the literature to determine the degree to which the findings confirmed prior research.
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Understanding coping and resilience of children and adolescents
Item Type: Conference or Workshop Item
Editor:
Year: 00/00/2009
Abstract: The objectives of this paper are to identify and define key concepts and models related to stress, coping, and resilience amongst children and adolescents and also to make us mindful to area wise gaps in our evidence based practice in this context. Amidst the growing evidence that depression and other mental health issues are surfacing amongst children and adolescents in several societies, the author focuses on the transactional nature of coping and resilience and how children and adolescents process a variety of stresses that they see in their day to day lives. Given that children and adolescents attempt to cope well in stressful situations being a fact, the author considers constructing and reviewing this stressful experiences in a person-environment transaction context to be a useful strategy. The paper presents this strategy.
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Achievement and challenges in managing female adolescents guidance Centre: experience share from Raudhatus Sakinah Kelantan
Item Type: Conference or Workshop Item
Editor:
Year: 00/00/2009
Abstract: Adolescents today are exposed to various social ills such that they are easily influenced by unhealthy activities, be it directly or indirectly. Many of them have become victims of abuse, maltreatment, neglect, undue psychological stress, rape, incest and others. Raudhatus Sakinah (RS) was thus establish as an institution that provides shelter and guidance to female adolescents who become victims of these social ills. RS strives to offer help to affected adolescents by increasing the level of their confidence and abilities so that they may develop into individuals that contribute positively to society and religion. RS has been in operation since August 1998 under the administration of Wanita Pertubuhan Jamaah Islah Malaysia (WJIM). RS is an established ongoing project to help curb social ills in the society, with special attention to helping adolescents. RS was officially registered under the Care Centre Act 1993 with the Department of Social Welfare. Later in 2004, RS Kelantan was set up in Kota Bharu. RS Kelantan shelters up to a maximum of 25 adolescents girls at any one time. They have to go through a year of rehabilitation program which focuses on spiritual and self development syllabus besides life skills and recreation activities. This paper will focus on the five year experiences, achievement and challenges faced by RS Kelantan in running the centre.
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The effect of negative and supportive behaviors of their parents and friends on substance abuse risk among Korean adolescents and implications for family resilience intervention: gender differences
Item Type: Conference or Workshop Item
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Year: 00/00/2009
Abstract: Substances use among adolescents is particularly because early initiation of substance not only leads to many detrimental impacts on their lives but also is predictive of both increased use and more serious patterns of use in their adulthood. Thus, it is important to identify potential substance users and factors related to substance use because these efforts may provide important information to help adolescents who are at high risk for substance use. Many studies documented that parental alcoholism and peer substance use are the most predictive risk factors for substance use among adolescents. On the other hand, there is ongoing debate among researchers on the influence of social support from family and friends on substance use by adolescents. Also, individual factors such as self-esteem, emotional coping, and academic performance have been shown to be associated with substance use among adolescents. Unlike western society, little is known about gender difference in the prevalence and correlates of substance use among adolescents in South Korea. Accordingly, this study aimed to identify the prevalence of substance abuse risk among South Korean adolescents and to examine the effects of negative and supportive of parents on their substance abuse risk by gender. The participants were 1,981 high school youths between the ages of 16 and 19 years (mean, 17.69) residing in Seoul city. Data collection was conducted conveniently choosing high schools in Seoul. Participants completed a self-report survey which included measures of substances abuse risk of adolescent and his or her best friend (using a POSIT scale), parental alcoholism (using the CAST), supportive behaviors from either parent or friend (using multidimensional scale of Perceived Social Support), Rosenberg's self-esteem scale, COPE scale developed by Carver et al. and gender, age, perceived economic status and academic performance.
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Families exposed to poverty-asssociated and parent effectiveness service
Item Type: Conference or Workshop Item
Editor:
Year: 00/00/2009
Abstract: Economic problem ranks highest as a source of family stress among the poor families which are often addressed with functional coping activities such as borrowing money, getting extra job or overtime work. Frequently, loans are availed of from relatives, employer or co-employees, friend and "5-6" lenders. Oftentimes, earning children and close relatives offer support or are tapped in times of financial crisis. Likewise, there is a thin line interfacing economic problem with situational and relationship stressors such as spouse having vices of drinking alcohol, misunderstanding about house rules and differences in discipline children, spouse's in difference; children misbehaviour, work related pressures and wife's nagging and etc. by and large, these families exposed to proverty-associated risks still value family life and spirituality tend to permeate their response towards difficulties. Efforts at addressing the socio-economic conditions and other concomitant problems of these families should be seen within the family framework. In this context, Parent Effectiveness Service (PES) is being implemented by an NGO in six (6) poor villages in a rural area in the Philippines alongside with other service. The main reference for the conduct of parent effectiveness sessions is the Manual on Effective Parenting developed by Department of Social Welfare and Development (DSWD) and UNICEF Philippines. Each module was written with the end-in-view of what Filipino parents need to know to better preserve the family. Despite the slow implementation, there are promising signs thet PES can serve as a preventive program that builds and strengthen the families to transcend proverty-associated risks when facilitated by professional helpers, specifically the field social workers. Awareness and raising the consciousness of parents on their role in childs socialization and it's implication to upholding society's convictions, values systems and norms are necessary in achieving a wholesome family and community life. Moreover, it is also a venue to identify and assess family functioning that may need imperative and appropriate social work intervention. Thus, interventions for children and the youth, women and the elderly should be within the framework of a family orientation to ensure integration rather than fragmentation of program efforts.
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The changing age structures of population and their implications for development: the case of Malaysia
Item Type: Conference or Workshop Item
Editor:
Year: 00/00/2008
Abstract: The transition from a regime of high mortality and high fertility to one of low mortality and low fertility in Malaysia is a relative recent phenomenon compared to the experience of developed countries. Unlike most developed countries where the demographic transition occurred in the early or mid-nineteenth century, in Malaysia the transition started in the immediate post World War II period, beginning with a reduction in mortality. The crude death rate in 1947 was about 20 deaths per thousand population, which has since declined drastically to a very low level of 4.5 deaths per thousand population in 2006. At present, the crude death rate in Malaysia is much lower than those of the developed countries. Such rapid decline was due to the availability of modern medical and health facilities besides the general improvement in socio-economic conditions of the country. This very low rate is attributed to the young age structure of the Malaysian population.
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"Helping the husband, maintaining harmony" : the share of Indonesian women in family decision making
Item Type: Conference or Workshop Item
Editor:
Year: 00/00/2006
Abstract: The perceived role of women in the family is to be a good wife, mother, housekeeper, manager of family resources and household activities. Men are to provide financial support. But in many occasions, especially under poverty condition, women are compelled to work outside the house for additional family income. Women see this as helping the husband, even though many women are the sole breadwinner of the family. However, work outside the house does not reduce the expected role of women. In the meantime, women carry double burden of taking care of the family matters and family income. Further, due to culture and religious believe, women are also expected to maintain harmony, related to husband-wife relationship. In conflict situation, it is the women who should give in and follow husband's wishes and need. This kind of belief/principle is a potential for domestic violence. This paper aims at presenting quantitative and qualitative findings on husband-wife's relationship, women's household autonomy, perception about domestic violence and refusal to have sex with husband. Data are derived from author's research finding in 1996 and the recent 2002/3 Indonesia Demographic and Health Survey. The paper also provide ways to protect women through the provision of NGO services, integrated medical centers, police women's desk, and the Law on Anti-Domestic Violence number 23 of 2004.
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Indicators on Family Well-Being
Item Type: Conference or Workshop Item
Editor:
Year: 00/00/2006
Abstract: With globalization, challenges facing the Filipino families have become more complex. Families try to cope with these challenges the best way they can, and, in the process, endangers the cohesiveness of families with children the hardest hit victims of such conditions. Governments try to provide programs and interventions to help families but oftentimes, these interventions are not sufficient since the problems are more deeply-rooted in the family system and is something that mere provision of services cannot simply address. And yet, the family remains to be an enduring institution in Philippine society. It is for these reasons that a study on possible indicators on the well-being of the Filipino family was conducted to track changes on family life over time. Family stability, parenting effectiveness, social responsibility, and rights perspective were the four major rights initially identified and discussed. This study is expected to lead towards the development of a score card for the Filipino Family Well-Being which can be done on a periodic basis.
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Protecting and strengthening families: challenges and strategies - Malaysian perspective
Item Type: Conference or Workshop Item
Editor:
Year: 00/00/2006
Abstract: Over the past decade rapid transitions in Malaysian family structure and family life have occurred due to globalization, industrialization and socio-economic development. Education, economic activities, infusion of cultures, religion, migration, urbanization plus improvements in living standards all tend to have an impact on families and loosen the traditional structure. Some of the key changes that have reshaped Malaysian families include a smaller family size due to declining birth rate, increase in nuclear families, rise in marital break-up and single parent households and increased participation of women in the labour force by women. The traditional picture of a male breadwinner and female homemaker characterizes a smaller proportion of Malaysian families today. This paper focuses on the profile, issues and challenges confronting Malaysian Families, marriage, family relationships, need for balancing work and family life, role of father and impact of technology on the family. The role of the family in Malaysia is very crucial as the development of the human potential is a key component of the nine challenges as promulgated in Vision 2020. Various promotive, preventive and advocacy programmes and activities have been initiatives undertaken together with NG0s, the private and public sector as well as education and training institutions to ensure the strengthening of the family unit as well as helping families cope with the demands of contemporary living.
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Recent changes in Korean families: demographic, social and cultural perspective
Item Type: Conference or Workshop Item
Editor:
Year: 00/00/2006
Abstract: This paper deals with recent changes in Korean families from diverse perspectives. Demographic conditions affecting family structure and family life in contemporary Korean society can be characterized as lowest-low fertility and speeding aging. Fertility in Korea drastically dropped to 1.08 of total fertility rate in 2005, one of the lowest records in the world. On the other hand, as a result of lowering fertility in part, aging has been proceeding too rapidly to adapt to new social environment. If aging continues with the current speed, it is easily predicted that Korean people will face financially unprecedented burden to support elderly within a short time. Lowest-low fertility and rapid aging have been clearly observed since the 1997 economic crisis in Korean society. In my view, Korean society has become an absolutely different society from that before the economic crisis. Not only social structure but also individual attitudes and behaviors and familial life had to be under restructuration right after the economic crisis. Thus, the economic crisis has to be regarded as a critical factor in recent family changes in Korea. Educational attainment for female has been expanded and comparable works for women have been increased. Thus, women had to have difficulties in finding marriageable men after the economic crisis. This has led to increasing age at first birth for both men and women, in other word delay marriage and family formation. Korean family has shown several new features in the late 1990s and early 2000s. One is the decreasing family formation. Another is increasing remarriage in Korea. Remarriage, in particular women's remarriage was negatively stigmatized according to a Confucian legacy to prohibit women's remarriage in traditional times. This custom has been remained for a long time. However, increasing divorce not only at younger ages but at middle and older ages has widened the possibility of remarriage for both men and women. Tolerance toward remarriage at the societal level has also greatly increased according to various family surveys. Even first-time marriage by men has been made with divorced or bereaved women. Another feature in contemporary marriage in Korea is a soaring international or interracial marriage, especially for Korean men. Single men in rural area have had so many difficulties in finding marriage partner because Korean women would not like to marry farmers or men residing in rural area. Under the shortage of marriageable women, rural men began to seek foreign bride, firstly from China and then Vietnam these day. Thus, more than one to ten marriages are now an interracial marriage in Korea. Changing demographic and familial conditions results in small size of family in Korea. The average number of household members is now less than three. On the other hand, one-person household is remarkably increasing in both urban and rural areas because of increasing divorce, deepening aging and increasing number of the female bereaved, and wide pursuit of independent life by younger generation. Also, with this trend, the proportion of female head of household is steadily increasing. However, female household heads are more suffering from poverty than male counterparts because of sex-discriminatory labor market, lack of women-friendly welfare policy and dual burden by the traditional patriarchal family system.
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Fertility transition in Asia in relation to family and population aging
Item Type: Conference or Workshop Item
Editor:
Year: 00/00/2006
Abstract: Declining fertility and increasing longevity have brought about remarkable shifts in the age structure of the population. Europe, Northern America and Australia/New Zealand initially experienced one of such inevitable demographic events, that is population aging. While the transition from the young-age population to the aging population occurred over a much longer period in the West, the speed of aging is much faster in low-fertility countries of Asia. This has now emerged as a new issue challenging many low-fertility countries in Asia, as it has implications for the family and caring for the older persons. This paper provides a general overview of the fertility transition in Asia and factors affecting the fertility decline. Focusing on low-fertility countries in Asia, the paper highlights the implications of low fertility on population aging. Various indicators of population aging, such as the changes in age structure, potential support ratio and feminization of the elderly population, are presented for a better understanding of the overall situation. Comparisons are made with Europe, Northern America and Australia/New Zealand to put forward the magnitude of the challenge. As the Asian region contains over 60 percents of the global population and has experienced a rapid decline in fertility, the absolute size of the older population is a major concern. While the overall population growth rate has been declining over time, the number of older persons is increasing at a rate at least twice as high. In addition to the increase in older persons, a gender disparity in the improvements in the life expectancy at birth is likely to be illiterate and living in poverty. Providing family support, health care and financial security are some of the contentious issues aging societies will face. There have been discussions concerning the possibility of increasing fertility in countries with below replacement fertility. It is, therefore, crucial for governments to plan for an aging society long before fertility reaches a very low level. Meanwhile, it is important for Asian countries to recognize the significance of aging problems and start formulating policies for the elderly given that it takes several decades for government old-age pension insurance schemes to mature and operate at full scale. It would be more difficult for families to care for their older members because families would be smaller, people would live longer and the migration of young adults would mean that families would fragment. the present trends present a major challenge to address the needs of families. It is, therefore, important to consider the present trends in designing social policies, put the family at the centre of any future social policy development and examine good national practices when designing a new approach to family policies.
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Delayed marriage and the fertility crisis in East and Southeast Asia
Item Type: Conference or Workshop Item
Editor:
Year: 00/00/2006
Abstract: The fertility transition in Asian Countries is part of the worldwide fertility transition and one of the most fundamental events of the last half of the 20th century. In general, this has been associated with greatly increased child survival and changes in the economy and society resulting from economic development. But there have been puzzling differences between countries. The fertility crisis used to refer to the countries with high fertility but now attention has shifted to those with very low fertility, a number of which are in Asia.
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Emerging role of daughters in the context of new challenges and opportunities of maintaining family system
Item Type: Conference or Workshop Item
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Year: 00/00/2006
Abstract: My paper is based upon a long term study of the role of educated working women in the maintenance and revitatlisation of the institution of family in India in the urban settings in the era of modernisation. The institution of family has been stressed due to the pressures of nuclearisation and/or downward mobility in urban India. It is more pronounced among the lower-middle and middle classes where the women belonging to these sections are making large scale entry into the spheres of modern education and age employment. It has affected the norms about marriage and family in many ways for women including increase in the age at marriage and remaining unmarried due to the imperatives of career of family responsibilities. But my study has resulted into the conclusion that there is increasing visibility of 'daughter supported families' where the working daughters are performing a) central, b) crucial, and c) useful role in maintenance of the family system inspite of their remaining unmarried. This is a significant change where failure of patrilineality is duly compensated by the constructive role of unmarried working daughters in the continuity of family system.
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Protecting and strengthening the family through National Family Planning Programme: Indonesia's experience
Item Type: Conference or Workshop Item
Editor:
Year: 00/00/2006
Abstract: Indonesia, similar to other countries in the region, has been experiencing problems that threaten family cohesiveness, such as: poverty, prolonged socio-economic crisis, modernization and globalization. If not addressed adequately these threats to family cohesiveness will also be potential threat to the development of human resources in Indonesia. Thus protecting the family becomes an important aspects for the development of the nation, requiring contribution of three major parties, namely: government commitment; family motivation; and community support. The paper examines the Indonesian government's efforts to protect and strengthen families through the national family planning program. The Indonesia's family Planning program was established in early 1970. After the ICPD 1994, the program has expanded its mission and dealt not only with contraceptive services and family welfare but also other aspects of reproductive health and reproductive rights as well, shifting its vision to become quality family, instead of small and happy family. High commitment of the Government towards promoting Family Planning and Welfare is expressed through legal policy aspects and the programmatic interventions.
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The development of antisocial behaviour in adolescence: child,family, peer and school influences
Item Type: Conference or Workshop Item
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Year: 00/00/2006
Abstract: This paper focuses on pathways to antisocial behaviour in adolescence, as well as resilience against antisocial behaviour, with particular attention being given to family influences on these pathways. Findings are presented from an ongoing, 23-year longitudinal study that has followed a large sample of Australian children from infancy to early adulthood thus far. Some of the important messages emerging from the three large reports completed between 2002 and 2005 are discussed, including: there is not one single pathway to antisocial behaviour, rather there are multiple pathways that can begin in childhood, adolescence, or early adulthood. Many children seem to embark on problematic pathways early in life, but there is considerable change at key transition points; the detection of sensitive periods of change can provide opportunities to intervene to help children move off problematic pathways; many at-risk children are resilient to the development of antisocial behaviour and we can learn from them what supports are needed; and finally, particular parenting styles can ameliorate or amplify the influence of child characteristics on antisocial behaviour.
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Protecting and strengthening the family: challenges and opportunies
Item Type: Conference or Workshop Item
Editor:
Year: 00/00/2006
Abstract: Findings from the Malaysian Population and Family Survey 2004. Perceptions of relationships among family members found that as many as 98.5% of women said they had good family relationships comprising 99% Malays, 98% Chinese and 95% Indians. A total of 99% of men also stated that they have good family relationships, namely 99.2% Malays, 98.0% Chinese and 98.2% Indians. Meanwhile, 99.3% of women who did not have financial problems stated that they had good family relationships compared to 98.3% who had financial problems.
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Interaction among family members: a Malaysian case study
Item Type: Conference or Workshop Item
Editor:
Year: 00/00/2006
Abstract: The perceived relationship among family members are 98.5% of women said that they have good family relationship while 99% of men said the same. Meanwhile, 99.3% of women who did not have financial difficulty stated that they have good family relationship compared to those who have financial difficulty represented by 98.3%.
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Country Statement (20)
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The 57th Session of The Commission On Population And Development, United Nations New York, 29 April – 3 May 2024
Item Type: Country Statement
Editor:
Year: 00/05/2024
Abstract: Malaysia like many other countries is becoming an aging nation due to declining fertility and increasing life expectancy. As 10.7 per cent of its population aged above 60 in 2020, Malaysia is expected to reach aged nation status by 2030. In this regard, Malaysia has revised its National Policy for Older Persons to enhance the integration of the elderly into society and introduced measures to boost the number of geriatricians and aged care health professionals under the National Health Policy for Older Persons. Malaysia's commitment to adolescent healthcare is evident in the National Adolescent Health Plan of Action (2015-2020) and the revised National Policy and Plan of Action on Social and Reproductive Health Education (2022-2025). These initiatives emphasize sexual and reproductive health education rooted in religious and moral principles across different settings and age groups. The Government also provides comprehensive health care services which includes contraceptive and sexual and reproductive health services that are integrated into primary health-care facilities nationwide. Family planning services are also provided by the National Population and Family Development Board of the Ministry of Women, Family and Community Development, NGOs such as the Family Planning Associations as well as private practitioners.
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The 56th Session of The Commission On Population And Development, United Nations New York, 10-14 April 2023
Item Type: Country Statement
Editor:
Year: 11/04/2023
Abstract: Education is a longstanding right enshrined in human rights and developmental instruments, including in the Plan of Action of the International Conference on Population and Development (ICPD). The ICPD Plan of Action also recognizes the key role of education in sustainable development, as well as the responsibilities of different stakeholders, particularly parents, in this regard. Investments in education systems are of utmost importance for population growth, as it empowers people to lead better, healthier and sustainable lives. For Malaysia, the education system serves as a fundamental component in our quest to be a developed nation, and in achieving the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). Strengthening of human capital through education is a priority to Malaysia, with the Government providing free education to citizens up to secondary level.
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The 55th session of the Commission on Population and Development United Nations, New York, 25-29 April 2022
Item Type: Country Statement
Editor:
Year: 00/04/2022
Abstract: Malaysia’s socio-economic development has been significant in transforming our economy from a low income to an upper-middle-income status. We have achieved significant progress in eradicating poverty and narrowing inequalities. However, the COVID-19 crisis has resulted in vulnerable households falling into poverty and hardship.
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The 54th session of the Commission on Population and Development: general debate on population, food security, nutrition and sustainable development
Item Type: Country Statement
Editor:
Year: 21/04/2021
Abstract: Malaysia’s population currently stands at 32,760,284 and is increasing at the rate of 0.6 percent per annum. Increased population increases food demand. Annually, Malaysia spends approximately USD8.33 billion (RM34.5 billion) on import of food supply, pointing to increased dependency food import purchases.
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The 52nd session of the commission on population and development:general debate on review and appraisal of the programme of action of the international conference on population and development and its contribution to the follow-up and review of the 2030 agenda for sustainable development
Item Type: Country Statement
Editor:
Year: 01/04/2019
Abstract: The population of Malaysia has increased more than three-fold from 10.5 million in 1970 to about 33 million today. the population was growing around 2.5 percent per annum for the period 1970-2000 but it has declined to 1.7 percent between 2010 and 2018.
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The 51st session of the commission on population and development :general debate on sustainable cities, human mobility and international migration, New York
Item Type: Country Statement
Editor:
Year: 09/04/2018
Abstract: Malaysia has taken the initiatives to systematically coordinate sustainable urban planning and development, with emphasis on a balanced development; physically, environmentally, socially and economically, such as through the introduction of the Safe City Concept, and Go Green Kuala Lumpur Car-Free Morning.
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The 50th session of the Commission on Population and Development: general debate on changing population age structures and sustainable development
Item Type: Country Statement
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Year: 00/00/2017
Abstract: This Country Statement address about four important sub-topics namely changing population age structures, fertility trends and initiatives, adolescents and youth as well as trends in working age population.
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The 49th session of the Commission on Population and Development on agenda item 4: general debate on national experience in population matters: "strengthening the demographic evidence base for the post - 2015 development agenda", New York
Item Type: Country Statement
Editor:
Year: 00/00/2016
Abstract: The Department of Statistics Malaysia (DOSM) has been responsible for undertaking the Population and Housing Censuses of Malaysia every years since 1970. The Census remains the main source of data collection aimed at providing a comprehensive set of statistical
information about the population in the country in terms of its size and spatial distribution, its demographic, social and economic characteristics as well as housing stock at a specific time
reference. The census provides essential information not only for policy development and planning, but also for managing, monitoring and evaluating programs and activities across a broad spectrum of sectors. The 2010 Census round utilized improved ICT technologies and new approaches in the different phases of the census operation. The emerging technologies are transforming the way the Census is conducted in terms of operations management, quality assurance, data capture, mapping (GIS, GPS), data processing and storage. With the ever increasing individual privacy and accessibility of internet, the e-Census was introduced in 2010. An internet based questionnaire for data collection, was found to be more effective to capture respondents mainly in large urban areas and the gated communities.
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The 47th session of the Commission on Population and Development on agenda item 4: general debate on national experience in population matters: assessment of the status of implementation of the programme of action of the international conference on population and development, New York, 8 April 2014
Item Type: Country Statement
Editor:
Year: 08/04/2014
Abstract: Malaysia shares the view that the current state of the world’s population is one of unprecedented diversity and change, reflected in new patterns of fertility, mortality, migration, urbanisation and ageing. The continuation and consequences of these population trends will present both opportunities and challenges for the formulation and implementation of the post-2015 development agenda and for the achievement of all internationally agreed development goals.
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The 45th session of the Commission on Population and Development at the general debate on national experience in population matters: adolescents and youth, New York, 24th April, 2012
Item Type: Country Statement
Editor:
Year: 00/04/2012
Abstract: The Government of Malaysia takes cognisance of the increasing importance of sexual and reproductive health needs of the adolescents and youths in Malaysia. Since Malaysia with its current population of 28.7 million has a relatively young population, where 27.6 percent of the nation's population is below 14 years and
another 20.2 percent between the ages of 15 to 24 years. With a large number of young people, efforts have to be made to harness this demographic dividend.
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The 44th session of the Commission on Population and Development on agenda item 4: general debate on national experience in population matters: fertility, reproductive health and development, 11th April, 2011
Item Type: Country Statement
Editor:
Year: 11/04/2011
Abstract: Fertility among Malaysian women is declining faster than expected due to the increase in the average age at first marriage for women that has risen from 24.7 years in 1991 to 25.3 in 2004. Malaysia's total fertility rate (TFR) is expected to reach the replacement level by year 2015. With more and more women participating in the labour force and prioritising career development, this has also led to many highly educated women choosing to marry late or not to marry at all.
Malaysia hopes to sustain the current fertility rate and not let it fall below replacement level. Sustaining the current TFR of 2.3 is one of the major challenges that has to be monitored as it can lead to contraction of labour supply, rapid aging of the population and other social implications.
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The 4th East Asia Ministerial Forum on Families, "safe and resilient families: protecting and empowering at-risk and high risk families", Kuala Lumpur, 7-10 November 2010
Item Type: Country Statement
Editor:
Year: 00/11/2010
Abstract: A family is a living, evolving institution, affected by socio-economic factors as well as by the changes that shape the social environment in which it functions. More often, the changes and transformations have brought both gains and losses to family institutions. Hence, the challenge today is to reinforce positive changes and secure those in the new environment, and at the same time, to mitigate the negative consequences of changes, without dampening the momentum for positive evolution.
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Malaysia country report at 4th East Asia Ministerial Forum on Families, "Safe and resilient families: protecting and empowering at-risk and high risk families", Kuala Lumpur, 7-10 November 2010
Item Type: Country Statement
Editor:
Year: 00/00/2010
Abstract: Malaysia recognizes the family as a natural and fundamental
social unit that provides valuable human resource and forms the
backbone for solidarity, security and nation building. Malaysia
believes in the importance of family development in line with the
objective of creating a caring society ; Family is PRIORITY NO. 1
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The 42nd session of the Commission on Population and Development on agenda item 4: general debate on national experience in population matters: contribution of the programme of action of the international conference on population and development to the internationally agreed development goals, including the millenium development goals, New York, 31st March, 2009
Item Type: Country Statement
Editor:
Year: 31/03/2009
Abstract: Malaysia has achieved most of the goals set in the ICPO-PoA, other
development goals including the MDGs in the areas of poverty reduction, universal education, reductions in maternal and child mortality, gender equality, and
environmental sustainability. The challenge for Malaysia is to maintain the momentum in
dealing decisively the remainder of the MOG goals especially in reversing the spread of
HIV/AIDS, and to identify the next set of priorities that will keep the nation moving ahead towards its ultimate objective of becoming a fully developed nation.
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Malaysian country report 3rd East Asia Ministerial Forum on Families 2008, "Strengthening family resilience: moving from policy to action"
Item Type: Country Statement
Editor:
Year: 00/11/2008
Abstract: Social policies and programmes affecting families have been revised and improved from time to time since Independence in 1957 to adapt to new challenges and needs of families. The importance of the family as a foundation for a strong Malaysia was first given prominence when Vision 2020 (now renamed the National Vision Policy–NVP) was announced in 1991 which strived to make Malaysia an industrialised nation by the year 2020. This vision recognizes that PEOPLE are the center of development and the critical element of this Vision is to produce citizens of good character embedded with an appropriate balance of suitable knowledge and skills and the inculcation of positive moral values, ethics and innovativeness. It particularly identified a “social system in which society will come before self, in which the welfare of the people will revolve not around the state or the individual but around a strong and resilient family system.”
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The 3rd East Asia Ministerial Forum on Families, "Strengthening family resilience: moving from policy to action",Bali Indonesia ,17-19 November 2008
Item Type: Country Statement
Editor:
Year: 00/11/2008
Abstract: The family institution performs multifaceted functions in the development and well-being of its members. In order to enable the family institution to fulfill its societal roles and responsibilities, it requires support from the state, civil society and from family members themselves. In this regard, it is essential that we examine
social services policies from the family and not just from the individual
perspective and whether they contribute towards the strengthening of
family resilience. Effective support and protection to families and their
individual members requires that services respond appropriately to the
needs that exist at different stages of the family lifecycle and the individual
lifespan.
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The 41st session of the Commission on Population and Development on item 4 : Population distribution, urbanisation, internal migration and development
Item Type: Country Statement
Editor:
Year: 08/04/2008
Abstract: Malaysia is currently experiencing an increase in population mobility mainly caused by industrialization and urbanization. Between 1970 and 2006, the proportion of population living in big cities (namely Kuala Lumpur, Penang and Johor Bahru) had doubled due to rapid urbanization mainly contributed by internal migration. Internal migration in Malaysia is gender, age and area selective, it is dominated by males mainly in the age group of 15 to 34 years, though female migration is expected to increase in the future.
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The 40th session of the Commission on Population and Development on agenda item 4: general debate on national experience in population matters: the changing age structures of populations and their implications for development, New York, 10 April 2007
Item Type: Country Statement
Editor:
Year: 10/04/2007
Abstract: The transition from a regime of high mortality and high fertility to one of low mortality and low fertility in Malaysia is a relatively recent phenomenon. similar to the trends in many developing countries, the demographic transition in Malaysia is characterized by rapid declined in mortality and moderate declines in fertility. The crude death rate has drastically declines from a high of 20.0 in 1947 to a very low level of 4.5 deaths per thousand populations in 2006. Such a rapid declines was due to improvements in the health sectors and higher socio-economic development in the country.
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The 39th session of the Commission on Population and Development on agenda item 4: general debate on national experience in population matters: international migration and development, New York, 5 April 2006
Item Type: Country Statement
Editor:
Year: 05/04/2006
Abstract: International migration, inter-alia, helps to ensure labour market flexibility and reduce labour market rigidity. At the same time, it must also be acknowledged that the impact of international migration, particularly low skilled foreign workers, on the receiving country's economy and society can be both positive and negative.
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The 38th session of the Commission on Population and Development on agenda item 5: general debate on national experience in population matters: population, development and HIV/AIDS with particular emphasis on poverty, New York, 5 April 2005
Item Type: Country Statement
Editor:
Year: 05/04/2005
Abstract: The Government of Malaysia acknowledges the vast impact of the HIV epidemic on the demographic profile of the country. It affects population growth, distribution and structure. It impacts upon widowhood with the concomitant increase in orphans among children and in the reduction of the reproductive years resulting in lower fertility.
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Infographic (93)
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Dapatan data subfertitli Kebangsaan bagi tahun 2023
Item Type: Infographic
Editor:
Year: 00/12/2024
Abstract: The collection of subfertility data involves all registered hospitals and clinics providing subfertility treatment services throughout Malaysia from January 1, 2023, to December 31, 2023. The collected subfertility data has been approved by NPFDB (LPPKN), including information on the profiles of new female and male clients (husbands) in the current year, as well as details of subfertility treatments carried out at the participating facilities during the same period.
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Penemuan tinjauan pendapat umum bersempena Sambutan November Bulan Keluarga Kebangsaan 2024
Item Type: Infographic
Editor:
Year: 00/11/2024
Abstract: In conjunction with the National Family Month celebration in November 2024, themed “KASIH Keluarga, Jiwa MADANI”, the Ministry of Women, Family and Community Development (KPWKM) through the National Population and Family Development Board (NPFBD) conducted a survey on the family situation in Malaysia from November 7 to 30, 2024. A total of 5,430 respondents, consisting of Malaysian citizens aged 18 and above, participated in this survey. The purpose of the survey was to gain a deeper understanding of the well-being, challenges, and perspectives of families in Malaysia, as well as to gain further insight into the social dynamics of families in the current context.
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Indeks Kesejahteraan Keluarga Malaysia (IKK) 2019 & 2022 : perbandingan skor keseluruhan, domain dan indikator (Malaysia dan Johor)
Item Type: Infographic
Editor:
Year: 00/11/2024
Abstract: The overall IKK score for Malaysia is 7.72 (2019) while the score for 2022 is 7.93. The overall score of IKK for the State of Johor is 7.85 in 2019 and the overall score of IKK in 2022 has increased to 7.88.
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Indeks Kesejahteraan Keluarga Malaysia (IKK) 2019 & 2022 : perbandingan skor keseluruhan, domain dan indikator (Malaysia dan Kedah)
Item Type: Infographic
Editor:
Year: 00/11/2024
Abstract: The overall IKK score for Malaysia is 7.72 (2019) while the score for 2022 is 7.93. The overall score of IKK for the State of Kedah is 7.79 in 2019 and the overall score of IKK in 2022 has increased to 8.04.
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Indeks Kesejahteraan Keluarga Malaysia (IKK) 2019 & 2022 : perbandingan skor keseluruhan, domain dan indikator (Malaysia dan Kelantan)
Item Type: Infographic
Editor:
Year: 00/11/2024
Abstract: The overall IKK score for Malaysia is 7.72 (2019) while the score for 2022 is 7.93. The overall score of IKK for the State of Kelantan is 7.43 in 2019 and the overall score of IKK in 2022 has increased to 7.97.
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Indeks Kesejahteraan Keluarga Malaysia (IKK) 2019 & 2022 : perbandingan skor keseluruhan, domain dan indikator (Malaysia dan Melaka)
Item Type: Infographic
Editor:
Year: 00/11/2024
Abstract: The overall IKK score for Malaysia is 7.72 (2019) while the score for 2022 is 7.93. The overall score of IKK for the State of Melaka is 7.99 in 2019 and the overall score of IKK in 2022 has decreased to 7.83.
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Indeks Kesejahteraan Keluarga Malaysia (IKK) 2019 & 2022 : perbandingan skor keseluruhan, domain dan indikator (Malaysia dan Negeri Sembilan)
Item Type: Infographic
Editor:
Year: 00/11/2024
Abstract: The overall IKK score for Malaysia is 7.72 (2019) while the score for 2022 is 7.93. The overall score of IKK for the State of Negeri Sembilan is 8.03 in 2019 and the overall score of IKK in 2022 has decreased to 8.00.
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Indeks Kesejahteraan Keluarga Malaysia (IKK) 2019 & 2022 : perbandingan skor keseluruhan, domain dan indikator (Malaysia dan Pahang)
Item Type: Infographic
Editor:
Year: 00/11/2024
Abstract: The overall IKK score for Malaysia is 7.72 (2019) while the score for 2022 is 7.93. The overall score of IKK for the State of Pahang is 7.70 in 2019 and the overall score of IKK in 2022 has increased to 8.19.
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Indeks Kesejahteraan Keluarga Malaysia (IKK) 2019 & 2022 : perbandingan skor keseluruhan, domain dan indikator (Malaysia dan Pulau Pinang)
Item Type: Infographic
Editor:
Year: 00/11/2024
Abstract: The overall IKK score for Malaysia is 7.72 (2019) while the score for 2022 is 7.93. The overall score of IKK for the State of Penang is 7.96 in 2019 and the overall score of IKK in 2022 has decreased to 7.84.
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Indeks Kesejahteraan Keluarga Malaysia (IKK) 2019 & 2022 : perbandingan skor keseluruhan, domain dan indikator (Malaysia dan Perak)
Item Type: Infographic
Editor:
Year: 00/11/2024
Abstract: The overall IKK score for Malaysia is 7.72 (2019) while the score for 2022 is 7.93. The overall score of IKK for the State of Perak is 7.17 in 2019 and the overall score of IKK in 2022 has increased to 8.23.
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Indeks Kesejahteraan Keluarga Malaysia (IKK) 2019 & 2022 : perbandingan skor keseluruhan, domain dan indikator (Malaysia dan Perlis)
Item Type: Infographic
Editor:
Year: 00/11/2024
Abstract: The overall IKK score for Malaysia is 7.72 (2019) while the score for 2022 is 7.93. The overall score of IKK for the State of Perlis is 7.99 in 2019 and the overall score of IKK in 2022 has decreased to 7.95.
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Indeks Kesejahteraan Keluarga Malaysia (IKK) 2019 & 2022 : perbandingan skor keseluruhan, domain dan indikator (Malaysia dan Sabah)
Item Type: Infographic
Editor:
Year: 00/11/2024
Abstract: The overall IKK score for Malaysia is 7.72 (2019) while the score for 2022 is 7.93. The overall score of IKK for the State of Sabah is 7.67 in 2019 and the overall score of IKK in 2022 has increased to 7.82.
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Indeks Kesejahteraan Keluarga Malaysia (IKK) 2019 & 2022 : perbandingan skor keseluruhan, domain dan indikator (Malaysia dan Sarawak)
Item Type: Infographic
Editor:
Year: 00/11/2024
Abstract: The overall IKK score for Malaysia is 7.72 (2019) while the score for 2022 is 7.93. The overall score of IKK for the State of Sarawak is 7.78 in 2019 and the overall score of IKK in 2022 has increased to 7.82.
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Indeks Kesejahteraan Keluarga Malaysia (IKK) 2019 & 2022 : perbandingan skor keseluruhan, domain dan indikator (Malaysia dan Selangor)
Item Type: Infographic
Editor:
Year: 00/11/2024
Abstract: The overall IKK score for Malaysia is 7.72 (2019) while the score for 2022 is 7.93. The overall score of IKK for the State of Selangor is 7.99 in 2019 and the overall score of IKK in 2022 has decreased to 7.87.
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Indeks Kesejahteraan Keluarga Malaysia (IKK) 2019 & 2022 : perbandingan skor keseluruhan, domain dan indikator (Malaysia dan Terengganu)
Item Type: Infographic
Editor:
Year: 00/11/2024
Abstract: The overall IKK score for Malaysia is 7.72 (2019) while the score for 2022 is 7.93. The overall score of IKK for the State of Terengganu is 8.10 in 2019 and the overall score of IKK in 2022 has decreased to 7.85.
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Indeks Kesejahteraan Keluarga Malaysia (IKK) 2019 & 2022 : perbandingan skor keseluruhan, domain dan indikator (Malaysia dan W.P Kuala Lumpur)
Item Type: Infographic
Editor:
Year: 00/11/2024
Abstract: The overall IKK score for Malaysia is 7.72 (2019) while the score for 2022 is 7.93. The overall score of IKK for the State of Kuala Lumpur is 7.59 in 2019 and the overall score of IKK in 2022 has increased to 7.99.
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Indeks Kesejahteraan Keluarga Malaysia (IKK) 2019 & 2022 : perbandingan skor keseluruhan, domain dan indikator (Malaysia dan W.P Putrajaya)
Item Type: Infographic
Editor:
Year: 00/11/2024
Abstract: The overall IKK score for Malaysia is 7.72 (2019) while the score for 2022 is 7.93. The overall score of IKK for the State of Putrajaya is 8.37 in 2019 and the overall score of IKK in 2022 has decreased to 8.02.
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Hari Penduduk Sedunia 2024 : “kuasa data yang inklusif ke arah masa depan yang berdaya tahan dan saksama untuk semua”
Item Type: Infographic
Editor:
Year: 00/07/2024
Abstract: Since 1994, the "data revolution" initiative has often been repeated including the UN Secretary General's call to equip countries with comprehensive data systems to achieve sustainable development goals. The main messages of World Population Day 2024 are progress in sexual and reproductive health, the importance of reliable population data, information gaps and the risk of data misuse, and the importance of inclusive data collection processes.
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Penemuan Tinjauan Pendapat Umum Bersempena Sambutan Hari Ibu 2024
Item Type: Infographic
Editor:
Year: 00/07/2024
Abstract: In conjunction with the 2024 National Mother's Day celebration, the Ministry of Women, Family and Community Development (MWFCD) through the National Population and Family Development Board (NPFDB) has conducted an online public opinion poll from 12 to 31 May 2024. With the theme "Terima KASIH Ibu", a total of 3,988 respondents consisting of mothers of Malaysian citizens aged 18 years and above who have children were involved in this survey.
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Penemuan tinjauan pendapat umum bersempena Sambutan Hari Bapa 2024
Item Type: Infographic
Editor:
Year: 00/07/2024
Abstract: In conjunction with the 2024 National Father's Day Celebration, the Ministry of Women, Family and Community Development (MWFCD) through the National Population and Family Development Board (NPFDB) has conducted an online public opinion poll from 12 to 30 June 2024. With the theme "Terima KASIH Ayah", a total of 1,238 respondents consisting of fathers of Malaysian citizens aged 18 and above who have children were involved in this survey.
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Penurunan Kadar Kesuburan Di Malaysia
Item Type: Infographic
Editor:
Year: 00/10/2023
Abstract: Total Fertility rate (TFR) is a demographic indicator used to estimate the average number of children a woman should give birth to during her reproductive period. The findings of a poll in Sarawak found that the total TFR for the state of Sarawak is decreasing drastically. 12.6% of couples have had or are experiencing fertility problems and it is difficult to conceive within a year after marriage.
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World Population Day 2023
Item Type: Infographic
Editor:
Year: 00/09/2023
Abstract: The World Population Day 2023 infographic shows Malaysia's Gender Gap Index in conjunction with the theme of the World Population Day 2023 celebration at the national level which is "Unleashing the Power of Gender Equality and Promoting the Rights of Women and Girls" and also an overview of data on women's rights and women's empowerment.
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Penemuan tinjauan pendapat umum bersempena Sambutan Hari Bapa Peringkat Kebangsaan 2021 "Bapa Pemimpin Keluarga Sejahtera"
Item Type: Infographic
Editor:
Year: 00/06/2021
Abstract: The findings of an opinion survey conducted by the National Population and Family Development Board (LPPKN) in conjunction with the National Father's Day 2021 celebration.
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Penemuan tinjauan pendapat bersempena sambutan Hari Ibu Peringkat Kebangsaan 2021 "Ibu Pelindung, Ibu Dilindungi"
Item Type: Infographic
Editor:
Year: 00/05/2021
Abstract: In conjunction with the National Mother's Day 2021 celebration, LPPKN conducted a public opinion poll through online survey. The objective of this study is to obtain the latest information related to mothers and family institutions in the country, especially in living the new norms of the Covid-19 pandemic.
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Penemuan tinjauan pendapat tekanan dan cabaran keibubapaan dalam mendepani gelombang baharu pandemik Covid 19
Item Type: Infographic
Editor:
Year: 00/03/2021
Abstract: This infographic is about of the findings of the Opinion Survey "Stresses and challenges of parenting in the face of the new wave of the Covid-19 pandemic".
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World Population Day 2021
Item Type: Infographic
Editor:
Year: 00/00/2021
Abstract: World Population Day is celebrated every year on July 11th aimed to raise public awareness of the population issues and challenges. The theme for this year’s World Population Day is “Rights and Choices are the Answer: Whether Baby Boom or Bust, the Solution Lies in Prioritizing the Reproductive Health and Rights of All People''. In this second year of COVID-19, strained health care system is happening globally, and has caused serious gaps and challenges in the provision of sexual and reproductive health information and services.
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Indeks Kesejahteraan Keluarga Malaysia 2019 (IKK 2019) Negeri Johor
Item Type: Infographic
Editor:
Year: 00/00/2021
Abstract: The Family Well -Being Index (FWBI) is a multi -dimensional benchmark specially developed to measure the level of family well -being in Malaysia. This index is generated through a mother’s or father’s assessment of their family’s well-being. The Family Well-Being Index Score for Johor was 7.85 from a maximum score of 10, which was at the moderate level.
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Indeks Kesejahteraan Keluarga Malaysia 2019 (IKK 2019) Negeri Kedah
Item Type: Infographic
Editor:
Year: 00/00/2021
Abstract: The Family Well -Being Index (FWBI) is a multi -dimensional benchmark specially developed to measure the level of family well -being in Malaysia. This index is generated through a mother’s or father’s assessment of their family’s well-being. The Family Well-Being Index Score for Kedah was 7.79 from a maximum score of 10, which was at the moderate level.
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Indeks Kesejahteraan Keluarga Malaysia 2019 (IKK 2019) Negeri Kelantan
Item Type: Infographic
Editor:
Year: 00/00/2021
Abstract: The Family Well -Being Index (FWBI) is a multi -dimensional benchmark specially developed to measure the level of family well -being in Malaysia. This index is generated through a mother’s or father’s assessment of their family’s well-being. The Family Well-Being Index Score for Kelantan was 7.43 from a maximum score of 10, which was at the moderate level.
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Indeks Kesejahteraan Keluarga Malaysia 2019 (IKK 2019) Negeri Melaka
Item Type: Infographic
Editor:
Year: 00/00/2021
Abstract: The Family Well -Being Index (FWBI) is a multi -dimensional benchmark specially developed to measure the level of family well -being in Malaysia. This index is generated through a mother’s or father’s assessment of their family’s well-being. The Family Well-Being Index Score for Malacca was 7.99 from a maximum score of 10, which was at the moderate level.
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Indeks Kesejahteraan Keluarga Malaysia 2019 (IKK 2019) Negeri Sembilan
Item Type: Infographic
Editor:
Year: 00/00/2021
Abstract: The Family Well -Being Index (FWBI) is a multi-dimensional benchmark specially developed to measure the level of family well -being in Malaysia. This index is generated through a mother’s or father’s assessment of their family’s well-being. The Family Well-Being Index Score for Negeri Sembilan was 8.03 from a maximum score of 10, which was at the high level.
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Indeks Kesejahteraan Keluarga Malaysia 2019 (IKK 2019)Negeri Pahang
Item Type: Infographic
Editor:
Year: 00/00/2021
Abstract: The Family Well -Being Index (FWBI) is a multi-dimensional benchmark specially developed to measure the level of family well -being in Malaysia. This index is generated through a mother’s or father’s assessment of their family’s well-being. .The Family Well-Being Index Score for Pahang was 7.70 from a maximum score of 10, which was at the moderate level.
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Indeks Kesejahteraan Keluarga Malaysia 2019 (IKK 2019) Negeri Pulau Pinang
Item Type: Infographic
Editor:
Year: 00/00/2021
Abstract: The Family Well -Being Index (FWBI) is a multi -dimensional benchmark specially developed to measure the level of family well -being in Malaysia. This index is generated through a mother’s or father’s assessment of their family’s well-being. The Family Well-Being Index Score for Penang was 7.96 from a maximum score of 10, which was at the moderate level.
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Indeks Kesejahteraan Keluarga Malaysia 2019 (IKK 2019) Negeri Perak
Item Type: Infographic
Editor:
Year: 00/00/2021
Abstract: The Family Well -Being Index (FWBI) is a multi-dimensional benchmark specially developed to measure the level of family well -being in Malaysia. This index is generated through a mother’s or father’s assessment of their family’s well-being. .The Family Well-Being Index Score for Perak was 7.17 from a maximum score of 10, which was at the moderate level.
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Indeks Kesejahteraan Keluarga Malaysia 2019 (IKK 2019) Negeri Perlis
Item Type: Infographic
Editor:
Year: 00/00/2021
Abstract: The Family Well -Being Index (FWBI) is a multi-dimensional benchmark specially developed to measure the level of family well -being in Malaysia. This index is generated through a mother’s or father’s assessment of their family’s well-being. The Family Well-Being Index Score for Perlis was 7.99 from a maximum score of 10, which was at the moderate level.
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Indeks Kesejahteraan Keluarga Malaysia 2019 (IKK 2019) Negeri Sabah
Item Type: Infographic
Editor:
Year: 00/00/2021
Abstract: The Family Well -Being Index (FWBI) is a multi-dimensional benchmark specially developed to measure the level of family well -being in Malaysia. This index is generated through a mother’s or father’s assessment of their family’s well-being. The Family Well-Being Index Score for Sabah was 7.67 from a maximum score of 10, which was at the moderate level.
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Indeks Kesejahteraan Keluarga Malaysia 2019 (IKK 2019) Negeri Sarawak
Item Type: Infographic
Editor:
Year: 00/00/2021
Abstract: The Family Well -Being Index (FWBI) is a multi-dimensional benchmark specially developed to measure the level of family well -being in Malaysia. This index is generated through a mother’s or father’s assessment of their family’s well-being. The Family Well-Being Index Score for Sarawak was 7.78 from a maximum score of 10, which was at the moderate level.
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Indeks Kesejahteraan Keluarga Malaysia 2019(IKK 2019) Negeri Selangor
Item Type: Infographic
Editor:
Year: 00/00/2021
Abstract: The Family Well -Being Index (FWBI) is a multi -dimensional benchmark specially developed to measure the level of family well -being in Malaysia. This index is generated through a mother’s or father’s assessment of their family’s well-being. The Family Well-Being Index Score for Selangor was 7.68 from a maximum score of 10, which was at the moderate level.
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Indeks Kesejahteraan Keluarga Malaysia 2019 (IKK 2019) Negeri Terengganu
Item Type: Infographic
Editor:
Year: 00/00/2021
Abstract: The Family Well -Being Index (FWBI) is a multi -dimensional benchmark specially developed to measure the level of family well -being in Malaysia. This index is generated through a mother’s or father’s assessment of their family’s well-being. The Family Well-Being Index Score for Terengganu was 8.10 from a maximum score of 10, which was at the high level.
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Indeks Kesejahteraan Keluarga Malaysia 2019 (IKK 2019) Wilayah Persekutuan Kuala Lumpur
Item Type: Infographic
Editor:
Year: 00/00/2021
Abstract: The Family Well -Being Index (FWBI) is a multi -dimensional benchmark specially developed to measure the level of family well -being in Malaysia. This index is generated through a mother’s or father’s assessment of their family’s well-being. The Family Well-Being Index Score for the Federal Territory of Kuala Lumpur was 7.59 from a maximum score of 10, which was at the moderate level.
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Indeks Kesejahteraan keluarga Malaysia 2019 (IKK 2019) Wilayah Persekutuan Labuan
Item Type: Infographic
Editor:
Year: 00/00/2021
Abstract: The Family Well -Being Index (FWBI) is a multi -dimensional benchmark specially developed to measure the level of family well -being in Malaysia. This index is generated through a mother’s or father’s assessment of their family’s well-being. The Family Well-Being Index Score for the Federal Territory of Labuan was 7.82 from a maximum score of 10, which was at the moderate level.
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Indeks Kesejahteraan keluarga Malaysia 2019 (IKK 2019) Wilayah Persekutuan Putrajaya
Item Type: Infographic
Editor:
Year: 00/00/2021
Abstract: The Family Well -Being Index (FWBI) is a multi-dimensional benchmark specially developed to measure the level of family well -being in Malaysia. This index is generated through a mother’s or father’s assessment of their family’s well-being. The Family Well-Being Index Score for the Federal Territory of Putrajaya was 8.37 from a maximum score of 10, which was at the high level.
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Amalan perancangan keluarga sepanjang tempoh perintah kawalan pergerakan
Item Type: Infographic
Editor:
Year: 00/12/2020
Abstract: A total of 740 respondents of married women aged 15 to 49 years were involved in this public opinion poll to find out family planning practices and problems faced by married couples in obtaining family planning methods during the period of Movement Control Order (MCO).
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Penemuan tinjauan pendapat mengenai perubahan tingkah laku dan persekitaran keluarga serta persepsi keluarga berkaitan gelombang ketiga pandemik Covid-19
Item Type: Infographic
Editor:
Year: 00/11/2020
Abstract: This infographic is about findings from public opinion poll that was conducted in conjunction with the 2020 National Family Month celebration themed "Kita Jaga Keluarga". The survey involved a total of 741 respondents who are parents of Malaysian citizens aged 18 years and above.
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Public opinion: impact of covid-19 on behavioural and lifestyle changes, work from home (WFH) and family planning
Item Type: Infographic
Editor:
Year: 27/07/2020
Abstract: This infographic shows the findings from the study covered the below areas: changes in Malaysians’ personal lives, emotional health / stress levels observed during the pandemic, financial adjustments during and since the pandemic, benefits from employers during the pandemic, changes in working conditions, environment and styles and family planning amidst COVID-19.
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Putting the brakes on Covid-19: How to safeguard the health and rights of women and girls now
Item Type: Infographic
Editor:
Year: 00/07/2020
Abstract: World Population Day is celebrated every year on July 11th aimed to raise public awareness of the population issues and challenges. The theme for this year’s World Population Day is ''Putting the Brakes on Covid-19: How to Safeguard the Health and Rights of Women and Girls Now'. The Covid-19 pandemic not only caused a crisis in public health, but affected the economy and the labor market as a whole. Women constitute 70% of the workers in the health and social sector globally, should be commended and appreciated as they work hard to ensure the safety and health of every netizen against the outbreak.
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Penemuan tinjauan pendapat sempena sambutan Hari Bapa Peringkat Kebangsaan 2020 "Bapaku Pemimpin, Keluarga Sejahtera"
Item Type: Infographic
Editor:
Year: 22/06/2020
Abstract: This infographic is about findings from public opinion: Bapaku Pemimpin, Keluarga Sejahtera. In observance of National Father's Day 2020.
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Parental involvement in children's home-based learning (HBL)
Item Type: Infographic
Editor:
Year: 00/05/2020
Abstract: This infographic is about findings of the online public poll carried out by National Population and Family Development Board (NPFDB) to look at the parent’s readiness, involvement and challenges with their children’s home-based learning during the movement control order (MCO) period.
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Indeks Kesejahteraan Keluarga Malaysia 2019
Item Type: Infographic
Editor:
Year: 00/00/2020
Abstract: The Malaysian Family Well-Being Index is a multi -dimensional benchmark that specially developed to measure levels family well-being in Malaysia. Index is generated through maternal or paternal assessment to the well -being of their families. The Family Well-being Index 2019 score has increased to 7.72 from a maximum scale of 10 compared to 7.33 in 2016.
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World Population Day 2019: 25 years of the ICPD: accelerating the promise
Item Type: Infographic
Editor:
Year: 00/07/2019
Abstract: In 1989, the United nations recommended that 11 July as World Population Day, a day to increase people's awareness on global population issues such as the importance of family planning, gender equality, poverty, maternal health and human rights. The theme for this year's World Population day is "25 years of the ICPD: accelerating the promise" in keeping with the overall theme of the Nairobi Summit, to be held from 12 to 14 November 2019.
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Penemuan tinjauan pendapat sempena sambutan Hari Ibu Bapa Peringkat Kebangsaan 2019 "Keibubapaan Kreatif Mendepani Cabaran Alaf Baru"
Item Type: Infographic
Editor:
Year: 00/07/2019
Abstract: The survey involved a total of 753 respondents .The survey was conducted from 5 -9 July 2019 using the online survey method.
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International Women's Day 2019 # BalanceforBetter
Item Type: Infographic
Editor:
Year: 00/00/2019
Abstract: This infographic shows statistics on women's involvement in Malaysia in areas such as employment, leadership, welfare as well as incentives provided by the government and the private sector in supporting women's involvement in the labor force.
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International Day of Families 2019: families and climate action: focus on SDG13
Item Type: Infographic
Editor:
Year: 00/00/2019
Abstract: Climate change and global warming are caused by human activities such as discruption to ecosystem balances and carbon dioxide emissions (CO2) resulting from activities such as transport, household activity and industrialization. If this activity is not contained, it can threaten our way of life and the future of our planet.
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Malaysia negara tua 2030
Item Type: Infographic
Editor:
Year: 00/12/2018
Abstract: This infographic shows about the main factors and challenges of aging in Malaysia. According to the United Nations (UN) definition, senior citizens are among those aged 60 and above. This definition was introduced during the “World Assembly on Aging” held in Vienna in 1982. In recognition of the elderly, the UN through Resolution No. 45/106 has also declared October 1 as International Senior Citizens Day. In Malaysia, the National Senior Citizens Day celebration has been celebrated on October 1 every year since 1992.
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Family planning is a human right
Item Type: Infographic
Editor:
Year: 00/07/2018
Abstract: World Population Day is celebrated every year on July 11th. The event was established by the Governing Council of the United Nations Development Programme in 1989, aim to focus on the importance of population issues including gender equality, poverty, reproductive health and migration. Family Planning is a Human Right, will be the focus of the 2018 celebration.
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Penemuan tinjauan pendapat sempena Bulan Keluarga Kebangsaan 1 Malaysia (BKK1M) 2017
Item Type: Infographic
Editor:
Year: 01/06/2018
Abstract: This survey was conducted in conjunction with the National Family Month 1 Malaysia. The survey involved 1165 parents ( Malaysian citizens with children aged 5 to 17 year).
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Cervical cancer
Item Type: Infographic
Editor:
Year: 00/05/2018
Abstract: This infographic describes information about cervical cancer. Cervical cancer is the no.3 most common cancer among Malaysian women. Almost all cervical cancers are caused by Human Papilloma Virus (HPV). The symptoms such as unusual bleeding, heavier periods and bleeding after menopause.
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Penemuan tinjauan pendapat sempena sambutan hari ibu bapa peringkat kebangsaan 2018 "Ibu dan bapa anugerah terindah"
Item Type: Infographic
Editor:
Year: 00/00/2018
Abstract: This infographic is about the findings of the opinion poll in conjunction with the 2018 national Parents' days celebration with the theme "Ibu dan bapa anugerah terindah". 9 out of 10 parents state having a good relationship with children.
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Breast cancer in Malaysia
Item Type: Infographic
Editor:
Year: 00/10/2017
Abstract: The infographic shows the statistic of breast cancer in Malaysia. Breast cancer is caused by an uncontrolled growth of abnormal (cancer) cells within the tissues. If not detected and treated promptly, the cancer cells can spread to the lymph-glands and other parts of the body, including the lungs, bones and liver.
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Malaysian Family Well-Being Index 2016
Item Type: Infographic
Editor:
Year: 00/02/2017
Abstract: Recognising the importance of the family institution as a social basic unit in national development, the Ministry of Women, Family and Community Development Board (NPFDB) has developed Family Well-Being Index (FWI) 2016. The consist of 8 domains and 23 indicators registered 7.33 out of a maximum score of 10.
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Pengetahuan, sikap dan amalan ahli komuniti mengenai penjagaan alam sekitar dan amalan 3R di Johor.
Item Type: Infographic
Editor:
Year: 00/00/2017
Abstract: Findings of the opinion survey knowledge, attitudes and practices of community members on environmental care and 3R practices during eco family -programs in Johor
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Pengetahuan, sikap dan amalan ahli komuniti mengenai penjagaan alam sekitar dan amalan 3R di Kedah
Item Type: Infographic
Editor:
Year: 00/00/2017
Abstract: Findings of the opinion survey knowledge, attitudes and practices of community members on environmental care and 3R practices during eco family-programs in Kedah
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Pengetahuan, sikap dan amalan ahli komuniti mengenai penjagaan alam sekitar dan amalan 3R di Kelantan
Item Type: Infographic
Editor:
Year: 00/00/2017
Abstract: Findings of the opinion survey knowledge, attitudes and practices of community members on environmental care and 3R practices during eco family-programs in Kelantan
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Pengetahuan, sikap dan amalan ahli komuniti mengenai penjagaan alam sekitar dan amalan 3R di Melaka
Item Type: Infographic
Editor:
Year: 00/00/2017
Abstract: Findings of the opinion survey knowledge, attitudes and practices of community members on environmental care and 3R practices during eco family -programs in Melaka
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Pengetahuan, sikap dan amalan ahli komuniti mengenai penjagaan alam sekitar dan amalan 3R di Negeri Sembilan
Item Type: Infographic
Editor:
Year: 00/00/2017
Abstract: Findings of the opinion survey knowledge, attitudes and practices of community members on environmental care and 3R practices during eco family-program in Negeri Sembilan
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Pengetahuan, sikap dan amalan ahli komuniti mengenai penjagaan alam sekitar dan amalan 3R di Pahang
Item Type: Infographic
Editor:
Year: 00/00/2017
Abstract: Findings of the opinion survey knowledge, attitudes and practices of community members on environmental care and 3R practices during eco family-programs in Pahang
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Pengetahuan, sikap dan amalan ahli komuniti mengenai penjagaan alam sekitar dan amalan 3R di Perak
Item Type: Infographic
Editor:
Year: 00/00/2017
Abstract: Findings of the opinion survey knowledge, attitudes and practices of community members on environmental care and 3R practices during eco family -programs in Perak
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Pengetahuan, sikap dan amalan ahli komuniti mengenai penjagaan alam sekitar dan amalan 3R di Perlis
Item Type: Infographic
Editor:
Year: 00/00/2017
Abstract: Findings of the opinion survey knowledge, attitudes and practices of community members on environmental care and 3R practices during eco family -programs in Perlis.
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Pengetahuan, sikap dan amalan ahli komuniti mengenai penjagaan alam sekitar dan amalan 3R di Pulau Pinang
Item Type: Infographic
Editor:
Year: 00/00/2017
Abstract: Findings of the opinion survey knowledge, attitudes and practices of community members on environmental care and 3R practices during eco family-programs in Pulau Pinang
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Pengetahuan, sikap dan amalan ahli komuniti mengenai penjagaan alam sekitar dan amalan 3R di Sabah
Item Type: Infographic
Editor:
Year: 00/00/2017
Abstract: Findings of the opinion survey knowledge, attitudes and practices of community members on environmental care and 3R practices during eco family-programs in Sabah
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Pengetahuan, sikap dan amalan ahli komuniti mengenai penjagaan alam sekitar dan amalan 3R di Sarawak
Item Type: Infographic
Editor:
Year: 00/00/2017
Abstract: Findings of the opinion survey knowledge, attitudes and practices of community members on environmental care and 3R practices during eco family -programs in Sarawak
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Pengetahuan,sikap dan amalan ahli komuniti mengenai penjagaan alam sekitar dan amalan 3R di Selangor
Item Type: Infographic
Editor:
Year: 00/00/2017
Abstract: Findings of the opinion survey knowledge, attitudes and practices of community members on environmental care and 3R practices during eco family -programs in Selangor
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Pengetahuan, sikap dan amalan ahli komuniti mengenai penjagaan alam sekitar dan amalan 3R di Terengganu
Item Type: Infographic
Editor:
Year: 00/00/2017
Abstract: Findings of the opinion survey knowledge, attitudes and practices of community members on environmental care and 3R practices during eco family -programs in Terengganu
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Pengetahuan, sikap dan amalan ahli komuniti mengenai penjagaan alam sekitar dan amalan 3R di Kuala Lumpur
Item Type: Infographic
Editor:
Year: 00/00/2017
Abstract: Findings of the opinion survey knowledge, attitudes and practices of community members on environmental care and 3R practices during eco family -programs in Kuala Lumpur
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Women's new economic impetus
Item Type: Infographic
Editor:
Year: 00/12/2012
Abstract: Women are viewed as strategic partner in the development of the country as they represent 48.6% of Malaysia's total population in 2010. This means that women are a valuable asset. Every woman from all walks of life is equally important as a contributor to economic growth, social well-being and prosperity.
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Module (12)
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Modul My Therapeutic Family: Family Psychological First Aid
Item Type: Module
Editor:
Year: 00/01/2023
Abstract: INTRODUCTION:-
KASIH Keluarga Ceria Program is a comprehensive initiative aimed to bolster the family institution in Malaysia, which is a cornerstone of national well-being. This program comprises two modules, namely:
i. Psychoeducation Module
ii. Support Group "My Therapeutic Family" Module
These modules were based on the Family Psychological First Aid (F-PFA) model, jointly developed by NPFDB and Universiti Pendidikan Sultan Idris (UPSI). The model integrated fundamental family dynamics, functional family systems, and Psychological First Aid principles recognized by the World Health Organization (WHO).
The Support Group "My Therapeutic Family" Module complements the Psychoeducation Module by focusing on maintenance, particularly in the post-intervention phase, addressing crisis management within the family unit.
The objectives of this program are:
1. Enhance parents' awareness regarding mental health and adaptive skills;
2. Educate parents with knowledge of Family Psychological First Aid (F-PFA);
3. Empower parents with referral skills for psychological assistance;
4. Establish support groups platform for parents; and
5. Forge intelligent collaborative network between NGOs, agencies, and referral experts.
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Modul Psiko-Pendidikan "Family Psychological First Aid"
Item Type: Module
Editor:
Year: 00/01/2023
Abstract: KASIH Keluarga Ceria Program is a comprehensive initiative aimed to bolster the family institution in Malaysia, which is a cornerstone of national well-being. This program comprises two modules, namely:
i. Psychoeducation Module
ii. Support Group "My Therapeutic Family" Module
These modules were based on the Family Psychological First Aid (F-PFA) model, jointly developed by LPPKN and Universiti Pendidikan Sultan Idris (UPSI). The model integrates fundamental family dynamics, functional family systems, and Psychological First Aid principles recognized by the World Health Organization (WHO).
The Psychoeducation Module serves to impart knowledge on F-PFA concepts and skills necessary during the preparation and intervention phases of managing crises within the family unit. The module encompasses mental health screening, psychosocial intervention, and referral skill. Families, armed with F-PFA knowledge and skills, gain the capacity to adeptly respond during family crisis.
The objectives of this program are:
1. Enhance parents' awareness regarding mental health and adaptive skills;
2. Educate parents with knowledge of Family Psychological First Aid (F-PFA);
3. Empower parents with referral skills for psychological assistance;
4. Establish support groups platform for parents; and
5. Forge intelligent collaborative network between NGOs, agencies, and referral experts.
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Modul Latihan Jurulatih SMARTSTART 2.0 "Pra Perkahwinan"
Item Type: Module
Editor:
Year: 00/01/2022
Abstract: Introduction:-
SMARTSTART 2.0 Pre-Marriage Training the Trainers Trainer Module is a new module that has been processed more neat and organized as a result of creative ideas through the compilation of contents and activities based on observations related to the latest issues that often being the cause of divorce. This module is a standard reference and guideline specially prepared for the use of trainers to facilitate the learning process, teaching and guide the preparation of programme materials. Through this module, it is hoped that it can provide positive benefits especially to individuals or couples who want to get married or who are planning to start a family in order to be more physically, mentally, emotionally, spiritually and financially prepared.
Objectives:
To provide knowledge and skills to the participants about preparations towards marriage.
Program Duration:
2 day program
Target Participants:
Individuals or couples who want/plan to get married.
Interactive Content:
Promising difference through learning and delivery methods. Full involvement of participants through skills training and group activities.
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Modul Kasih Keibubapaan Digital
Item Type: Module
Editor:
Year: 00/01/2022
Abstract: Since the country was struck by the Covid-19 pandemic, the new normal has led to increased reliance across all layers of society on devices and the internet for various daily activities such as work, learning, shopping, banking, entertainment, and various other matters. The Internet User Survey (IUS) 2020 by the Malaysian Communications and Multimedia Commission (MCMC) found:
i. Internet users in Malaysia increased to 88.7% in 2020 compared to 87.4% in 2018; and
ii. 50% of internet users spent 5 to 12 hours per day surfing the internet in 2020.
In addition to various potential threats that could target children in the cyber world, the IUS 2020 report found that the level of awareness among parents regarding cyber safety is decreasing. The findings of the report indicate:
i. The level of parental control awareness regarding children's internet usage declined from 62.4% in 2018 to 53.3% in 2020;
ii. 62.5% of parents do not use safety control software for the devices used by their children because they are unaware of such applications; and
iii. On average, parents are unable to specify in detail the safety measures needed to protect their children in the cyber world.
Furthermore, Cyber Security Malaysia's Study on the Standard of Cyber Safety Awareness Among School Students and Parents 2021-2022 revealed that the increase in online activities has led to an increased risk of cyber safety for students. According to the report, internet addiction, lack of digital citizenship awareness, and less effective parental control have contributed to increased cyber safety risks for the younger generation.
Recognizing that digital parenting issues indeed pose challenges and pressures on today's parenting duties, LPPKN has taken the initiative to develop the Digital Parenting KASIH Program using the allocation from the Covid-19 Fund (KWC-19) under the Mental Health Advocacy Initiative of the Ministry of Women, Family, and Community Development in 2022. This program aims to empower parents with the knowledge and skills needed to manage the challenges of children in the current digital generation.
The main objectives of the Digital Parenting KASIH Program are:
i. To instill positive values and ethics in the cyber realm;
ii. To enhance parents' understanding of digital challenges; and
iii. To improve parent’s skills in monitoring children’s usage of digital applications.
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Modul Pendidikan Kesihatan Reproduktif dan Sosial ACE (Accurate, Comprehensive, Effective)
Item Type: Module
Editor:
Year: 00/01/2022
Abstract: LPPKN published an intervention module called Module ACE – Accurate, Comprehensive and Effective on 2021 as a product from The Youth Intervention Study: Best Practices for Youth Intervention Programs that was carried out in 2016. This module is suitable to be used for adolescents age 10 to 24 years old.
The ACE module covers comprehensive reproductive health and sexuality education which includes legislation on sexual violence, gender equality and human trafficking. The module has been implemented on targeted groups consist of youths and peer educators, and proven to expand their knowledge on reproductive health. The activities from the module are delivered using pedagogy method that encourage on two-way interaction and responsiveness.
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Modul Cakna Diri Lelaki Pendidikan Kesihatan Reproduksi dan Seksual Untuk Remaja Lelaki Berumur 16-24 Tahun
Item Type: Module
Editor:
Year: 00/01/2018
Abstract: The Sexual and Reproductive Health Module for boys and young men age 16 to 24 years was developed to address sexual and reproductive health as well as social issues for boys and young men. It is also aim to create awareness on the importance of reproductive health and social education as well as gender equality for future well-being. This module is divided into two (2) main target groups i.e. general adolescents (Module A) and most-at-risk adolescents (Module B). The main components of Module A includes topics on adolescent growth, developmental, health, psychosocial - 3R (Respect, Relationship and Responsibility), laws and regulations, drugs and substance abuse. Module B covers topics on risky social behaviors, risky sexual behaviors and teen pregnancy. This module is developed as an interactive form using various learning methods such as role play, sketches, group work and discussions to attract participation of boys and young men.
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Parenting@Work module
Item Type: Module
Editor:
Year: 00/00/2010
Abstract: The National Population and Family Development Board (NPFDB) has developed a Parenting@Work courses designed to help dual career families cope with the multiple demands of work and family life. Through the Parenting@Work courses, you will have the opportunity to learn the skills and techniques of balancing family and work, time management as well as gain valuable parenting knowledge and skills to make you a better parent. You are urged to utilize the opportunity provided by NPFDB to enhance your knowledge and skills in facing contemporary family challenges.
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SMARTSTART module
Item Type: Module
Editor:
Year: 00/00/2006
Abstract: Couples planning to get married must be well prepared in order to create a harmonious marriage. Hence, the National Population and Family Development Board organises the SMARTSTART Premarital Programme for couples who are planning to get married and those who have recently married (not more than five years) in four languages, i.e. Malay, English, Mandarin and Tamil.
This module has been developed to provide newly married couples and those who are planning to get married with knowledge and skills on the various aspects of marriage and parenting so as to support them psychologically and prepare them for a harmonious marriage life.
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Family development module for Institutions of Higher Education
Item Type: Module
Editor:
Year: 01/12/2000
Abstract: The NPFDB has initiated a family development programme (MOPKITP) for students from Institutions of Higher Education. The Family Development Module will be offered through the co-curriculum programme. This Family Development Module Package is a combination of the NPFDB's existing modules, that is Permata Kasih, Youth Exploration, SMARTbelanja, SMARTSTART, Bahtera Kasih, Belaian Kasih, Mutiara Kasih and POP Community. The outcome of this collaborative effort with the Institutions of Higher Education will be a pool of student who are "trained facilitators". Hence the NPFDB will be able to use these students to further expand its family development programmes to the grassroots.
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KASIH Package module
Item Type: Module
Editor:
Year: 00/00/2000
Abstract: The KASIH package consists of five key modules based on the family life cycle which is Module On Preparation For Marriage - (Bahtera Kasih) - Focuses on enhancing knowledge and skills on marriage preparation and developing a strong foundation for marriages, Module On Fatherhood - (Pancaran Kasih) - Focuses on sharpening the parenting skills of fathers in shaping their children's development, Module On Parenting of Young Children - (Belaian Kasih) - Equips parents with techniques and skills for parenting their young children, Module On Parenting Adolescents - (Mutiara Kasih) - Assists parents to develop effective communication and relationship skills in guiding their adolescent children to be resilient in facing challenges and Module On Adolescent Development - (Permata Kasih) - Adolescent are guided to develop positive values such as being caring and sensitive, loving, responsible and having good personalities in line with the family, society and country's aspiration.
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I'm in Control module (Teenagers)
Item Type: Module
Editor:
Year: 00/00/2000
Abstract: The main objective of the I'm in Control module is to empower teenagers with the appropriate knowledge, attitudes and skills to make informed choices about their sexual and reproductive health. This module is targeted at teenagers aged 13 - 17 years and focuses on building skills to prevent and reduce the risks to pregnancy, sexually transmitted infections and HIV/AIDS. Skills provided include identifying and avoiding high risk situations and using assertive techniques to avoid premarital sex.
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I'm In Control module (Parent's Edition)
Item Type: Module
Editor:
Year: 00/00/2000
Abstract: The I'm In Control module (Parent's Edition) has been developed to complement the I'm In Control Module developed for teenagers. The module objectives are to enhance parent's knowledge on the physiological, biological, physical and social development of adolescents, to increase parenting knowledge and skills on adolescent sexual and reproductive health and to provide skills on enhancing parent-teen relationship.
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Newsletter (47)
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“The thirtieth anniversary of the International Conference on Population and Development Programme of Action (ICPD-Poa)”
Item Type: Newsletter
Editor:
Year: 00/07/2024
Abstract: Over the last thirty years, Malaysia has implemented many programs and intervention strategies to integrate population factors in socio-economic development planning to enhance the wellbeing of its citizens. The Government will continue to work towards creating policy prescriptions that are fair, equitable as well as inclusive, in commitment of leaving no one behind in efforts to remain a peaceful and prosperous nation.
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Assessing the status of implementation of the Programme of Action of the International Conference on Population and Development and its contribution to the follow-up and review of the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development during the decade of action and deliver for sustainable development
Item Type: Newsletter
Editor:
Year: 00/06/2024
Abstract: Despite facing numerous challenges, there is a significant progress has been made over the past 30 years since the implementation of the Programme of Action in Malaysia. This includes improvements such as increased life expectancies as well as better access to services and education on sexual and reproductive health.
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Malaysia's demographic dividend: harnessing the first and the second
Item Type: Newsletter
Editor:
Year: 00/12/2023
Abstract: In 2020, Malaysia's economy was one of the largest in Southeast Asia, boasting a population of 32.4 million. As a relatively young country, Malaysia has undergone significant improvements in education and healthcare facilities over the last few decades, leading to rapidly changing demographics. These changes in the population structure will open windows of opportunity to harness the first and second demographic dividends.
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Population, education and sustainable developmet
Item Type: Newsletter
Editor:
Year: 00/06/2023
Abstract: Education is a longstanding right enshrined in human rights and developmental instruments, including in the Plan of Action also recognises the key role of education in sustainable development, as well as the responsibilities of different stakeholders, particularly parents, in this regard.
Strengthening of human capital through education is a priority to Malaysia, with the Government providing free education to citizens up to secondary level. Malaysia is also undertaking efforts to ensure that the education system is robust, resilient and fit for the future.
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A world of 8 billion: Towards a resilient future, harnessing opportunities and ensuring rights and choices for all
Item Type: Newsletter
Editor:
Year: 00/11/2022
Abstract: The world's population is projected to reach 8 billion on 15 November 2022. The best way to ensure demographic resilience is to support human rights, including individuals' reproductive rights and choices.
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Population and sustainable development, in particular sustained and inclusive economic growth
Item Type: Newsletter
Editor:
Year: 00/05/2022
Abstract: In 2020, Malaysia's population was at 32.4 million, growing at an average annual rate of 1.7 per cent for the period from 2010 to 2020. Driven by a decline in fertility rate accompanied by a sustained rise in life expectancy. Malaysia will become an aged nation by 2030.
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Population, food security, nutrition and sustainable development
Item Type: Newsletter
Editor:
Year: 00/00/2021
Abstract: Malaysia occupies a commendable position in the 2019 Global Food Security Index, jumping to 28th place as compared to 48th in 2018. The national level food availability data indicates that there are sufficient supply of major food commodities for the population. All major foods are available in sufficient quantities to meet the market demands. Food access is no longer an issue for most Malaysians, with better processing, transport and storage systems and distribution arrangements.
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Family well being & the emergence of global pandemic
Item Type: Newsletter
Editor:
Year: 00/00/2021
Abstract: National Population and Family Development Board (NPFDB) has introduced a Family Well-Being Index (FWBI) to specifically measure the well-being of families in Malaysia. The third series of the FWBI was conducted in 2019, prior to pandemic which start hitting the globe at the end of year. The FWBI 2019 reached a new highest score of 7.72 out of a maximum scale of 10. Although the FWBI 2019 score is still at a moderate level, it has shown an increase of 0.39 points compared to previous 7.33 for FWBI 2016. The FWBI 2019 score is a reflection of the family well-being in the country before COVID-19 pandemic began. Since then, every aspect of our life have been aff¬ected and subsequently transform the way we work and doing things. In addition to hampering the economy, the pandemic has also impacting family institution as a whole.
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Population, food security, nutrition and sustainable development
Item Type: Newsletter
Editor:
Year: 00/00/2020
Abstract: Malaysia occupies a commendable position in the 2019 Global Food Security Index, jumped to the 28th place compared to the 48th position in 2018. The national level food availability data indicate that there is sufficiency in the supply of major food commodities for the population.
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The impact of COVID-19 on behavioural and lifestyle changes, work from home & family planning
Item Type: Newsletter
Editor:
Year: 00/00/2020
Abstract: This survey will offer insights of the developments that were brought forth by COVID-19, the major shifts of daily lives, and what would continue to be a #newnormal for some time in the future.
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General debate on review and appraisal of the programme of action of the International Conference on Population Development and its contribution to the follow - up and review of the 2030 agenda for sustainable development
Item Type: Newsletter
Editor:
Year: 00/00/2019
Abstract: The Population of Malaysia is estimated at 33 million today with 3.1 million are non-citizens. The rate of population growth has declined to 1.7 per cent per annum from about 2.5 per cent during the 1970-2000 period. Malaysia is moving towards becoming one of the aged countries by 2030. The fast pace of ageing population is as a result of longer life expectancy and rapid decline in Total Fertility Rate (TFR).
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The role of the state in empowering family: Malaysia experience
Item Type: Newsletter
Editor:
Year: 00/00/2019
Abstract: Malaysia families today are facing numerous challenges related to changing of population and family structure as well as pressure of complex family responsibilities. The advent of modern lifestyle has witnessing the issues on adolescent sexual and reproductive health, changing attitudes towards marriage, work-life balance and intergenerational between elderly parents and young children. In view of the above trends and challenges, a National Family Policy will continue to be empowered.
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The role of families and family policies in achieving inclusive societies: Malaysia experiences
Item Type: Newsletter
Editor:
Year: 00/00/2018
Abstract: With an ever increasing proportion of elder population, today’s family are being pressured to provide multi generation family support, known as “sandwich family”. Hence, Malaysia has introduced a National Family Policy with a comprehensive set of plan of action for the year 2010 until 2020, a complement to the family well-being index. Next, community based intervention program called Family and Community Empowerment Program (FACE) and Family Impact Assessment (FIA) where an evaluation on the impact of family-related policies and program will be accessed.
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Sustainable cities, human mobility & international migration
Item Type: Newsletter
Editor:
Year: 00/00/2018
Abstract: Over the past decades, Malaysia has experienced and influx of migrant workers, and has become one of the main destinations. In 2016, there were an estimated 3.1 million migrants in Malaysia, which comprises of 1.3 million skilled workers and 1.8 million unskilled workers.
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Ageing phenomenon: Malaysia towards 2030
Item Type: Newsletter
Editor:
Year: 00/00/2017
Abstract: Statistics shows that those aged 60 years and above in Malaysia stood at 7.9 % in 2010 and the rate will reach 15.3 % by 2030, classified as one of the fastest nation to achieve aged country status within 20 years. This fast pace of ageing population is as a result of longer life expectancy and rapid decline in total fertility rate.
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Changing population age structures and sustainable development
Item Type: Newsletter
Editor:
Year: 00/00/2017
Abstract: Malaysia's demographic changes in structure, size and spatial distribution of families and household. These changes have created both opportunities and challenges for the Government in prescribing policies and designing initiatives to further foster the well-being as well as ensure sustainable development of current and future generations. Malaysia's population is projected to increase from 31.9 million in 2016 to 41.5 million in 2040. While the overall population of the country is projected to increase, the annual population growth rate is expected to decrease from 1.8 percent in 2010 to 0.8 percent in 2040.
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Strengthening the demographic evidence base for the post-2015 development agenda
Item Type: Newsletter
Editor:
Year: 01/07/2016
Abstract: In Malaysia, the implementation of the post-2015 development agenda has obtained the highest political commitment at the national level and has continuously involved multi-stakeholders engagement under the 11th Malaysia development plans (2016-2020). Malaysia will also further improve the availability of online interactive databases and access to geo-referenced datasets disaggregated by relevant characteristics such as income, gender, age, ethnicity and disability, to ensure that no one is left behind.
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Ensuring no one is left behind: the 2030 agenda for sustainable development
Item Type: Newsletter
Editor:
Year: 00/00/2016
Abstract: The 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development, guided by the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) was adopted by all 193 UN Member States including Malaysia in September 2015. Through these 17 global goals and their 169 targets, Government have committed to eradicate poverty, fight inequalities, build peaceful, inclusive, and resilient societies, and secure the future of the planet and the well being of future generations over the next 15 years. The central objective of the Sustainable Development Goals is to leave no one behind.
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Realizing the future we want: integrating population issues into sustainable development
Item Type: Newsletter
Editor:
Year: 00/00/2015
Abstract: Malaysia is closely monitoring the developments and discussion on the post-2015 development agenda. Malaysia believes that the post-2015 development agenda should integrate existing international commitments and outcomes of UN conferences and deliver on equality, social inclusion, decent work, and sustainable livelihoods.
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Balancing the three dimensions of sustainable development: from integration to implementation
Item Type: Newsletter
Editor:
Year: 00/00/2015
Abstract: Malaysia has been able to transform from a low-income economy in the 1970s to a high middle-income economy today. Parallel to the economic achievement, Malaysia has also achieved commendable success in terms of social progress. These achievements are in line with Malaysia’s commitment to place the wellbeing of the people as the priority of its development efforts. As such, the government is committed to protect the environmental quality of life and caring for the planet, while harnessing economic value from the process.
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Assessment of the status of implementation of the ICPD-POA
Item Type: Newsletter
Editor:
Year: 00/00/2014
Abstract: The International Conference on Population and Development (ICPD) held in Cairo in 1994 was a landmark in the population and development field. At this conference 179 countries, including Malaysia, adopted a 20-year program of action known as the Program of Action of the International Conference on Population and Development (ICPD-PoA). The overriding objective is to raise the quality of life and individual wellbeing and to promote human development by recognizing the complexity of the interrelationships between population and development. Malaysia has achieved most of the goals set in the ICPD-PoA. Key enabling factors such as political stability, efficient civil service, harmonious social environment, unity and strength in diversity, educated and trained workforce, abundant natural resources and effective partnership with stakeholders and NGOs contributed to the success.
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Malaysian family well-being index study 2011
Item Type: Newsletter
Editor:
Year: 00/00/2014
Abstract: Realizing that the wellbeing of the family is the primary goal in the development of the country, the Ministry of Women, Family and Community Development through the National Population and Family Development Board (NPFDB) has pioneered the development of the Malaysian Family Wellbeing Index (FWB). The aim of the FWB index is to measure and monitor the subjective wellbeing of Malaysian families as well as to suggest and provide directions to develop family friendly policies, programs and services. The study was conducted on 2,808 households involving of 5,616 respondents. Through this study, the Family Wellbeing Index (FWB) was recorded at 7.55 out of a maximum score of 10 indicating that Malaysian families have a relatively high level of wellbeing and are able to manage the challenges of development. Of the seven domains identified, the Family and Religion / Spirituality domain recorded the highest score of 8.25.
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New trends in migration: demographic aspects
Item Type: Newsletter
Editor:
Year: 00/00/2013
Abstract: Industrialization has brought about rapid urbanization with about 7 in 10 Malaysians now residing in cities. Industrialization has also resulted in Malaysia being an attractive destination for migrants. Based on Migration and Remittances Factbook 2011 produced by World Bank, Malaysia was one of the top 30 countries in terms of number of immigrants flowing into the country in 2010. According to Census 2010, there were 2.3 million non-citizens residing in Malaysia. The majority of migrants are in the age group of ' high economic activity'. They are mainly employed in the manufacturing, agricultural and construction sectors. Employers prefer hiring foreign workers due to their willingness to work extra hours and for their relatively lower wages.
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Ageing in Asia: the way forward
Item Type: Newsletter
Editor:
Year: 00/12/2012
Abstract: Ageing population is a universal phenomenon experienced by nearly all countries in the world at different rates. Malaysia, for example with a total population of 28.6 million in 2011, has experienced a steady rise in its older persons (those aged 60 years and above) from 6.3 % in 2000 to 7.7 % (or 2.2 million) in 2011. By 2020, it is estimated that the number of older persons in Malaysia will be 5.5 million and by 2030, older persons will constitute 15 % of the total population.
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National experience in population matters: adolescents and youth
Item Type: Newsletter
Editor:
Year: 00/00/2012
Abstract: Adequate and accurate sexual and reproductive health information helps young people to make informed and responsible decisions. Howewer, cultural and religious sensitivities within the communities remain one of the major challenges in implementing reproductive health education for young people. Parents are still uncomfortable talking about reproductive health matters with their children ,leaving their children dependent upon information from their peers or other sources like the internet. The Government of Malaysia takes cognisance of the increasing importance of the sexual and reproductive health needs of adolescents and youth in Malaysia. Hence, the Government of Malaysia has put in place various policies and programmes to handle the sexual and reproductive health needs of the adolescents and youths. One of the main initiatives is the Healthy Programme without AIDS for Youth (PROSTAR). The Government of Malaysia also has established six youth-friendly adolescent centres known as kafe@TEEN to increase access to reproductive health information and services for young people aged 13 to 24 years.
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National experience in population matters : fertility, reproductive health and development
Item Type: Newsletter
Editor:
Year: 00/01/2011
Abstract: Fertility among Malaysian women is declining faster than expected due to the increase in the mean age at first marriage for female that has risen from 22.0 years in 1970 to 25.3 years in 2004. Malaysia’s total fertility rate (TFR) is expected to reach the replacement level by year 2015. Malaysia hopes to sustain the current fertility rate and not let it fall below replacement level.
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Achieving the ICPD-PoA and MDGs
Item Type: Newsletter
Editor:
Year: 00/07/2009
Abstract: Malaysia has achieved most of the goals set in the ICPD-PoA. Other development goals included in the MDGs are in the areas of poverty reduction, universal education, reductions in maternal and child mortality, gender equality and environmental sustainability.
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Elderly population
Item Type: Newsletter
Editor:
Year: 00/01/2009
Abstract: The total population of the elderly (aged 60 and above) in Malaysia has reached to 2 million, that is 7 per cent out of the total of 27.6 million population. The proportion of the elderly is expected to exceed 10 per cent around the year 2025. Finding from the MPFS-4 focussed on living arrangements, elderly care, loneliness, community involvement, economic activities, sources of financial support and health status of the elderly. Data for this study was drawn from responses of a total of 1,866 elderly.
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Population distribution, urbanisation, internal migration and development
Item Type: Newsletter
Editor:
Year: 00/07/2008
Abstract: Malaysia is currently experiencing an increase in population mobility mainly caused by industrialization and urbanization. Between 1970 and 2006, the proportion of population living in big cities such as Kuala Lumpur, Penang and Johor Bharu had doubled due to rapid urbanization mainly contributed by internal migration. This trend in internal migration has resulted in population redistribution due to an influx of people to the urban areas.
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Population ageing
Item Type: Newsletter
Editor:
Year: 00/01/2008
Abstract: According to United Nation’s estimates, 21 percent of the population in the developed countries was aged 60 years or over in 2005. This proportion is projected to increase to 28 percent in 2025 and 32 per cent in 2050. In countries where economies are in transition, the average proportion of the population aged 60 years or over was estimated at only 8 percent in 2005 but is expected to reach 13 percent by 2025 and nearly 20 percent by 2050. Thus, the number of older persons in the developing countries will likely more than double between 2005 and 2025. This increase is much larger than in the developed countries compared to countries where the economies are in transition, where the number of older persons will grow by about 44 percent and 32 percent respectively during the same period.
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The changing age structures of populations and their implications for development
Item Type: Newsletter
Editor:
Year: 00/07/2007
Abstract: The demographic transition in Malaysia is characterized by rapid declines in mortality and moderate declines in fertility. Rapid decline in mortality was due to the availability of modern medical and health facilities and the general improvement in socio-economic condition. While, steady decline in fertility due to the availability of family planning services and indirectly, due to the general improvement in the socio-economic conditions associated with development.
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HIV/AIDS
Item Type: Newsletter
Editor:
Year: 00/01/2007
Abstract: Data from the Ministry of Health showed that by end of 1994 there were 3393 cases of HIV, 105 cases of AIDS and 80 cases of AIDS death. In Malaysia , the most common risk factor from HIV infection was exposure to contaminated drug injecting equipment.
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International migration and development
Item Type: Newsletter
Editor:
Year: 00/07/2006
Abstract: The Government of Malaysia acknowledges the positive elements of international migration in economic development. International migration, inter-alia, helps to ensure labour market rigidity. At the same time, it must also be acknowledged that the impact of international migration, particularly low skilled foreign workers, on the receiving country's economy and society can be both positive and negative.
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Fertility decline due to late marriages
Item Type: Newsletter
Editor:
Year: 00/01/2006
Abstract: Rising education, delayed and non-marriage will become more prevalent. Marriage postponement shortens childbearing span, and it will result in further fertility decline. Changes in marital structure have significant implications on the family system and the care of older persons. With rising age at marriage and consequently delayed childbearing , many retirees are still supporting children who are studying in institutions of higher learning.
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Population, poverty and HIV/Aids
Item Type: Newsletter
Editor:
Year: 00/07/2005
Abstract: By June 2004, the cumulative number of HIV infections was 60,621 with 8,840 cases of AIDS and 6,523 deaths. The main mode of transmission is intravenous drug use followed by heterosexual transmission. The HIV infection rate is highest among young adults aged 20-39 years while the proportion of women infected with HIV is also increasing. In this regard, more than 40 percent of those infected with HIV are fishermen and odd job workers, the occupation sectors that are often associated with those living in poverty. The major challenge for Malaysia is to increase the geographical coverage of HIV/AIDS-related services and their reach especially to vulnerable populations and those living in poverty.
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Population growth and population ageing
Item Type: Newsletter
Editor:
Year: 00/01/2005
Abstract: Population ageing has significant implications on the communities, families and the individuals, in the context of social change. With increasing age at marriage, more and more people are delaying family formation such that many retirees still have to support their young children. This means that there will be fewer resources for the older persons becomes increasingly serious as their earnings diminish after retirement. As life expectancy increases, the families may have to cope with more that one generation of older persons.
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Review and appraisal of the progress made in achieving the goals and objectives of the programme of action of the ICPD in Malaysia
Item Type: Newsletter
Editor:
Year: 00/07/2004
Abstract: The role of the civil society organisations and non-government organisations as partners in the implementation of population programmes has been recognised and supported in Malaysia. Their involvement, participation, sharing resources and consultation have been pivotal to the sucess of the population related programmes.Since ICPD, annual dialogues between Government and NGOs have been conducted to facilitate greater smart partnership. Recognizing their role, grants are made available by the Government to NGOs to enable them to play more effective role in grassroot programmes and activities.
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'Family first: bringing the heart home': the Malaysian concept of strengthening the family institution
Item Type: Newsletter
Editor:
Year: 00/01/2004
Abstract: "Family First: Bringing the Heart Home" was selected in recognition of the importance of having strong, resilient and cohesive families as the key to building peaceful, prosperous and stable communities. It reflects what matters most to all of us and our countries; the family place in centre of our lives.
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Population, education and development
Item Type: Newsletter
Editor:
Year: 00/07/2003
Abstract: Malaysia is of the view that continuous efforts in education is required to develop the individual's potential to the fullest, thus contributing to the well-being and prosperity of society and the country at large. In Malaysia, the education sector has been regarded a priority sector since our independence.
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Population policy in Malaysia: the facts
Item Type: Newsletter
Editor:
Year: 00/01/2003
Abstract: The main aim of the future population policy is to sustain population growth that is in balance with resources and sustainable development. This is in accordance with Government's efforts to create Malaysia as an industrialised nation but at the same time maintaining quality population founded on healthy, resilient and stable family system.
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Reproductive health: special reference to HIV/AIDS
Item Type: Newsletter
Editor:
Year: 00/07/2002
Abstract: The HIV/AIDS situation is recognised as a public health problem in Malaysia and one that is of a national concern especially with regard to the spread of HIV / AIDS among young people and to newborns through mother-to-child transmission. Since the first case of AIDS was reported in Disember 1986, there has been a geometric increase in the number of HIV infections. Over the last seven years (1995-2001), the average number of new cases reported annually was 4,716. By 2001, the cumulative number of HIV infections was 44,208 with 1,258 cases of AIDS and 934 deaths.
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Population, environment and development
Item Type: Newsletter
Editor:
Year: 00/01/2002
Abstract: The Government has adopted a long-term strategy to carry out environmental education through a multi-disciplinary approach aimed at increasing awareness, understanding and love for environment. Towards this end, the National Population and Family Development Board (NPFDB) under the Ministry of Women and Family Development has developed two training modules. The modules are Population and Development while the other one is Population, Environment and Development.
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Aging population in Malaysia: future challenges
Item Type: Newsletter
Editor:
Year: 00/07/2001
Abstract: In the light of the growth of the older population, there is a need to respond to the increasing proportion and the absolute number of older persons in the total population. In Malaysia, unlike Japan and other developed countries, the issue of aging is not as critical. However, with increasing proportion and number of older persons, Malaysia has to plan early for the need of the older persons which are quite different from the rest of population.
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Population structure and demographic bonus
Item Type: Newsletter
Editor:
Year: 00/01/2001
Abstract: Malaysia, like several other countries in the region, will benefit from the demographic change whereby the proportion of working age group has been increasing from 52 percent in 1970 to 58 percent in 1995. Currently, this group constitutes about 60 % and assuming fertility continues to decline as projected, this proportion will continue to increase, and will reach almost 64 % by the year 2020.
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Vision of change: saving women's lives Malaysian experience
Item Type: Newsletter
Editor:
Year: 00/07/2000
Abstract: Efforts towards empowerment of women are integrated and incorporated into various development plans. The progress of women’s advancement in Malaysia is evident in many sectors. Maternal mortality ratio is currently around 20 per 100,000 and women are expected to live up to 74 years as compared to 70 among males. Primary education is almost universal with literacy rate of 85 per cent among females aged 10 and above. The increasing numbers of females pursuing higher education have enabled almost half of the women labour force into the employment sector. Women today are more visible in business with majority being self-employed in small scale trades and services.
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Population size, growth and dynamics
Item Type: Newsletter
Editor:
Year: 00/07/2000
Abstract: When Malaysia was formed in 1963, the population of the whole country was approximately 9 million. The total population increased to about 10.8 million in 1970 and 13.7 million in 1980. The rate of population growth had declined gradually from a high level of 3.0 per cent per annum in 1966 to 2.3 per cent in 1980. Besides, with the continuing decline in fertility, relatively low level of mortality and inflow of international migrants being controlled, the population of Malaysia will continue to increase at a slower rate in the future.
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Report (7)
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Statistik data perkhidmatan perancang keluarga LPPKN tahun 2015-2019
Item Type: Report
Editor:
Year: 00/00/2022
Abstract: National Population and Family Development Board Malaysia (NPFDB) have prepared a statistic report on family planning services at the NPFDB level according to the number of new recipients, type of contraceptive, state, age group, ethnicity, strata and employment status for 2015 to 2019. This report only consist new recipients, which is new clients who have not registered with any of family planning agency such as NPFDB, Ministry of Health (MOH), Malaysian Armed Forces (ATM) and Federation of Reproductive Health Associations Malaysia (FRHAM). The breakdown of statistic report by type of contraceptive have included implant, injection, condom, pill, intrauterine device and non-modern methods. Meanwhile, the breakdown of family planning data by age have covered the range of 15 years to 49 years. The breakdown of data by ethnicity also have included Malay, Chinese, Indian, other bumiputera and other ethnicities. These statistic data were also have provided by strata (urban and rural), employment status (employed and unemployed) and education breakdown including college/ university, secondary school, primary school and non formal education.
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Research Report (53)
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Enhancing Pregnancy Outcomes in Women with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome
Item Type: Research Report
Editor:
Year: 00/01/2023
Abstract: Polycystic ovary syndrome or known as polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) is an endocrine disorder and one of the main causes of anovulatory infertility in women of reproductive age, which is 15 to 49 years (Balen et al., 2016). The main characteristics of women with PCOS are ovarian dysfunction, hyperandrogenism and polycystic ovaries (Balen and Michelmore., 2002). This syndrome is associated with metabolic syndromes such as obesity, insulin resistance, diabetes mellitus type 1 (Barthemess and Naz., 2014) and arteriosclerosis (Orio et al., 2004).
The general objective of this study is to identify the demographic characteristics, clinical and medical history, of PCOS sufferers as well as appropriate treatment methods among clients seeking fertility treatment at the LPPKN Subfertility Clinic.
This study is an experimental, case control study involving female clients who come to seek fertility treatment at the LPPKN Subfertility Clinic. The chosen location is LPPKN Headquarters, Kuala Lumpur. Every female client who attends needs to meet the patient selection criteria, namely a Malaysian couple, trying to conceive for more than a year and aged between 25 to 38 years old. Every patient who faces subfertility problem is divided into two groups, namely PCOS and no PCOS.
Patients who are eligible and agree to participate in the study have gone through at least five (5) series of appointments with medical officers and nurses. A total of 167 patients participated in this study with an average age of 30 years.
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Executive Summary: youth intervention study: best practices of youth intervention programmes in Malaysia
Item Type: Research Report
Editor:
Year: 01/07/2020
Abstract: In the decades, Malaysia has undergone rapid economic, social and cultural changes which impacted not only the daily lives of its people but also their worldview and values. This is particularly so for young people, as excessive exposure to information from the social media, internet and pornography had inevitably influence their lifestyle and behaviour. The socio-cultural changes are likely associated with an increased rates of non-marital sexual activity, increased rates of sex partner change and increased rates of sexually transmitted infections (STIs). In 2005, the Ministry of Women, Family and Community Development through NPFDB introduced the PEKERTI Programme to be implemented at KafeTEEN adolescents centres. The programme provides reproductive health services, counseling services and education and skill building to promote a healthy life and inculcate positive attitudes and moral values among young people.
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Report on Malaysia Family Well-Being Index 2019
Item Type: Research Report
Editor:
Year: 00/00/2020
Abstract: The Family Well -Being Index (FWI) is a multi -dimensional benchmark specially developed to measure the level of family well -being in Malaysia. This index is generated through a mother’s or father’s assessment of their family’s well -being. The 2019 Malaysian Family Well -Being Index score recorded in this study is 7.72 out of a maximum scale of 10. Of the eight domains that have been identified, the Family Relationship Domain recorded the highest domain score of 8.35. This is followed The study also found that the 2019 FWI score is increasing according to household income group. The 2019 FWI score is higher in families living in rural areas. In terms of family type, FWI 2019 scores were higher in family groups by Family Domain, Role of Religion and Spiritual Practice (8.25), Family Domain and Community Involvement (8.00), Family Safety Domain (7.86), Family Economics Domain (7.67), Family Health Domain (7.44), Housing and Environment Domain (7.35) and Family and Communication Technology Domain (6.82). Although the score of FWI 2019 is still at a moderate level but it has shown an increase of 0.39 points compared to 7.33 for FWI 2016.
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Situational analysis on family planning and reproductive health education in Malaysia and other selected Muslim countries Part I: needs analysis on family planning policy Part II: reproductive health education: policy and plan of action
Item Type: Research Report
Editor:
Year: 00/00/2020
Abstract: This study is an initiative by the Ministry of Women, Family and Community Development (MWFCD) through the National Population and Family Development Board (NPFDB) in collaboration with the United Nations Population Fund (UNFPA), who has been a strategic partner of NPFDB since the 1990s in the Sexual and Reproductive Health (SRH) programmes. This study was conducted at where there are rapid changes in the population dynamics and demographic trends together with the advancement in human capacity development and new communication technologies.
It is an effort that enables the nation to achieve its commitment locally towards Malaysia’s Shared Prosperity Vision 2030 agenda and internationally, such as the ICPD Plan of Action. The objective of the study is to identify the best practices of reproductive and sexual health (SRH) programs including family planning and reproductive and sexual health education (SRHE) among selected Islamic countries that practice sunni sects to provide direction to Malaysia. Five (5) countries were selected for the purpose of comparison with Malaysia are Turkey, Egypt, Morocco and Bangladesh.
The report of this study proposes several strategies and improvements as a result of a gap analysis with other Muslim countries that can help strengthen the strategy and implementation of the National Sexual and Reproductive Health programmes to improve reproductive health indicators such as Maternal Mortality Rate, Infant Mortality Rate and Age Specific Fertility Rate, as well as reducing the number of cases of teenage pregnancy, abortion, sexual abuse and sexual crimes.
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Analisis situasi kependudukan dan kekeluargaan di Malaysia
Item Type: Research Report
Editor:
Year: 01/12/2018
Abstract: The evolution of population and family policy in this country has begun since the implementation of the National Family Planning Programme by the National Family Planning Board (NFPB) in 1966. The main purpose of the programme was to reduce the population growth rate from 3% to 2% by 1985. Apart from Malaysia, other Asian countries also introduced
a family planning programme to its population in the 1960s where the earliest country to introduce the programme was India around the 1950s. As a result of the introduction of the family planning programme in the 1960s, the country’s gross birth rate has decreased from 36.7 babies in 1966 to 31.5 babies per 1,000 population in 1985. This directly makes the average annual population growth rate of the country declined from 3.0% per annum in 1966 to 2.8% per annum in 1980.
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Laporan fertility at the crossroad-children now, later or never
Item Type: Research Report
Editor:
Year: 00/00/2018
Abstract: This study was to identify the socio-economic and psychological factors that influence the decision of women working in the public and private sectors to want to have children now, postpone pregnancy or do not want to have another child/children. It also to identify forms of support that can be provided by employers in an effort to create a family -friendly work environment. Nowadays, the issue of declining fertility rates is becoming a global issue, not just in among developed countries even in developing countries. Most countries have experienced fertility decline since the 1970s. United Nations Projections (UN) indicates most countries in the Asia Pacific region will experience a decline total fertility rate (TFR) until 2015-2030. Countries like China, Japan and Singapore have achieved TFR below the substitution level for decades ago. Rapid socio -economic development in Malaysia over the past five decades
has resulted in a decrease in births and deaths as well as an increase in migration. Malaysia is currently in the second phase of a demographic transition where fertility rates are increasing decreased while the percentage of the elderly population increased. Decrease in rate
mortality and fertility are closely linked to improved quality of life giving
significant impact on the growth and size of the Malaysian population.
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Kajian Pengesanan Mikrodelesi Kromosom Y dalam kalangan klien Infertiliti di Lembaga Penduduk dan Pembangunan Keluarga Negara
Item Type: Research Report
Editor:
Year: 02/01/2017
Abstract: The study "Microdelesi of Y Chromosome among NPFDB Infertility Clients" conducted by the Biomedical Unit, NFPDB is to identify infertility factors from a genetic aspect. Study samples were obtained from infertility patients referred to the Cytogenetic Laboratory, NPFDB from 2003 to 2010. A total of 100 blood samples of clients diagnosed as azoospermia (48), severe oligoasthenoteratozoospermia (24), oligozoospermia (15), severe oligozoospermia (6), Klinefelter Syndrome (3) and idiopathy (4) were performed Chromosome Analysis Tests to identify any abnormalities of the number and structure on the chromosome and subsequently Molecular Testing is performed to detect the microdeletion of the Y chromosome. Majority of ethnic groups involved in the study are Malays, which is 74 people (74%) followed by Chinese; nine (9) people (9%), Indians; seven (7) people (7%) and other ethnicities from Sabah and Sarawak as many as 10 people (10%) in the age range of 23 to 46 years.The chromosome analysis test results for the 100 samples were normal which is, 46, XY, no abnormalities in the structure or number of chromosomes were found. Results was found that 15 samples (15%) underwent Y chromosome microdeletion at the AZF locus in molecular test. From 15 samples, 10 samples were azoospermia, three (3) severe oligoasthenoteratozoospermia samples and two (2) oligozoospermia samples. Each sample experienced deletion at different locus and there were samples that experienced multiple deletion which involved deletion of more than one factor locus (AZF).The most common AZF factors found to experience deletion were AZFc (73.33%) followed by AZFb (53.33%), AZFd (40%) and AZFa (13.33%). In conclusion, it was found that genetic factors are one of the causes of infertility problems among clients came for subfertility treatment. Looking at the importance of undergoing genetic screening testing at an early stage, it is recommended that this test be tested for men diagnosed with azoospermia and severe oligozoospermia at the Subfertility Clinic, NPFDB. The information obtained has prognostic value and influences the medical therapy chosen to assist in the clinical management of the client and his descendant in the future.
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Effects of socio-demographic, lifestyle and environmental factors on semen quality of men attending the sub fertility clinic in National Population and Family Development Board
Item Type: Research Report
Editor:
Year: 02/01/2017
Abstract: Couples are considered infertile if they are unable to conceive after one year of regular unprotected sex. The impact of lifestyle and environment on human fertility may vary depending on aetiology, demographic characteristics, genetic variation and other factors. As used by previous researchers, semen parameters were used to measure male infertility. Therefore, a decrease in semen quality is considered as a major factor in male infertility (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Semen_quality). Previous studies (Kidd et al.2001,Eskenazi et al.2003, de La Rochebrochard and Thonneau 2003) have found that older men tend to have lower semen quality than younger ones. Testicular hyperthermia (elevated temperature) also has been known to affect male fertility. Men who like taking hot baths or sit in a sedentary position for a long time are at risk of having infertility. The objectives of this study are to identify the relationship between socio-demographic profile, lifestyle and environmental factors and semen quality, and to identify risk factors of poor semen quality among men attending the National Population and Family Development Board's (NPFDB) Subfertility Clinic. This study was done in Andrology Laboratory, NPFDB. Five hundred men from couples having their first infertility consultation between September 2010 abd June 2011 were recruited. Each patient was required to register, deposit semen and fill in the quesstionnaire. Sperm concentration, morphology and motility from semen analysis were used to study the relationship between semen quality and independent variables. Reference limits used were 15 cells x 10'6/ml, 4% and 40 %, respectively (World Health Organization, 2010). For statistical analysis, descriptive statistic, t test and ANOVA were used; 0.05 alpha value was chosen. Results showed that one-third of the study population were between 26 to 30 years of age and another one third were aged between 31 to 35 years old; mean age was 33.2. majority were Malays (71.2%), resided in Selangor (64.3%) and professionals (41.6%). Semen quality showed a negative relationship (p<0.05) with age. Meanwhile, sperm motility varied significantly for different ethnic group. Chinese (57.75%) had the highest motile-sperm compared to Malays (53.44%) and Indians (46.60%). Among lifestyles variables, frequency of sexual intercourse had a posive relationship (p<0.05) with sperm motility, whilst sedentary position had negative relationship (p<0.05) with the latter. Regression analysis was used to predict the risk factors of poor semen quality. This study found that men above 30 years old were two times more likely to have low sperm motility than men in the twenties. Moreover, less frequent sexual activity between couples was more likely (p<0.05) to have abnormal sperm compared to those who had sexual intercourse more frequently. In conclusion, this study suggested that age over 30 years and infrequent sexual activity were the risk factors to lower semen quality. Even though not regarded as a risk factor, sedentary work position had a negative impact on sperm motility. These factors may affect male fertility and cause difficulty in conception. Public awareness through advocacy programs and talks on infertility and its risk factors should be carried out regularly. Public education should be carried out to advice men to practice a healthy lifestyle and work life balance. This study has shown encouraging results, and should be replicated in the general population in Malaysia
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Kajian perbandingan penggunaan tiga jenis rawatan hormon FSH dalam kalangan pesakit subfertiliti yang menjalani prosedur permanian beradas di Lembaga Penduduk dan Pembangunan Keluarga Negara
Item Type: Research Report
Editor:
Year: 02/01/2017
Abstract: Since 1979, the National Population and Family Development Board (NPFDB) has been providing subfertility management services to the public especially middle-income group. In line with the rapid pace of the latest technology and research developments, there are various types of fertility drugs in the form of injections which had been used in subfertility treatment. The main function of this injection is to mature the follicles where the main hormone contained in this injection is the follicle stimulating hormone (Follicle Stimulating Hormone, FSH). In general, there are three types of FSH injections, which is a recombinant FSH (rFSH) that have 100 percent synthetic hormone, urinary FSH (uFSH) that derived from menopausal urine and highly purified urinary FSH (hp-uFSH) that also derived from menopausal urine but more pure state than uFSH. All three hormones have FSH’s activities but uFSH and hp-uFSH also have Luteinizing Hormone’s activity (LH). Thus, NPFDB has taken initiative to conduct a comparative study on the use of three types of FSH hormone treatment, namely Gonal F (rFSH), Folliova (uFSH) and Menopur (hp-uFSH), among subfertilitie’s patient who’s undergoing Intrauterine Insemination Technique (IUI). Among others, the three types of hormones were studied in terms of effevtivenee and cost burden. The study sample was from patients with unknown cause of subfertilitie’s problem and they visit NPFDB Subfertilitie’s Clinic, Headquarters, from June 2010 to May 2012. The sampling method was random. The patient and researcher do not know the treatment regimen to be initiated until a closed sample containing the treatment regimen code number is opened by the patient before starting treatment. Data were collected, recorded and anlyzed using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) software. Although originally a total of 90 female patients were targeted to be recruited into this study. 30 patients for each type of FSH hormone, but at the end of the study only 39 patients met all eligibility criteria and agreed to participate in this study. The result showed that average of the patients was 28.3 years and the majority were ethnic Malays (76.9%). Most of the patients had a household income between RM 5,000.00 and RM 10,000.00 (51.4%). The percentage of patients requiring more than three injections to procedure mature follicles was lowest for Folliova (41.7%), compared with Menopur (50.0%) and Gonal F (55.6%). Similarly in terms of the number of follicles produced, the Folliova regime (58.3%) produced more follicles (more than three follicles) than other regimes. A total of 16.7 percent of patients who took Menopur injections were confirmed pregnant, while no pregnany occurred among patients who took Folliova and Gonal F. In terms of cost, at the time of this study, the price of three 75IU injections was RM 334.20 for Gonal F, RM 187.20 for Folliova and RM 271.20 for Menopur. In conclusion, this study shows that, hp-uFSH (Menopur) gives the highest pregnancy rate compared to Gonal F and Folliova. Furthemore, the price of Menopur is moderate (affordable) for patients. Therefore, highly purified urinary FSH is a good gonadotropin choice for couples with unexplained subfertility undergoing an IUI procedure and it may be the main choice for patients who need a combination fertility pill stimulation regimen and gonadotropin injections. As a suggestion, such a study should be conducted with a larger sample size to obtain more significant results and be representative of actual population.
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Report on Malaysian Family Well-Being Index 2016
Item Type: Research Report
Editor:
Year: 00/00/2017
Abstract: The NPFDB (2011) defined family well-being as a safe, healthy, comfortable, harmonious and satisfying family condition. This definition covers various aspects, such as spiritual satisfaction and comfort in respect of their economy and finance; mental, psychosocial, and health; political: and sustainability. Family Well-Being Index (FWBI) 2016 measured the level of family well-being through a household's assessment by the father or mother regarding the well-being of their families. This index examined the level of well-being in terms of family relationships, family economy, family relationships, family economy, family health, family safety, family and community involvement, religious and spiritual practices, housing and the environment, and family and communications technologies in the country. The overall FWBI 2016 score was 7.33 out of a maximum score of 10.
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Report on key findings Fifth Malaysian Population and Family survey (MPFS-5) 2014
Item Type: Research Report
Editor:
Year: 01/12/2016
Abstract: The 2014 Malaysian Population and Family Survey is the fifth in a series of surveys conducted by the NPFDB every 10 years since 1974. This fifth survey was funded by the Economic Planning Unit of the Prime Minister’s Department under the 10th Malaysia Plan allocation. In conducting the survey, the NPFDB received tremendous cooperation and support from various agencies at federal and state levels as well as from nongovernmental organisations. The purpose of this survey was to collect the latest information and time series data in respect of demography, family and reproductive health of the Malaysian population. It also aimed to update the indicators obtained based on the previous surveys in the series. The MPFS-5 provides specific information on the population, household, family formation, fertility, family planning, family life, health practices, elderly as well as the social and sexual behaviours of the adolescents. It also collected the latest information on career and family balance, well-being, breastfeeding, secondary infertility, financial management, intergenerational assistance and the use of social media.
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Research on risk and protective factors affecting adolescents' sexual and reproductive health in Sabah & Sarawak 2015
Item Type: Research Report
Editor:
Year: 09/09/2016
Abstract: A quarter of the world population (1.8 billion) consists of people aged 10-24 years (UN DESA, 2009). Adolescents is a phase of life whereby they have opportunities for developing healthy behaviours, which can determine the future pattern of adulth health. However, for most adolescents, this is the phase of self-discovery whereby they undergo biological, psychological, social and economic changes in their life. Curiosity and experimentation are normal among them where certain behaviours would place adolescents at risk of undesired consequences of their activity.
There are various biological, social, educational and psychological risk factors that predispose adolescents to unhealthy and unsafe sexual phenomena such as premarital sex, having multiple sexual partners, unwanted pregnancy, early childbearing and illegal abortion. In terms of biological factors, early menarche, being male men and older age were found to be the significant risk factors. In addition, social factors including unemployment, peer influence (peer/ friends who have had sexual experience) and use of the substance such as alcohol, tend to increase the tendency of unsafe and unhealthy sexual practices (WHO, 2004). Besides, lack of sexual reproductive health information and skills in negotiating sexual relationship, inaccessibility of youth-friendly SRH services are other risk factors that had been identified (Low, 2006).
Although there is limited data on teenage pregnancy in Malaysia, the increasing reports on incidences of abandoned babies indicate that increased premarital sexual intercourse resulted in unwanted pregnancies among unmarried adolescents. From 2005 to March 2014, it was reported that there were 561 cases of baby dumping (RMP, 2014; Mansoor, 2014). the number of reports of abortion indicates that there is an increase in the number of extramarital sex among unmarried adolescents. Many 51 cases of infant abandonment were reported in 2005 to March 2014 (PDRM, 2014; Mansoor, 2014).
In 2012, a study was conducted to identify the risk and protective factors of adolescents in Peninsular Malaysia (NPFDB, 2015). There has been a dearth of studies on adolescents’ SRH in Sabah and Sarawak. Therefore, studies on SRH among this sub-population are warranted. Furthermore, there are differences in terms of demographic characteristics compared to Peninsular Malaysia. Based on these findings, more specific educational and intervention programmes tailored to the needs of the adolescents in Sabah and Sarawak need to be planned and implemented in order to prevent them from engaging in risky sexual behaviours. The objective of this study was to determine the risk and protective factors related to sexual and reproductive health (SRH) of adolescents in Sabah and Sarawak.
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Faktor risiko dan pelindung terhadap kesihatan seksual dan reproduktif remaja di Semenanjung Malaysia
Item Type: Research Report
Editor:
Year: 00/00/2015
Abstract: In Malaysia, statistics from the National Registration Department (NRD) show that a total of 214,033 illegitimate children were born from 2004 to 2009. While statistics from the Royal Malaysia Police (RMP) show that 596 cases of baby abandonment were reported from 2005 to 2013. For the total number of rape crimes in among teenagers under the age of 18, PDRM statistics show an increase from 1,710 cases in 2006 to 2,658 cases in 2013. The increase in such cases shows that today's teenagers face the problem of moral decay and fragility of identity which is a concern of Malaysian society. Accordingly, knowledge of sexual and reproductive health can help adolescents avoid negative symptoms such as cases of extramarital pregnancies and social symptoms related to sexuality. The objective of this study was to (i). to study the prevalence of unhealthy sexual behavior among adolescents aged 13-24 years in peninsular Malaysia; (ii). identify risk factors related to adolescent sexual and reproductive health (ASRH); and (iii). identify protective factors related to ASRH. This study was implemented using two (2) main approaches, namely quantitative and qualitative methods. The design of the quantitative study was successfully conducted on 5,088 adolescents aged 13 to 24 years. The qualitative study involved a total of eight (8) Focus Group Discussions (FGD) conducted in eight (8) selected detention centers and shelter hostels located in several states in Peninsular Malaysia.
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Family Well-Being Index Report Malaysia 2011
Item Type: Research Report
Editor:
Year: 00/00/2015
Abstract: In the past few decades, Malaysia has and is still undergoing a process of rapid social and economic development. This is a result of policies implemented by the government such as the New Development Policy (1991-2000), National Vision Policy (2001-2010) and Government Transformation Programme (2010-2020) which all aim to transform Malaysia into a developed and competitive country. However, the processes has imposed increased demands on the family institution because of the responsibilities and the challenges faced by the family
itself. The family institution must be strengthened to offset the rapid process of social and economic development. This is important because family is the basic social unit which prepares and supplies human capital resources for national development. Given the importance of family well-being to the future of the country, a scientific study needs to be conducted to measure the level of well-being of families in Malaysia. Measuring family well-being is crucial as it can indirectly measure the impact of the implementation of national social and economic development policies on families and the extent to which the implemented policies and programmes are successful or otherwise. Hence, this study has identified suitable indicators that can provide
information about the well-being of families in Malaysia. Subsequently,
based on the identified indicators, a Family Well-Being Index (FWI) was
developed to measure the current well-being of the family as well as
to be used in policy formulation, planning for implementation of future
research, the development of new programmes and services, and
expansion of the existing programmes.
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Laporan Kajian Pekerja Indonesia di Bahagian Tawau, Sabah
Item Type: Research Report
Editor:
Year: 00/12/2014
Abstract: In 2009, the National Population and Family Development (NPFDB) has implemented a Strategic Plan Review Second Population (KPSK-2) which takes consider relevant new policies and scenarios demographics and families as well as changes that occurred over a period of a decade and a half let go. One of the components found in this study is concerned with international migration. Results from KPSK-2 and several surveys specifically that has been done in Sabah, found the presence of foreign workers in that amount large in Sabah has resulted in stress to basic social services in particular from the aspect of health and education. In addition that, it also puts pressure as well security and political concerns. Accordingly, in 2010, Ministry of Women, Family and Development The community through NPFDB has run Study of Indonesian Workers in Tawau Division, Sabah to collect information simultaneously from various categories of respondents consisting of Indonesian workers, residents local and employers who use Indonesian employee services. The main objective of the study this is to collect sociodemographic information of Indonesian workers, entry factors, involvement by sector and type of occupation, the impact of admission on the local population and proposed approaches or measures that suitable for employee management and control Indonesia in this country. The fieldwork of the study has taken time for two weeks i.e. from 24 November to 6 December 2010. The location of this study is in the Tawau Division which covers the district Tawau, Kunak and Semporna. For the election sample of Indonesian workers and employers, framework sampling used in the study this is a list of employers who employ Indonesian workers derived from Department of Manpower of Tawau, Kunak and Semporna. Next, the sampling method on a quota basis and comfortably used to select both categories of respondents. Share selection of local population samples, methods comfortable sampling was used given the absence of a sampling frame locals who have employees Indonesia in their community. As a result, information from 896 Indonesian workers, 787 locals and 37 people employers have been successfully collected. Results of interviews conducted against Indonesian workers, found two main factors their migration to Sabah was for looking for more jobs and income height. In addition, migration factors not an economy like strategic geography, the presence of family or relatives and religious and cultural similarities as well affecting their migration here. Results of interviews with locals in turn found most of them to be of the opinion
that the migration of Indonesian workers here is due to the position factor of Tawau which is located adjacent to Indonesia and following in the footsteps of relatives or friends who have or have worked here. Besides, it is also influenced by the unemployment rate high in their country of origin and opportunity more wide open work here.
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Kajian kesedaran dan pengetahuan orang awam mengenai infertiliti
Item Type: Research Report
Editor:
Year: 00/01/2014
Abstract: The study conducted by the Human Reproductive Division, National Population and Family Development Board aims to identify the extent of the public awareness and knowledge about infertility. The sampling method of the study is convenience sampling; involving the display of questionnaires on other websites are also provided. The completed questionnaires were collected, recorded and analyzed using SPSS software. The statistical analysis carried out is descriptive statistics and the Chi-square Test.
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Kajian Penilaian Modul Pendidikan Kesihatan Reproduktif dan Sosial (PKRS) dalam kalangan Pelatih PLKN
Item Type: Research Report
Editor:
Year: 00/00/2011
Abstract: Adolescents are the future leaders of the country and have a huge influence on the social, economic and political situation of the country. However, with the presence of various social problems that plague teenagers today, it is feared that it will affect their future which in turn is detrimental to the country. The Ministry of Women, Family and Community Development (MWFCD) has taken the initiative by developing the Reproductive and Social Health Education Policy and Action Plan (PKRS) which aims to produce individuals who are knowledgeable and have a positive attitude in the field of reproductive and social health. Under this PKRS program, the National Population and Family Development Board (NPFDB) is one (1) of the agencies that implement the program. In line with the implementation of this policy, the National Service Training Council has agreed with MWFCD's proposal for PKRS to be implemented in PLKN. Following that, NPFDB has implemented one (1) Pre and Post Test Study to trainees to assess the level of knowledge and perception on reproductive and social health before and after the teaching of this PKRS module is conducted. This study also aimed to examine the sexual and reproductive behaviors of trainees.
This study was conducted in 2011 in a cross section on PLKN Trainees aged 17 years and above in selected National Service Training Camps in Malaysia using independent random sampling. The total sample required was 1,038 people. The calculation of this sample size is based on an estimated 31,200 PLKN trainees who are required to attend training using Confidence Interval (95%), Margin of Error (1.5%) and Prevalence of Having Sex Out of Wedlock Among Adolescents (6.5%), (Naing L, 2006). Questionnaires were developed according to the needs and objectives of the study. One-third of the questions of this questionnaire were adapted from an international study, namely the Youth Risk Surveillance Survey, 2011 but adapted according to the objectives of the study and the culture of the community in Malaysia. The method of questionnaire administration was self administered. The scope of the questionnaire covers three (3) domains namely demographic information, knowledge and attitudes towards reproductive and social health as well as adolescent sexual behavior. A total of 1,300 pieces of assessment forms (pre and post -test) were distributed during the first teaching session of the module. Of that number, only 1,063 forms were received for analysis. After the initial analysis was conducted, it was found that there were some questions that were not fully answered by the respondents. Therefore, the data analysis will vary according to the number of participants who answered for each section. In total, a total of 1,063 respondents were successfully covered in 13 training camps nationwide.
The results of the descriptive analysis showed that the respondents consisted of 57.8% male adolescents and 42.2% female. The majority of respondents were aged between 17 to 19 years (95.6%) with a mean age of around 18 years. Based on the ethnic composition, 66.7% are Malays, 15.3% Chinese, 4.2% Indians and 13.8% are other ethnicities including Sabah and Sarawak Bumiputera. Most respondents have SPM education (95.6%) and are unmarried (99.6%).
The overall findings of the study can be summarized that the level of respondents' knowledge on reproductive and sexual health increased significantly (p <0.05) after undergoing the PKRS module with an increase in mean knowledge score of 7.04±2.2 (before undergoing the module) to 9.17±2.1. A total of 71.1% of respondents obtained a score of 9 out of 12 items (75.0%) and above after undergoing the module. There was a significant change in attitudes (p <0.05) on reproductive and social health after undergoing PKRS training. This indirectly shows that this PKRS module seeks to help respondents change their attitudes in a more positive direction.
A total of 10.4% of respondents admitted to having had sex. The mean age of having sex for the first time is about 15 years. 45.5 percent of them had sex with more than one partner. Only 2.1 percent admitted to being sexually attracted to the same sex with 18.2% of them admitting to having had same -sex sex.
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Kajian faktor-faktor penghalang wanita berkahwin menjalani ujian pap smear
Item Type: Research Report
Editor:
Year: 00/00/2010
Abstract: Cervical cancer is the second most dangerous threat to women that not only lead to a loss of pregnancy, but can even be life threatening. 12.9 percent of all cancer deaths among women are also due to this cancer. Unfortunately, 80% of women who are first diagnosed with cervical cancer are already at serious stage and cannot be treated properly even though cervical cancer screening programs such as Pap Smear have existed since 1943. Statistics released by the Ministry of Health Malaysia through the 2003 National Cancer Registry Report showed, even after the implementation of the Pap Smear program, the incidence rate of cervical cancer has increased where in 1990 the incidence rate was 13.3 per 100,000 women compared to 19.7 per 100,000 women in 2003. This illustrates that the Pap Smear program in Malaysia is not comprehensive and not practiced by those who need it which is women who have started sexual activity.
Therefore, the National Population and Family Development Board (LPPKN) has conducted a study in relation to cervical cancer screening or Pap Smear test. This study aimed to provide information on sociodemographic characteristics and reproductive history, women’s awareness on pap screening tests, women’s risk perceptions of cervical cancer, women’s attitudes towards the importance of Pap Smear testing and prevalence of Pap Smear screening test practice. This cross -sectional study was conducted in the Klang Valley, Melaka, Perak and Terengganu using purposive sampling. The total sample was 1000 people. The study population consisted of once married women aged between 20-65 years. This includes married women, widows and widowers. The conditions for rejecting the sample are ineligible women, such as unmarried women, non-Malaysian citizens and women who have had cervical cancer.
The collection of research data is through interviews based on the text of the questionnaire provided. Respondents will be interviewed by interviewers who have been trained to obtain accurate information. To achieve the objectives of the study, the analysis used is descriptive analysis, chi-square test and t test. Therefore, based on the analysis that has been conducted, the prevalence of female Pap Smear test is 55.2 percent. Respondents showed a positive attitude when asked about the importance of Pap Smear test compared to other examinations, many of whom thought that this test was very important (92.7 percent). Only 4.2 percent considered the Pap Smear test not important and there were a few who could not provide certainty about its importance (3.1 percent). Not many can measure the risk they are facing to get cervical cancer as 377 (41.5 percent) people are unaware of the cancer risk they are facing. However, there were a total of 276 (30.4 percent) women who were confident that they were not at risk at all. Only 7.7 percent received a high risk of this cancer, moderate risk (5.6 percent) and low risk (14.9 percent).
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A Study on health status of youth in Malaysia
Item Type: Research Report
Editor:
Year: 00/00/2010
Abstract: This study analyzed health screening of 22,840 youths, who were distributed equally by ethnicity and camp sessions. Based on the analysis, 21.6% of youths were underweight, 18.1% pre-obese and 10.3% obese, with 0.3% perceived having body image disorders. With regards to sexual and reproductive health issues, 39.6% admitted viewing pornographic materials, 28.5% practiced masturbation, 6.5% engaged in premarital sexual relationships, 5.5% had multiple partners and 1.6% had been involved in homosexual relationships. History of abortion was discovered by 0.5% of the respondents. Almost a quarter of the youths were smokers, while 8.7% had consumed alcohol and 1.4% admitted taking drugs. The study also revealed that 6.2% of respondents reported to have past involvement in bully and 14.1% in fight. About 7.1% of the respondents revealed they had been physically abused while 1.2% of them had been sexually abused. Mental health problems were noted in 27.5% of the youths, with depression in 9.8% of the youths, anxiety in 20.7% and suicidal ideation in 11.8%. Psycho-social problems such as substance use, antisocial behavior, physical/sexual abuse and mental health problems among youth are interrelated with common risk and protective factors. Management of psycho-social problems in youths should be holistic; looking into risk and protective factors. Programs and interventions should focus on strengthening of protective factors among youth such as family connectedness and religiosity.
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Kajian Pendapat Remaja dan Isu Sosial : mencari penyelesaian
Item Type: Research Report
Editor:
Year: 00/00/2010
Abstract: Introduction of Reproductive and Social Health Education Policy and Action of Plan (PKRS) has been developed which aims to produce individuals who are knowledgeable and have a positive attitude in the field of reproductive and social health. Under the PKRS program, the National Population and Family Development Board (NPFDB) has been given the mandate as the main agency in implementing the program. One of the programs is the Life Skills Program for teenagers which uses two (2) modules, namely the Cakna Diri Module (I’m In Control) and the Kesejahteraan Hidup Module. The purpose of this module developed is to improve adolescents' skills in aspects of reproductive health in order to avoid high-risk behaviors that lead to several problems such as premarital pregnancies, sexually transmitted diseases and HIV. Therefore, an opinion poll was conducted to see the general view on social issues of adolescents, especially from the aspect of reproductive health and the implementation of the Life Skills Program for adolescents.
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Tingkah laku seks di kalangan warga 45 tahun dan ke atas
Item Type: Research Report
Editor:
Year: 00/00/2006
Abstract: An opinion survey on 'Sexual Behavior Among Citizens 45 Years and Above' which was first conducted by the Human Reproduction Division (BRM) was conducted in the Klang Valley area from February to June 2003. The 'Convenience Sampling' sampling method was used where respondents who meet certain criteria fill in the questionnaire themselves. A total of 473 respondents consisting of 50.1% Malays, Indians (26.6%) and Chinese (23.3%) where men (53.5%) outnumber than women (46.5%). The majority of respondents comprised the age group of 50-59 years (41.25%). From the 220 female respondents, only 7.3% took hormone replacement therapy. The results of the study found that the importance and satisfaction of sex decreases with age where it is more pronounced among women than men. The frequency of sexual intercourse is performed in the range of 4-8 times a month (46.3%). Although only 16.7% of respondents had sex-related problems, 70.9% of them did not know the source of help and treatment for their problems. Among those who received treatment, 56.4% chose to seek modern treatment. 55.7% of respondents with sexual problems have at least one chronic disease. A total of 85.6% disagreed and looked for another partner as a way out of sex -related problems. Expectations for better sex in the future are still high at 69.1%. In conclusion, for middle-aged and above despite the declining importance of sexual intercourse, their right to access to knowledge and services related to sexual problems needs to be addressed immediately, especially by medical practitioners, especially the Human Reproduction Division and LPPKN in general. A systematic and ‘gender-sensitive’ approach can help overcome the problem of family institutional breakdown and problems related to incest.
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Implementation of the ICPD-PoA in Malaysia
Item Type: Research Report
Editor:
Year: 00/00/2004
Abstract: The International Conference on Population and Development (ICPD) held in Cairo in 1994 was regarded as a landmark in the population and development field. At this conference,179 countries,including Malaysia,adopted a 20-year Programme of Action(PoA).The ICPD-PoA calls for empowering of women and providing them with more choices through access to education and health services and promoting skill development and employment.The PoA includes goals in regard to education, especially for girls, and for further reduction of infant, child and maternal mortality levels. It also addresses issues relating population;the environment and consumption patterns; the family; internal and international migration; prevention and control of the HIV/AIDS pandemic; information,education and communication;and research and development.This report assesses the progress made by Malaysia in the implementation of ICPD-PoA and in meeting the Millennium Development goals (MDGs). It provides a situational analysis of the population,development,reproductive health and gender related issues, and discusses the various policies and programmes implemented to achieve the objectives of ICPD-PoA. It also emerging challenges and opportunities and put forth some recommended strategies to further strengthen ICPD-PoA implementation in Malaysia.
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Laporan Kajian Penduduk dan Keluarga Malaysia, 2004: Semenanjung Malaysia
Item Type: Research Report
Editor:
Year: 00/00/2004
Abstract: The Malaysian Population and Family Survey (MPFS) is a series of studies conducted by the National Population and Family Development Board (NPFDB) every ten years since 1974. This report of the Malaysian Population and Family Survey 2004, Peninsular Malaysia is divided into six main sections, namely population background and households, marriage and fertility, reproductive health and health practices, family life, adolescents, the elderly and singlehood. Analysis as well done by making a comparison with previous MPFS studies and statistical data from the Department of Statistics Malaysia.
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Laporan Kajian Penduduk dan Keluarga Malaysia, 2004 : Sabah
Item Type: Research Report
Editor:
Year: 00/00/2004
Abstract: This report of Malaysian Population and Family Survey 2004 (MPFS-4), Sabah is the result of the findings of the 4th Malaysian Population and Family Survey in Sabah and has been divided into six main sections; population background and households, marriage and fertility, reproductive health and health practices, family life, and adolescents, elderly and singlehood.
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Laporan Kajian Penduduk dan Keluarga Malaysia, 2004 : Sarawak
Item Type: Research Report
Editor:
Year: 00/00/2004
Abstract: This report of the Malaysian Population and Family Survey 2004, Sarawak is divided into six main sections, namely population background and households, marriage and fertility, reproductive health and health practices, family life, adolescents, the elderly and singlehood. Analysis as well done by making a comparison with previous MPFS studies and statistical data from the Department of Statistics Malaysia.
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Wanita hari ini: anak atau kerjaya 2002-2003
Item Type: Research Report
Editor:
Year: 00/12/2003
Abstract: The participation of women in the labor force has increased from 37.0 percent in 1971 to 42.0 percent in 1991 and 46.9 percent in 2001. This increase is directly not only increase the number of women working but working spouses. The growing number of working couples has raised some challenges that need to be addressed wisely. Among these challenges is the increasing needs of child care services, maid and time management in discharging its responsibilities as a wife, mother and employee, and that is as important as the son and daughter-in-law for who still have parents and parent-in-law. This study is to explore the extent to which women today give preference between career and family, whether they want to increase the number of children or career development, and the factors that influence their choice. The study sample includes 2.909 women working in the public and private sectors who are 40 years and under, are married and have at least one child aged under 13 years. Overall, the mean number of children a woman is owned by a total of 2.4 people. Meanwhile, the mean ideal number of children who think they are up to 4 people. Nearly 14.0 percent of working couples in conflict between family and career. Due to child care problems, 8.3 percent of women had to quit work and 7.8 per cent had to take leave without pay. New initiatives and implemented if there is a desire to boost the female employees to increase the number of children or not, such as subsidized child care costs, while the policy stops working women, child care services in the workplace, child care services in the area of residence, and flexible working hours.
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Kajian Penduduk dan Keluarga Setinggan di Lima Bandar Utama, Semenanjung Malaysia
Item Type: Research Report
Editor:
Year: 00/00/2001
Abstract: This study is to collect information on the population and squatter families from the demographic and socio-economic aspects. A total of 1.423 dwellings in slum areas has been carried out censorship. Of this amount, a total of 7.310 identified household members and 1,308 ever married women aged 15 to 49 years were selected. The study was conducted in five major cities in Peninsular Malaysia, namely, Ipoh, Sungai Petani, Petaling Jaya, Kuala Lumpur and Johor Bahru. The study covers the demographic information, housing and environmental conditions, the labor force participation, aspects of migration and relocation, neighborhood issues and community life, family interaction and communication between family members, reproductive health and health practices, child care issues, aspirations / hope respondents about their children's education in the future, and interaction respondent / husband with parents.
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Kajian kesan pendatang asing ke atas penduduk tempatan: 'satu tinjauan di Mukim Setapak dan Ulu Kelang'
Item Type: Research Report
Editor:
Year: 01/12/2000
Abstract: This study was conducted to gather information on the impact of immigrants on the local aspect of demographic, economic, social, education, employment, health and safety. By using qualitative methods, fieldwork has successfully interviewed include locals, foreigners, government officials and community leaders. The study found that over 70 percent of respondents say that the locals immigrants chose Malaysia because of the economic opportunities and family ties with the local people. In addition, a stable political situation is also a cause of withdrawal immigrants into Malaysia. Almost half of the immigrants use the health facilities provided by the government. This causes the local population to resort to private clinics / hospitals that indirectly increase the cost of family expenses.
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Profil keluarga/Family profile Malaysia
Item Type: Research Report
Editor:
Year: 00/00/1999
Abstract: The book on Family Profile: Findings of studies contains information from studies done by NPFDB namely Population and Family Survey,1984 and 1994, The socio-Economic effects of population Ageing in Malaysia,1986, Malaysian Family life Survey 1988, Sub-National District population Survey (Kajian Penduduk Daerah) 1992. A survey on the Effects of Socio-Economic Development on Family and Gender Relations in Kuala Lumpur,1995, Adolescents Social Behaviour in Malaysia 1994/95, Adolescents Social Behaviour 1993 and Terengganu, 1995 and Adolescents Reproductive Health and Sexual Behaviour in Malaysia, 1994/95.The findings of these studies have been analysed and arranged according to the changing patterns and trends that have occurred to families since 1986. Some of these studies are representative of Peninsular Malaysia while others are confined only to certain areas of the Peninsular. Nevertheless, the description of situations derived from these findings are consistent and reliable.
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Profil penduduk/Population profile Malaysia
Item Type: Research Report
Editor:
Year: 00/00/1999
Abstract: This report aims at providing comprehensive information on population dynamics which covers fertility, mortality and migration. The information which has been gathered from the study findings of NPFDB, population censuses and vital statistics, is presented in a user friendly style for easy reference. It is envisaged that this information will provide useful input for public sector planning as well as the formulation of policies and implementation of programmes. The private sector, on the other hand will find it useful for the planning of businesses and industries.
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Effects of socio-economic development on family and gender relations in Malaysia, 1995: focussing on Kuala Lumpur
Item Type: Research Report
Editor:
Year: 00/04/1998
Abstract: This study attempts to inquire into the effects of socio economic development on families and gender relations in Malaysia societies living in urban areas, focusing on the capital city of Kuala Lumpur. These effects which the research attempts to study are found in the everyday lives of the Malaysian families such as family bonds, family satisfactions, identities, attitudes, norms, conjugal relations, parent and child relations and the family's support network. A total of 1,200 respondents consisting of males and females, aged 18 years and above living in and around Kuala Lumpur and within the Klang Valley had been selected for the survey.
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Laporan kajian penduduk Daerah Semenanjung Malaysia, 1992
Item Type: Research Report
Editor:
Year: 00/01/1998
Abstract: This study was conducted to gather information on population and family at sub national levels and to provide a set of data on the trends and patterns and the distribution of life in the state and district. This study covers all eighty-two districts in Peninsular Malaysia. A total of 26,877 male and female respondents were interviewed.
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Study on childcare & parenting styles among working parents in Peninsular Malaysia 1998
Item Type: Research Report
Editor:
Year: 00/00/1998
Abstract: The Study on Childcare and Parenting Styles among working Parents in Malaysia is one of the three research issues on the family that has been identified by the Ministry of National Unity and Social Development under the "Pelan Induk Tindakan Sosial (PINTAS)". This survey is timely in view of the many challenges faced by Malaysian families who have been affected directly or indirectly by modernisation, urbanisation and industrialisation as a result of socio-economic development. Female labour force participation has increased from 37 per cent in 1970 to 42 per cent in 1991 and is expected to reach 52 per cent by year 2000. The objectives of the study were: • To study the current situation in childcare arrangements among working parents and to elicit suggestions from them regarding improvements in childcare. • To study parenting styles among working parents and to make recommendations for better parenting practices. • To use findings from the study as an input towards designing strategies and programs for the betterment of families. • To obtain indicators on childcare and parenting for the monitoring of goals and targets in the National Plan of Action on Children.
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The National Study on reproductive health and sexuality of adolescents in Malaysia 1994/1995
Item Type: Research Report
Editor:
Year: 00/00/1996
Abstract: The National Study on Reproductive Health and Sexuality of Adolescents in Malaysia was initiated with the aim of formulating a National Programme on Reproductive Health for Adolescents. The specific objectives of the study are:
i. to establish the status of the knowledge, attitude
and practice of adolescents with regard to sexual
and reproductive health,
ii. to identify the constraints that adolescents face in
seeking information and service relating to sexual
and reproductive health,
iii. to obtain the participation of adolescents in the
design and implementation of programmes and
activities for their own welfare.
The single most expected outcome of the Study on Reproductive Health and Sexuality of Adolescents in Malaysia is a Cabinet memorandum which will propose appropriate policy and programme changes for the promotion and maintenance of optimal reproductive health among Malaysian adolescents geared towards the year 2020. This Memorandum will serve as a vital national reference and benchmark for evaluating future trends and patterns. It will be the basis for the reorientation of values, attitudes and approaches for the management of sexuality and reproductive health of adolescents in the country.
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Laporan kajian kekeluargaan dan pelajar sekolah menengah Semenanjung Malaysia 1994/95
Item Type: Research Report
Editor:
Year: 00/00/1996
Abstract: Disciplinary problems among the student are the hot issue that being discuss in our community nowadays. If this problem is not prevented immediately, misbehaviour or disciplinary cases will continue to increase and is about to expose students to more misbehaviour such as theft, blackmail, molesting, involved in triad ,drug addiction and so on. Many discussions about student discipline problems was held, either by the related agencies, associations, schools, parent or communities. According to the report of the Ministry of Education, several key factors are identified as the main cause of disciplinary problems such as school climate less attractive, psychological and familial factors. Detailed and comprehensive study should be conducted to identify family factors that may contribute to or cause students to behave as such. Consequently,a Family Studies and Student Discipline covering high school student and parent / guardian has been carried out in Peninsular Malaysia by the National Population and Family Development Board (NPFDB) in collaboration with the School Division, Ministry of Education and the State Education Departments
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Kajian kekeluargaan dan pelajar sekolah menengah Semenanjung Malaysia 1994/95: penemuan penting
Item Type: Research Report
Editor:
Year: 00/00/1994
Abstract: This report summarized the key findings from the report of Family and High School Students Study conducted by the National Population and Family Development Board (NPFDB) in collaboration with the Ministry of Education, Malaysia in 1994. The study covered a total of 1089 students from levels two to five selected from 91 secondary schools in Peninsular Malaysia. Among the 535 students who were selected from those having a record of misconduct while the other 554 did not have a record of misconduct. This study also includes parents of students selected to obtain status information that can be related to the behavior of the students surveyed.
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Report of the Malaysian Family Life Survey-II 1988
Item Type: Research Report
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Year: 00/00/1992
Abstract: MFLS-2 was, in part, a follow-up to the original Malaysian Family Life Survey, fielded in 1976-1977, reinterviewing original respondents and their adult children, plus interviewing a new group of women age 18-49 in 1988. The information that is collected are household-level retrospective and current data from women and their husbands, covering such topics as fertility, nuptiality, migration, mortality, employment, household composition, transfers, and income as well as social, economic, and community-level factors affecting family decision making. MFLS-2 added a sample of older Malaysians to support research on their living standards, health, and intergenerational transfers.
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Report of the Population and Family Survey in Sarawak - 1989
Item Type: Research Report
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Year: 00/00/1992
Abstract: The main objective of the Population and Family Survey in Sarawak was to provide necessary data for the formulation, implementation and evaluation of population and family development programmes, in line with national objectives. Specifically, the survey was conducted to collect information on socio-cultural determinants of fertility and maternity patterns, fertility preferences and behaviour, female labour force participation, childcare arrangement, family life, family planning practices, socio-economic status of subgroups, as well as population profiles and migratory patterns.
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Report of The Population and Family Survey in Sabah - 1989
Item Type: Research Report
Editor:
Year: 00/00/1992
Abstract: The main objective of the survey was to provide necessary data for the formulation, implementation and evaluation of population and family development programmes, in line with national objectives. Specifically, the survey was conducted to collect information on socio-cultural determinants of fertility and maternity patterns, fertility preferences and behaviour, female labour force participation, childcare arrangement, family life, family planning practices, socio-economic status of subgroups, as well as population profiles and migration patterns.
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Action -oriented research and training for improved management of population programme
Item Type: Research Report
Editor:
Year: 00/00/1986
Abstract: This study was conducted with the aim to identify and clarify some of the management issues and problem involved in the implementation of family planning services to all strata across the country.It has also hopes to develop improved management concepts for the application to the family planning programmes. The case study covered three states in Peninsular Malaysia, namely, Selangor, Terengganu and Penang. Upon visiting NPFDB family planning clinics of the three states, 175 respondents are identified.
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Survey on health and family planning in Johore and Perak Malaysia
Item Type: Research Report
Editor:
Year: 00/00/1982
Abstract: The Malaysian project on Studies on Health and Family Planning aims to make a comprehensive analysis of the state of the health care and family planning service and delivery systems in Malaysia to enable health and population planners and administrators in more effective planning and programme management. This study will include traditional medicine in relation to health and family planning.
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Ethnicity, attitude and fertility survey
Item Type: Research Report
Editor:
Year: 00/00/1980
Abstract: The objectives of this study is to provide information of ethnic differentials in fertility and associated cultural practices in Malaysia, to test hypotheses explaining the differentials or linking the differentials to cultural practices and social structure and to assess the role of the fertility differentials in perceptions of ethnic relations.
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Study on childcare needs of low income women in urban Malaysia
Item Type: Research Report
Editor:
Year: 00/09/1979
Abstract: The project "Child care needs of low income women" focused on the needs of families of each ethnic group in urban Kuala Lumpur. Nearly 500 couples, both husbands and wives, were interviewed to determine the differing problems faced by working and nonworking women in their effort to care for their children and provide for their basic needs. Low income families in selected squatter areas and low-cost flat complexes in Kuala Lumpur.
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Study on migration: study of four major cities in Peninsular Malaysia
Item Type: Research Report
Editor:
Year: 00/00/1979
Abstract: This study aims at providing some information about the origin of the migrants in terms of place of birth and previous residence and reason for making the moves. The problem of excessive population growth rate in the metropolitan areas of less developed countries has been a major area of concern. In Peninsular Malaysia, the average annual population growth rate in urban areas during the 1970-1980 period was 4.7 per cent while in the rural areas it was only 0.9 per cent. This difference was due not only to differences in rates of natural increase but mainly because of internal migration. Such trends in migration will have significant demographic and socio-economic effects on both the rural and urban areas. Studies on internal migration in Malaysia have focus primarily on the analysis of levels and trends, using data available from population census. Information obtained from such data are rather limited and thus sample surveys have been conducted to gather detailed information regarding reasons for migration, migrants characteristics, migration related decision-making process and post-migration adaptation.
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Study on the evaluation of the effectiveness of IEC materials in family planning programme
Item Type: Research Report
Editor:
Year: 00/00/1978
Abstract: The objectives of the study are: i) to determine the extent to which IEC (information,education and communication) printed materials have had an effect on creating a favourable attitude towards the concept of planned parenthood, ii) to gauge the actual needs of the people with regards to IEC materials and to utilise these findings in future production of materials which will provide a better and deeper understanding of the concept of planned parenthood.
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Study of integration project of family planning and parasite control
Item Type: Research Report
Editor:
Year: 00/00/1978
Abstract: The objectives of this study is to make plans to offers in and give information about family planning services and parasite control and to establish and strengthen family planning services in line with national planning and policy.
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Malaysian Fertility and Family Survey - 1974
Item Type: Research Report
Editor:
Year: 00/04/1977
Abstract: The Malaysian Fertility and Family Survey (MFFS) embodies two major objectives, one international and one national. Internationally, the MFFS is part of the World fertility Survey (WFS) programme, aimed at studying human fertility and reproductive behaviour. Nationally it responds to the need for reliable data on the Knowledge, Attitudes and Practice (KAP) of family planning on which to base national planning of population programmes.
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Family and Health Survey in the Federal Territory and Petaling Jaya
Item Type: Research Report
Editor:
Year: 00/00/1977
Abstract: The main objectives of this study is to provide basic demographic data for the Federal Territory and Petaling Jaya, and to provide estimates of the family planning knowledge, attitude and practices and to identify measures to improve family planning services. The survey covered a total of 3,679 household in Federal Territory and Petaling Jaya.
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Family planning acceptor survey
Item Type: Research Report
Editor:
Year: 00/00/1977
Abstract: The objective of this survey is to evaluate the on-going family planning programme and to identify factor that are helpful for the successful implementation of The National Programme in terms of better acceptance and continuity of contraception.This study covering a total of 3,750 family planning recipients who use the pill for years 1975,1976 and the first four months of 1977 and also some of those who make use of other modern methods. This study also involving 70 districts in peninsular Malaysia.
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Family and health survey in the intensive input demonstration areas (IIDA II)
Item Type: Research Report
Editor:
Year: 00/00/1976
Abstract: The objective of this study is to subsequent evaluation to measure the impact of the integration of family planning and health services in rural areas. Some of the major findings in this survey are: 78% married below 20 years of age. The mean age at first marriage is 17 years old. One in five ever married women had two or more marriages.
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The report on West Malaysian Family Survey 1966-1967
Item Type: Research Report
Editor:
Year: 00/01/1968
Abstract: The data presented in this report was collected under the Statistics Act, No 34, 1965 by the Department of Statistics. This report is the First Malaysia-Wide Family survey was conducted at the end of 1966 and the beginning of 1967 with the objective of the finding Knowledge, Attitude and Practice of the people in Family Planning.
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Scientific Poster (36)
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Coronavirus diseases (COVID-19) and psychological distress among urban-living older Malaysians
Item Type: Scientific Poster
Editor:
Year: 00/11/2024
Abstract: The COVID-19 pandemic has resulted in a heightened psychological distress among older adults. This study examines the impact of COVID-19 pandemic on the psychological distress among urban older adults in Malaysia. By using a sub-sample of Wave 2 Malaysia Ageing and Retirement Survey (MARS) witg 274 respondents and analysis based on principal component Analysis (PCA) and multiple linear regression model with robust standard error, the results showed that factors such as socioeconomics status, employment, family relationship and media exposure as contributors to distress. Staying informed about COVID-19 is linked to reduced psychological distress.
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Keberkesanan modul intervensi sexting untuk mengurangkan niat dan kesediaan sexting bagi pelajar Institusi Pengajian Tinggi
Item Type: Scientific Poster
Editor:
Year: 00/11/2024
Abstract: Sexting refers to the exchange of sexually explicit content in the form of texts, photos, or videos. Sexting has become a public health issue in Malaysia, where online studies show that more than two-thirds of young people have engaged in sexting. Sexting is associated with risky sexual behavior, cyberbullying, mental health issues, and may lead to legal consequences. However, interventions to prevent sexting in Malaysia are still lacking. This study targets the intention and willingness to sext as these are key predictors of sexting behavior. The aim of this study is to develop and implement a Sexting Intervention Module (SIM) based on the Prototype Willingness Model (PWM) theory, using online animated videos, and to evaluate its effectiveness among students at a higher education institution in Melaka.
Study Method: This study is a randomized controlled trial involving 300 students divided into intervention and control groups. The intervention group received five animated videos via a private YouTube link, while the control group was placed on a waiting list. Assessments were made before, immediately after, and three months after the intervention.
Study Results: The module successfully reduced the intention and willingness to sext significantly in the intervention group compared to the control group. Similarly, attitudes towards sexting, perceived norms about sexting, and positive perceptions towards individuals engaging in sexting were also significantly reduced. On the other hand, knowledge about sexting increased significantly in the intervention group compared to the control group. Conclusion: The SIM module, which uses PWM theory and animated videos, is effective and can be considered by relevant agencies to promote sexual and reproductive health among young people in Malaysia.
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Pembangunan Modul Psikopendidikan untuk memperkasa resiliensi belia B40 dan kefungsian keluarga dalam era Covid-19
Item Type: Scientific Poster
Editor:
Year: 00/11/2024
Abstract: The global economic uncertainty caused by COVID-19 has had a negative impact on B40 households in Malaysia, resulting in increased unemployment, poverty, and crime. Therefore, efforts are needed to empower the B40 families in the country. The aim of this research is to develop a psychoeducational module that can improve the well-being and functioning of B40 families as well as the development of youth.
Methodology: This research includes four methodological stages: (i) needs assessment (psychological well-being, concerns, resilience, and family functioning); (ii) design and development of the module; (iii) trial/implementation of the module; and (iv) module evaluation.
Study Findings: The results of the research are expected to increase knowledge on the well-being and functioning of families, particularly marginalized groups (urban B40 households) that have been significantly affected by the COVID-19 pandemic.
Conclusion: LPPKN can utilize the results of this research to strengthen family and community development initiatives, particularly focusing on the psychological needs of urban B40 families, in line with the 12th Malaysia Plan (RMK-12).
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Digital parenting module to help Malaysian parents nurture digitally resilient children
Item Type: Scientific Poster
Editor:
Year: 00/11/2024
Abstract: Digital resilience empowers children to use technology safely and productively for learning, expression, and skill-building. Yet, many Malaysian parents are uncertain about digital parenting, often adopting restrictive approaches that limit their children’s digital potential. Socio-economic disparities and cultural diversity further shape a wide range of digital parenting practices and technology acceptance. This study investigates the challenges Malaysian parents face and proposes strategies to help them become enabling digital parents who maximize opportunities while managing risks. Objectives include examining digital media’s impact on parenting, understanding parents' perceptions of digital risks, identifying current digital parenting styles, recognizing essential skills, and developing supportive educational modules. Using a mixed-methods approach with surveys, interviews, and expert insights, findings indicate that Malaysian parents are active but not creative digital users, have a balanced view of digital risks and benefits, and prefer flexible, adaptable learning on digital parenting. Recommendations include targeted support for underprivileged parents with limited digital exposure and promoting digital parenting education across workplaces, academic institutions, and government programs. The primary outcome is a set of customized digital parenting modules designed to empower Malaysian parents in fostering digitally resilient children.
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Analisis persepsi, pengetahuan dan perilaku (3P) remaja Malaysia mengenai kesihatan reproduktif dan seksual di media sosial menggunakan pendekatan data raya
Item Type: Scientific Poster
Editor:
Year: 00/11/2024
Abstract: Discussion on reproductive and sexual health among Malaysians, particularly adolescents, is still considered taboo. However, knowledge in this area is crucial to avoid misunderstandings and promote moral values. Social media, with its collaborative and interactive nature, has become the main platform for discussions on these topics. This study found that there are many keywords related to reproductive and sexual health on social media. However, the lack of a specific lexicon for the local context makes it difficult to understand the discussions and sentiments shared.
To better understand this issue, a sentiment lexicon has been developed, supported by the LPPKN Analytics initiative (https://lppknanalitik.com/). This platform uses sentiment analysis technology, machine learning, and interactive dashboards to analyze social media data. Tweets and comments on social media that contain key keywords are processed, cleaned, and categorized into three main aspects: Perception, Knowledge, and Behavior. This approach provides deeper insights into how adolescents communicate about reproductive and sexual health, effectively utilizing the potential of social media data.
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Perubahan institusi perkahwinan di Malaysia
Item Type: Scientific Poster
Editor:
Year: 00/11/2024
Abstract: The changing patterns of marriage directly affect the family institution. This project produced five papers covering various aspects of marriage, which have been published in the Journal of Institutions and Economics. Statistical and demographic techniques were used in further analysis. It was found that increased education, urbanization, employment in the modern sector, migration and changes in norms and values regarding family formation have led to later marriages and unmarried individuals, compared to the earlier marriage norms among Malays in less developed states. The findings of this project, based on detailed analysis, confirm dramatic changes in marriage and divorce trends, including mixed marriages and international marriages, which serve as the basis for policy recommendations.
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Evaluating digital and financial well-being of urban low-income families: insights into government assistance programs and post-COVID-19 resilience
Item Type: Scientific Poster
Editor:
Year: 00/11/2024
Abstract: This study examines the impact of government assistance programs on the digital and financial well-being of urban B40 families during the Covid-19 pandemic. Based on survey data from 417 Kuala Lumpur residents, findings show significant positive effects of government aid on digital and financial well-being. However, digital and financial well-being are not directly related. Importance-Performance Analysis (IPA) suggests a stronger need for digital assistance initiatives, highlighting areas for policy reform to improve resilience among vulnerable households in future crises.
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Modelling a comprehensive Long-Term Care Insurance (LTCI) plan for societal well-being in Malaysia
Item Type: Scientific Poster
Editor:
Year: 00/11/2024
Abstract: Malaysia is currently going through a demographic transition as an aging country that is affected by two main factors, namely the decline in the overall fertility rate, as well as the increase in average life expectancy. The elderly are often associated with a decline in physical and cognitive abilities, which requires them to seek long-term care. This poses a major challenge for a country facing the phenomenon of population aging, as it impacts society and the government, particularly in economic and social aspects. Accordingly, it is important for Malaysia to immediately formulate a comprehensive strategy to deal with issues related to the aging of the population, particularly in the aspect of long-term care, to ensure the well-being of the people, as well as the sustainability of the country's fiscal management. Data collection for this study was conducted through seven focus group discussion sessions from March to August 2022, where the focus was on the four main aspects of long-term care insurance (LTCI), namely benefits, financing, eligibility, and supply. Taking into account policy makers' targets as well as the country's fiscal and economic situation, this study presents three main recommendations which are i) the implementation of a social insurance plan as a post-retirement benefit; ii) development of care economy; iii) increasing the retirement age limit. These measures are believed to help the country to meet the needs of the Malaysian community in facing the aging population transition.
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Penyakit jangkitan seksual (Std)
Item Type: Scientific Poster
Editor:
Year: 00/11/2024
Abstract: Reproductive and sexual health (SRH) is a key element in women's well-being and profoundly affects their quality of life. This study aims to assess the knowledge, attitude, and practices (KAP) regarding sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) among married women aged 15 to 49 years in Malaysia. A quantitative approach with a cross-sectional survey design was used in this study. A total of 2,081 respondents were involved, and data was collected through face-to-face interviews as well as self-administered, anonymous online questionnaires.
The results of the study indicate that women in Malaysia have a moderately high level of knowledge about STDs. Women from the Northern region, aged between 30 and 34 years, with 1-2 children, employed, educated, and with a B40 income category, showed significant knowledge about STDs (51.9%). Additionally, the majority of respondents (more than 90%) correctly understood that having multiple sexual partners increases the risk of exposure to STDs. The study also found that around 75 to 86% of respondents agreed that one should keep their STD status confidential.
These findings highlight that cultural norms and societal attitudes play an important role in shaping perceptions about STDs, which may influence behaviors and awareness of their prevention.
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Development of family planning mobile application and its usage potential among healthcare workers and public users
Item Type: Scientific Poster
Editor:
Year: 00/11/2024
Abstract: Family planning education is vital towards improvement of women’s health. In Malaysia, family planning counselling is delivered at both pre-pregnancy and postpartum care management. Traditionally, postpartum mothers are counselled at 6 weeks postpartum. However, “one off” health education activity may limits retained of information as compared to repetitive and reinforcement method using digital communication. Development of Rancanglah application brings great potential to complement current method in promoting family planning. It is followed by a usability study of the application among 34 healthcare workers (HCWs) and 100 public users in identifying its usage potential. Malay-mHealth Usability Questionnaire (M-MAUQ) is used and the questions are tailored to HCWs and public users. Higher mean usability score were found for both HCWs and public users. For all three main domains in M-MAUQ, both groups of respondents provide higher mean score. The high usability score of mobile application promotes more user attention and prone to be used in the long term. Essentially, RancangLah complements current method of family planning promotion. An intervention study shall be planned to enhance its usage and measure its effectiveness in reducing the unmet needs of family planning in the population.
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Pembinaan manual terapi psikospiritual Islam bagi kesejahteraan warga emas berusia lanjut dan intervensi serta TOT kepada penjaga
Item Type: Scientific Poster
Editor:
Year: 00/11/2024
Abstract: The aging population in Malaysia is increasingly becoming a concern. Although aging is a natural process, its effects can cause anxiety among individuals and the country if there is no strategic planning to address it, particularly in maintaining the well-being and improving the quality of life for the elderly. This study aims to identify key elements that ensure the quality of life and well-being of the elderly and analyze Islamic psychospiritual knowledge to help achieve these goals based on palliative care. The study also develops an Islamic Psychospiritual Therapy Manual for Elderly Well-being, which is applied through intervention and training (TOT) for caregivers/families. Data collection methods include literature review and fieldwork, while data analysis uses a mixed-method approach involving Richey and Klein's design and development study. This research will provide important data on the key elements that guarantee the quality of life for the elderly through field data collection (surveys, expert group discussions), and literature research will give valuable insights into psychospiritual elements in Islam that can help achieve this. Additionally, the developed manual for elderly well-being was content-validated by experts. This study also has the potential for widespread application, such as training elderly caregivers, whether working in hospitals, welfare homes, or within families, to better understand, meet the needs, and care for elderly individuals based on the therapeutic module focusing on spiritual, psychological, and cognitive aspects.
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The impact of covid-19 lockdown on family planning services in Selangor: pattern and geo-demographic profiles
Item Type: Scientific Poster
Editor:
Year: 00/11/2024
Abstract: The Movement Control Order (MCO) or lockdown implemented in Malaysia as a measure to prevent the spread of COVID-19, affects all sectors including education, business, health, and more. Family planning services are among those affected by these restrictions. Family planning is important in improving family well-being and is one of the main objectives of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDG), 2015-2030, and the Twelfth Malaysia Plan (RMK-12). Therefore, this study aims to identify the trend and distribution of contraceptive use in Selangor, before, during, and after the MCO. In this study, the geo-demographic profile of contraceptive users was also investigated. The methodology of this study involves the use of descriptive analysis and the K-means clustering method in determining the client's geo-demographic profile. The data used in this study is the new contraceptive user for five Klinik Nur Sejahtera (KNS) in Selangor, for the years 2019 and 2020. The results of the analysis found that the use of contraceptives in Selangor showed a fluctuating trend before and after the MCO, with service interruptions during the MCO in 2020. Findings from the contraceptive user distribution mapping showed that more than 50 percent of KNS clients were within a 20 km radius according to the five districts for the year 2020. The analysis of the original pattern on the map shows the need for a clinic to be built in the northern part of Selangor. In addition, the geo-demographic profile findings provide five clusters of KNS client characteristics for the year 2020. In conclusion, the results of this study are significant and can be used by the authorities, especially family planning service providers to identify areas that need further scrutiny such as the allocation of resources, training, and awareness campaigns. The geo-demographic profiling of clients can provide authorities with a deeper understanding of their client's characteristics thereby enabling them to improve family planning services.
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Exploring environmental contaminants and dietary pattern in relation to infertility in reproductive age women
Item Type: Scientific Poster
Editor:
Year: 00/11/2024
Abstract: Identifying modifiable lifestyle factors, such as diet, that influence human fertility is of major clinical and public health significance. Medical treatment for impaired fecundity is also on the rise. The use of assisted reproductive technologies in Malaysia has steadily increased. This study aims to explore environmental contaminants and dietary pattern in Malaysian reproductive age women. This case control study will involve cross-sectional analysis of 128 women with infertility, with matched 256 regular cycling women from a community-based cohort. Sociodemographic data, mental health, physical activity and dietary intake for 7 days were obtained from interviews using questionnaires. Anthropometric measurements including weight, height, BMI, and body fat percentage were collected. Physical activity data showed that infertile women have lower physical activity compared to those in control and higher stress and depression. Data analysis using multivariate tests showed that an increase in one unit of BMI increased the risk of infertility in women by 1.15 times [Adjusted OR=1.147 (95% CI= 1.059-1.243)])(p<0.01).Meanwhile, high intake of folic acid will reduce the risk of infertility in women by1.0% [Adjusted OR=0.990 (95% CI= 0.981-1.000)] (p<0.05). Likewise, highselenium intake also reduced the risk of infertility in women by 3.0% [Adjusted OR=0.972 (95% CI= 0.949-0.996)] (p<0.05). Significant differences were observed in Anti Mullerian Hormone levels, FSH, LH, lipid peroxidation, advanced glycation end products, inflammatory markers, micronucleus frequency (chromosomal damage), insulin (HOMA-IR), fasting insulin, lipid profile and fasting blood glucose. Based on the hair heavy metal analysis, it was observed that zinc, selenium, calcium and chromium is lower in case group as compared to the control group. On the other hand, lead, copper and cadmium were observed to be higher in case as compared to control. It was observed that urinary bisphenol A and Phtalate metabolites are higher in case group. Di-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DHEP), MEHHP, Mono (2-ethyl-5-hydroxyhexyl) phthalate and MEOHP, mono (2-ethyl-5-oxohexyl) phthalate are detected in our case group. For paraben, only methyl paraben were higher in the cases but not other paraben metabolites. Per- and polyfluorinated substances) concentration observed is not significant. Based on the metabolomic analysis, the pathway with the highest impact factor was the synthesis and degradation of ketone bodies, with an impact factor of 0.60. This indicates that this pathway is very important in the metabolic network and has a significant impact on the overall system. Other pathways with high impact factors include Phenylalanine, tyrosine and tryptophan biosynthesis (0.5), Taurine and hypotaurine metabolism (0.42), Phenylalanine metabolism (0.35), Histidine metabolism (0.32), Cysteine and methionine metabolism (0.274), Glycine, serine and threonine metabolism (0.271), and glyoxylate and dicarboxylate metabolism (0.21). Based on our findings, risk factors which include BMI, intake of folic acid and selenium have a significant relationship with the risk of infertility in women. We have also shown that there is existence of endocrine disrupting chemicals affecting infertility but the cause or the source of contamination is still unknown. Pathway related to ketone bodies and tricarboxylic acid is involved showing the relationship with healthier weight for better reproductive outcome. We have also showed that higher genomic instability and inflammation was observed in those infertile showing that managing dietary and lifestyle related to it is very crucial. Therefore, healthy lifestyle practices need to be improved, targeted and personalized to reduce the risk of infertility in women.
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Pendidikan seksual di rumah : pandangan remaja Malaysia
Item Type: Scientific Poster
Editor:
Year: 00/11/2024
Abstract: Culture influences the views of adolescents, even though they believe that sexual education at home is important, it is often restricted by feelings of shame, modesty, and respect for their parents. To reduce the prevalence of risky sexual behaviors among adolescents, policymakers and health experts should encourage parents to have open discussions about sexual issues with their teenage children in a gradual manner, using factual information.
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Isu dan cabaran bapa tunggal dalam meneruskan kelangsungan hidup di Malaysia
Item Type: Scientific Poster
Editor:
Year: 00/11/2024
Abstract: This study aims to examine the issues and challenges faced by single fathers in Malaysia in sustaining their livelihoods. Generally, single fathers are not discussed as much by government agencies or NGOs when compared to single mothers, and empirical research on this group is also quite limited. The issue of single fathers should not be taken lightly, as it is increasing day by day. The various challenges faced by single fathers have indirectly affected their overall well-being. Therefore, an empirical study is needed to investigate and explore the issues and challenges encountered by single fathers in Malaysia. This study uses a qualitative approach with semi-structured interviews as the data collection method. A total of 20 respondents were selected through purposive sampling, and the study was conducted in the Klang Valley area. The data obtained was analyzed using thematic analysis. The findings of this study resulted in the proposal of an Intervention Program for the Well-being of Single Fathers, which can be suggested to LPPKN, government agencies, or NGOs to address the issues and challenges faced by single fathers, while also helping this group achieve social functionality and ultimately improve their quality of life.
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Indeks Kesejahteraan Keluarga Malaysia (IKK) 2019 & 2022 : perbandingan skor keseluruhan, domain dan indikator (Malaysia dan Negeri Selangor)
Item Type: Scientific Poster
Editor:
Year: 00/07/2024
Abstract: The overall IKK score for Malaysia is 7.72 (2019) while the score for 2022 is 7.93. The overall score of IKK for the State of Selangor is 7.99 in 2019 and the overall score of IKK in 2022 has decreased to 7.87.
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Cabaran, kesejahteraan dan penglibatan ibu dalam keluarga : penemuan tinjauan pendapat umum bersempena Sambutan Hari Ibu 2024
Item Type: Scientific Poster
Editor:
Year: 00/07/2024
Abstract: In conjunction with the 2024 National Mother's Day celebration, the Ministry of Women, Family and Community Development (KPWKM) through the National Population and Family Development Board (LPPKN) has conducted an online public opinion poll from 12 to 31 May 2024. In addition to finding out the issues and the current challenge of motherhood in managing the family and raising children, the focus of this study is to find out the level of mental well-being of mothers, and to know the extent of the important role and involvement of a mother in family institutions. With the theme "Terima KASIH Ibu", a total of 3,988 respondents consisting of mothers of Malaysian citizens aged 18 and above who have children were involved in this survey. The results of this study are expected to be the basis for the implementation of appropriate intervention programs towards the strengthening of family institutions.
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Cabaran, kesejahteraan dan penglibatan bapa dalam keluarga : penemuan tinjauan pendapat umum bersempena Sambutan Hari Bapa 2024
Item Type: Scientific Poster
Editor:
Year: 00/07/2024
Abstract: In conjunction with the 2024 National Father's Day Celebration, the Ministry of Women, Family and Community Development (MWFCD) through the National Population and Family Development Board (NPFDB) has conducted an online public opinion poll from 12 to 30 June 2024. In addition to finding out the issues and the current challenges of fatherhood in managing the family and raising children, the focus of this study is to find out the level of mental well-being of fathers, and to know the extent of the important role and involvement of a father in family institutions. With the theme "Terima KASIH Ayah", a total of 1,238 respondents consisting of fathers of Malaysian citizens aged 18 and above who have children were involved in this survey. The results of this study are expected to be the basis for the implementation of appropriate intervention programs towards the strengthening of family institutions.
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Population redistribution and concentration in Malaysia, 1970-2020
Item Type: Scientific Poster
Editor:
Year: 00/07/2024
Abstract: Migration, population redistribution and development are closely interrelated. Uneven population growth and distribution are the results and causes of religion and urban-rural disparities in development. Population distribution has changed significantly since 1970. 22% of the national population resided in Selangor in 2020. Urbanization level increased from 28% in 1970 to 75% in 2020, making Malaysia the second most urbanized country in SEA. This study is based on census reports and UN databases.
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Fifty years of population ageing in Selangor: 1970-2020
Item Type: Scientific Poster
Editor:
Year: 00/07/2024
Abstract: According to the 2020 Cencus, Selangor Darul Ehsan is the most populous States in Malaysia with total population of 6,994,423 persons and 1,836,410 households (average household size= 3.8 persons). With a total GDP of RM 326,805 million (RM 48,606 per capita), the relatively young State has a positive net migration rate although the absolute number of older persons has reached a staggering 714.4 thousand, or in other words, 21.4% of all older persons aged 60 years or over in Malaysia resides in Selangor.
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Penyakit Jangkitan Seksual= Sexual Transmitted Diseases (STD)
Item Type: Scientific Poster
Editor:
Year: 00/07/2024
Abstract: This study examines the extent of knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP) about Sexually Transmitted Diseases (STDs) among married women aged between 15-49 years. The findings of the study show that the level of knowledge about Sexually Transmitted Diseases (STDs) among women is moderate. Awareness campaigns about STDs that are more widespread and targeted especially at high-risk groups should be continued in an effort to increase their knowledge and awareness of the risks of STDs.
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Project concept: a mixed method study of social psychological influences and affordability perception on fertility intentions in Malaysia
Item Type: Scientific Poster
Editor:
Year: 00/07/2024
Abstract: Malaysia, a culturally rich and economically strong Southeast Asian country, is experiencing a major demographic transition. In 1970, the Total Fertility Rate (TFR) was high at 4.9 children per woman, indicating a preference for larger families. By 2022, TFR has drastically reduced to 1.6 children per woman, below the replacement level of 2.1. Pronounced in urban areas especially Kuala Lumpur, with a TFR or just 1.2. The study aims to bridge gaps in understanding fertility intentions in urban Malaysia. Findings will inform public health policies and family planning programs, contributing to sustainable health systems.
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Peningkatan penyalahgunaan dadah dan masalah kesuburan dalam kalangan belia dan kesan ke atas pertumbuhan penduduk : satu tinjauan awal
Item Type: Scientific Poster
Editor:
Year: 00/07/2024
Abstract: Drug abuse can have an adverse effect on fertility levels and subsequently affect the rate of population growth. The negative effect of drug abuse on the level of fertility is found to be more significant among the youth. More worrying in Malaysia, the youth group (19-39 years) who are in the reproductive age category are also the highest age category detected as drug abusers and addicts (>70% of the total number of addicts) and the percentage of the youth population involved in drugs remains high.
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Descriptive analysis: family planning method in Klinik Nur Sejahtera ( National Population and Family Development Board Malaysia) in the year 2018-2022
Item Type: Scientific Poster
Editor:
Year: 00/11/2023
Abstract: Family Planning (FP) is a component of sexual and reproductive health (SRH) and refers to the human right of individuals to regulate the number and spacing of birth. In Malaysia, contraceptive prevalence rate (CPR) during the past three decades has remained stagnant, with only 34-35% of women practicing modern contraception, this number relatively low compared to global rate and neighboring countries. It has 49 clinics (Klinik Nur Sejahtera) located all around Malaysia whose services focus in Women’s Health particularly in family planning and reproductive cancer screening.
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Source of sexual and reproductive health (SRH) information among youths in Malaysia
Item Type: Scientific Poster
Editor:
Year: 00/00/2021
Abstract: A majority of respondents agreed that they sought for information on puberty topics and pregnancy to the teachers and mother as compared with other sources. While, peers and media were the second and third sources on sexual topics after teachers. However, the main sources of information on contraception were teachers and media instead of mother and father or siblings.
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Achievement of desired fertility in Malaysia and association with sociodemographic characteristics
Item Type: Scientific Poster
Editor:
Year: 00/00/2021
Abstract: This study aims to examine the patterns of desired fertility achievement and the differences according to socio - demographic characteristics among married women.
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Socio economics factors that effect work life balance among women in Malaysia
Item Type: Scientific Poster
Editor:
Year: 00/00/2021
Abstract: This paper seeks to determine the factors that influence work life balance among women in Malaysia. This is explored with regard to whether the factors recorded affect the work life balance among women in Malaysia. The scope of the study will be concentrated toward married working women aged from 15 to 59. This paper finally concludes with discussion on the alternatives that women in Malaysia can take to get a better work life balance.
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Activities of daily living dependency among the elderly in Malaysia
Item Type: Scientific Poster
Editor:
Year: 00/00/2021
Abstract: The objective of this study is to determine the prevalence of activities of daily living (ADL) dependency among the elderly in Malaysia and to examine the factors that are associated with ADL dependency.
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Youth and sex information: who they refer to?
Item Type: Scientific Poster
Editor:
Year: 00/07/2015
Abstract: Youths who involved in sexual behaviors can result in unintended health outcomes and put them at risk for HIV infection, sexuality transmitted infections (STIs), unintended pregnancy and very early childbearing. Factors associated to sexual risk behavior among youth are lack of sexual and reproductive health information and skills in negotiating sexual relationships, inaccessibility of youth-friendly sexual and reproductive health services and peer pressure (Kaestle et Al., 2005). Hence, it is clearly stated that our youths need access to protective information and skills before they become sexually active (Bleakley et al., 2010) Previous research shows significant results on various source of sexual and reproductive health information among youth such as friends, teachers, parents, peers, religious members and media (Gombachika et al.,2013; Kamrani et al., 2011; Bleaky et al., 2009) therefore, there is a need to know and do more address what kind of sources utilized by young people in getting information on sexual and reproductive health, in Malaysia specifically. The purpose of this study was to identify the individuals source of information related to sexual and reproductive health among Malaysia youth, as well as to examine the association of these sources with social demographic information.
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Why do men and women remain single? Findings from the Fifth Malaysian Population and Family Survey (MPFS-5)
Item Type: Scientific Poster
Editor:
Year: 01/07/2015
Abstract: Marriage is one of the most important social institutions. In Malaysia, the marriage pattern has changed a lot over the past few decades. Socioeconomic development, rising educational level and financial independence have led to the increase in delayed marriage and non-marriage. Between 1980 and 2010, the singulate mean age at first marriage among men and women increased from 26.6 years and 23.5 years to 28.0 years and 25.7 years, respectively. Among men aged 25-29, the proportion never married had increased from 40 percent in 1980 to 53 percent in 2010, while that of the women had also increased from 21 percent to 38 percent. The proportion remaining single at aged 30-34 almost doubled from 15 percent to 28 percent among the men and from 10 percent to 18 percent among the women. The objective of this study is to identify the reasons why men and women remain single and the criteria for choosing a life partner.
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Unmet fertility desires: a case study among working women in Selangor, Kuala Lumpur and Putrajaya
Item Type: Scientific Poster
Editor:
Year: 00/00/2015
Abstract: Malaysia population will be estimated to reach aging population by 2035. This projection was inflated by many factors. One of the factors that influence the demographic changes is fertility. Malaysia is already at the level of substitute of total fertility rate (TFR) and this number was decreasing by time. From previous studies showed that fertility desires can predict the subsequent fertility behavior. There is always a disjoint between desired and actual family size. The difference between the actual number of children and the desired number of children is called unmet fertility desired. Since Malaysia is having a declining Total Fertility Rate (TFR), the dynamics of the difference between actual number of children and the desired number of children must be examined. Past research on fertility desires found that the rising age at marriage, economic factors, infertility, and social factors were the important factors that will affect the fertility desired. Also, education level, early and late childbearing, locality and household income influenced the unmet fertility desires.
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Factors associated with duration of breastfeeding in Peninsular Malaysia
Item Type: Scientific Poster
Editor:
Year: 00/00/2015
Abstract: Breastfeeding is the natural way of feeding a baby, so it should be easy and trouble free for most mothers. It is recommended that mothers to breastfeed their babies exclusively, without giving any other food or drink, for the first six months and continue breastfeeding with appropriate complementary foods up to two years old and beyond [1]. An exclusive breastfeeding for the first six months of life was also being emphasized in the Malaysian National Breastfeeding Policy which was formulated in 1993 and revised in 2005 in accordance with the World Health Assembly Resolution 54.2. Breastfeeding is beneficial to both, baby and mother. According to the United Nations Children’s Fund (UNICEF) [2], if every baby were exclusively breastfed from birth, an estimated 1.5 million lives would be saved each year. And not just saved, but enhanced, because breast milk is the perfect food for a baby’s first six months of life. Beral et al. [3] reported that the longer women breastfeed the more they are protected against breast cancer. In addition, according to Danforth et al. [4], mothers who breastfeed their babies of 18 or more months are associated with a significant decrease in ovarian cancer risk compared to those never breastfeed. Other than health benefits of breastfeeding, it offers a natural opportunity to communicate love at the very beginning of a child’s life by providing hours of closeness and nurturing every day, laying the foundation for a caring and trusting relationship between mother and child [2]. Despite the vast benefits of breastfeeding for both mothers and babies, breastfeeding rates are declining worldwide. According to the World Health Organization (WHO) [5], the decline in duration of breastfeeding in the twentieth century as a result of rapid social and economic change, including urbanization and marketing of breast milk substitutes. Malaysia faces a similar phenomenon where not all mothers choose to breastfeed according to the suggested duration. Findings of the Malaysian National Health and Morbidity Surveys showed that the prevalence of exclusive breastfeeding had declined from 29.0 % in year 1996 to 14.5 % in year 2006 [6]. Objective: The aim of this study was to estimate the duration of breastfeeding and also to explore the determinants of the duration of breastfeeding in Peninsular Malaysia.
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Risk and protective factors affecting youth sexual and reproductive health in Peninsular Malaysia
Item Type: Scientific Poster
Editor:
Year: 00/01/2014
Abstract: Over the last 10 years, youth sexual and reproductive health (SRH) had raised a lot of concern on the national agenda. This concern has been driven by increasing proportion of young people who had sex at early age, increasing prevalence of HIV/AIDS and STI particularly in Malaysia.
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Intention to limit childbearing among working women
Item Type: Scientific Poster
Editor:
Year: 00/11/2013
Abstract: Malaysia's population growth the rate has dropped from 2.6 percent in 2000 to 1.9 percent in 2010. This declining trends has been in evidence since 1970. Fertility is one of the major indicator and determinant of demographic change. Fertility, expressed as total fertility rate (TFR), in Malaysia decreased from 4.9 in 1970 to 2.3 in 2010. However, in 2011, the TFR has reached replacement level (2.1). Changes in socio-economic status, education and participation of women in the labour force, increasing age at first marriage, practice of family planning and urbanization are among factors that affect women's fertility pattern.
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The impact of Indonesian migrants from the locals' perception: a study in Sabah, Malaysia
Item Type: Scientific Poster
Editor:
Year: 00/08/2012
Abstract: Being a developed country, Malaysia has been receiving a large number of labour migrants from other neighboring countries. Statistics show that the total number of non-Malaysians in 2010 is 2.3 million compared to 1.3 million in the year 2000. It is over 8 percent of the total population in Malaysia and comprises mostly of Indonesian migrants. This phenomena has a great impact on Malaysia and its people. The objective of this study is to determine the impact of Indonesian migrants from the locals' perception and also to determine if gender, ethnicity, religion, marital status, educational level, job industry and monthly income make a difference in their perception. The data used for this study were obtained from the Study on Indonesian Migrants in Tawau, Sabah conducted by the National Population and Family Development Board (NPFDB) Malaysia in 2010. The survey managed to obtain information from 787 locals in Tawau. The dependent variable is the overall perception of the locals on the impact of the Indonesian migrants while the independent variables are gender, ethnicity, religion, marital status, educational level, job industry and monthly income. Independent t-test and analysis of variances (ANOVA) were applied to the data set. As a result, this study indicates that the locals in Tawau feel that the presence of the Indonesian migrants does have an effect on them. The mean score obtained was 95.053 out of a total of 135. The results of ANOVA showed that ethnicity (F = 6.950, df = 7), marital status (F = 12.320, df = 3), education level (F = 4.058, df = 7), job industry (F = 27.374, df = 3), and monthly income (F = 15.201, df = 6) contributed to the differences in the locals' perception on the impact of Indonesian migrants. Only gender and religion does not affect their perception. Thus, the entrance of Indonesian workers needs to be monitored as their presence are affecting the locals.
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Remittance behaviour among Indonesian migrant workers in Sabah, Malaysia
Item Type: Scientific Poster
Editor:
Year: 00/08/2012
Abstract: Malaysia is both a country of origin and destination for migration especially among the labour migrants both documented and undocumented. According to The World Bank's Migration and Remittances Factbook 2011, the stock of immigrants in Malaysia is estimated at 2.4 million as at 2010 and the top source countries include Indonesia, Philippines, China, Bangladesh, India, Singapore, Thailand, Japan, Myanmar, and Pakistan. Generally, Malaysia is the major destination country for Indonesian migrants because of its geographical, cultural, and religous proximity to Indonesia.
The objective of this study is to investigate remittance behaviour among Indonesian migrants including the decision to remit and use of informal methods of transferring remittance. The data used was obtained from the Study of Indonesian Migrant Workers in Tawau, Sabah conducted by the National Population and Family Development Board Malaysia in 2010. Three different sets of questionnaire-based survey were conducted on both migrants and non-migrants, namely 896 Indonesian migrant workers, 37 employers who hired the Indonesian migrant workers, and 787 locals in Sabah. Both descriptive and multivariate analyses have been applied in order to study the remittance behaviour of the migrants. At the initial stage, the descriptive analysis explained the percentage of migrants who send remittance and migrants who use informal channels according to their characteristics. Then, logistic regression analysis was performed to investigate the factors that influence migrants' decision to send remittance and the use of informal methods of transferring remittance. The results of this study showed that age, monthly income, number of children residing in Indonesia, having own house in Indonesia and sending goods to Indonesia are the main factors contributing to the migrants' decision to remit. It was found that the likelihood to remit among migrants increased with age, income and number of children residing in Indonesia. Those who own house in their origin country and sending goods to the country are more likely to remit. In the analysis of methods of transferring remittance, it was found that birth place, number of children residing in Indonesia and the total amount of money remitted have significant relationship with the use of informal channels. The likelihood of using informal channels is higher among migrants from Sulawesi as compared to the other parts of Indonesia. As the number of children residing in Indonesia and amount of money remitted increased, the likelihood of using informal channels had decreased.
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Thesis (18)
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Autonomy in household decision-making among Malaysia women
Item Type: Thesis
Editor:
Year: 00/06/2022
Abstract: The progress of Malaysian women has significantly improved since 1980, particularly in terms of educational achievement. However, women's labor force participation rate, level of women in decision-making at the household and industry levels, is still below that of men. These instances suggested that there were still obstacles to women's empowerment
in Malaysia, particularly in decision-making. Hence, this study aims to identify factors affecting women's autonomy in household decision-making among married women in Malaysia. Data on women's autonomy in household decision-making were obtained from Fifth Malaysian Population and Family Survey in 2014 and accounted for 2595 married women aged 15-59. Kishor's Conceptual Framework and Three-domains of Women's Empowerment were adopted as a research framework. The study framework consisted of ten exogenous factors and endogenous variables of women's autonomy in household decisions. The household decision-making was divided into eight domains: household expenses, buying a house, making assets, family savings, family holidays, children's discipline, children's education, and woman's career. Each household decision domain had responses of three levels of women's autonomy (not involved, joint and sole participation) and was analyzed individually using the Multinomial Logistics Regression method. The study provides evidence that women's characteristics can restrict the
autonomous power of women in a patriarchal society like Malaysia. All selected factors significantly impacted women's autonomy in at least one decision domain in the household. Women's education was the most substantial factor that positively influenced women's autonomy in all decisions in the household. In contrast, the spousal education gap and participation in the labor force could be a barrier to women's autonomy in the household. The family should be at the forefront of the empowering process as a woman's role in caring for the family's welfare is definite. Despite the continuous efforts to empower women, the study suggested that there is a need for a balance in shaping the positive patriarchal values among the communities, particularly among men. This can be achieved by promoting shared responsibility within a household, and this initiative has the same substantial weightage as a woman's education and economic status.
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The well-being of adolescents in divorced families
Item Type: Thesis
Editor:
Year: 00/00/2020
Abstract: This study aimed to explore an in-depth understanding on the wellness of teenagers in divorced families. This qualitative study used the phenomenological approach to explore the experience of ten teenagers living with single mothers after the divorce of their parents. Participants in this research are 10 teenagers age between 16 to 18 years’ old who lived with their mothers after their parents' divorce. The duration of their parents' divorce during the data collection was in the range of one to ten years. Data were collected using semi-structured interviews and document analysis by social media. Data were analysed using NVIVO12 software. Nine themes and 26 sub-themes emerged from this study. Three main themes and ten subthemes answered the first research question on, what is the meaning of wellness among teenagers in divorced families? Another three more theme and eight sub themes answered the second research question on, what are the perception of teenagers towards wellness in divorced families? The remaining three themes and eight sub themes answered the third research question on, how does divorce changes the wellness in teenager’s life? In conclusion, teenagers’ in this study accepted the changes that occurred as a result of parental divorce. The implications of this study is viewed from three aspects; 1) practical implications for professions such as counselors, 2) theoretical implications for future research, and 3) implications in the field of education for the wellness of the community. The information extracted from the findings of this study can help counselors to understand better on the actual living experience of teenagers in divorced families. The study also helps counsellors to understand how some teenagers manage to live a successful life and fulfilling all the wellness of life in spite of living in divorced families. As this study only focus on teenagers living with their mother after their parents’ divorce, it recommends future researchers to consider exploring areas of wellness among teenagers in joint custody parents or teenagers living with their single father after the parental divorce.
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Perkembangan hubungan perkahwinan pasangan kekal berkahwin dalam kitaran perkembangan keluarga
Item Type: Thesis
Editor:
Year: 00/00/2020
Abstract: The developmental perspective is one of the elements taken into account in the development of marital relationships in the family development cycle as it explains the process of transformation encountered by the lasting marriage couples chronologically, before marriage to ageing. Therefore, this study is inspired to explore the process of marital relationships development, the developmental tasks and challenges endured by the lasting marriage couples in the family development cycle through three research. questions. These questions are (I) What is the marital relationship development process of the lasting marriage couples in the family development cycle? (ii) How do the developmental tasks of the lasting marriage couples remain in each phase of development? and (iii) What challenges do the lasting
marriage couples faced during each phase of development? In addition to answer every question, the researcher employs qualitative research through hermeneutic phenomenology design. The researcher applies the purposive sampling method. This research involves 12 urban and rural couples that fulfilled the criteria. The researcher used three data sources which includes in-depth interviews, observations and
documents analysis. The data were analysed through the hermeneutic circle method and analyzed thematically using the Nvivo Plus 12 application. Overall, the study found 179 themes explaining the developmental process of marriage relationships, developmental tasks and strategies of achievement and also challenges facing married couples in the chronology of the development in marriage relationship in the family development cycle. This study proposes four phases of the development in marital relationships development in the family development cycle, namely (i) the premarital development phase; (ii) the early developmental phase of the marriage; (iii) the mid-marriage development phase; and (iv) the developmental phase of lasting
marriage. The four stages of the development incorporate eight transitional elements, ten roles and 22 marital relationship goals. Besides that, there are a total of 22 developmental tasks undergone by the lasting marriage couples in all four phases of development. The developmental task is a responsibility that must be fulfilled in marriage. In this research, the task of sustaining a marital relationship is one of the
most critical responsibilities couples do in every phases other than parenting duties and relationships with others, such as in-laws and communities. Implementation of development tasks involves 96 strategies. The main strategy used by couples to carry out duties of development involves elements of religion, love and affection and
responsibility. Lasting marriage couples also undergone 21 challenges according to the chronology of the developmental phase of the marriage relationship. The most common challenges faced by couples throughout the marriage are third-party intervention, financial and an unexpected event. Furthermore, the dyadic coping, which involves the cooperation of the couple in their marriage reflects the couples'
success through each phase of development. Hence, the outcomes of the research develop the conceptual model of the development of marital relationships in the family cycle, as a reference and guide in the field of marriage and family research. This study also proposes significant suggestions in developing future lasting marriage relationship research.
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Seroprevalence and factors associated with chlamydia trachomatis Infection among subfertile couples attending local public subfertility clinic
Item Type: Thesis
Editor:
Year: 00/00/2020
Abstract: Chlamydia trachomatis is one of the agents that cause the sexually transmitted infections called chlamydia. People practicing risky sexual behaviours such as having multiple sex partners, exercising sexual intercourse at an early age, and undergoing unprotected sexual
intercourse (without condom) with casual partners, are at risk of getting Chlamydia trachomatis infection. One of the significant, long term implications of risky sexual behaviours and sexually transmitted infection is infertility problems. The objectives of this study are to determine the seroprevalence of Chlamydia trachomatis (CT) among subfertile couples (husband and wife) of The Lembaga Penduduk dan
Pembangunan Keluarga Negara (LPPKN) Subfertility Clinic and the factors associated with it (i.e. socio-demographic, duration of marriage, infertility factor, knowledge, attitude, practice of risky sexual behaviour (RSB) and predictors of Chlamydia trachomatis infection). The study is a cross-sectional study involving 112 infertile couples who underwent fertility treatment at LPPKN Subfertility Clinic from February 2018 until February 2019. Sociodemographic factors, duration of marriage, infertility factor, knowledge, attitude and practice (KAP) of risky sexual behavior (RSB) variables were determined via self-administered
questionnaire that includes close ended questions. Meanwhile, Chlamydia trachomatis antigen and antibody (CT IgG) were determined via Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) and rapid visual immunoassay test kit. This approach is selected to detect past and
current infections of Chlamydia trachomatis through antibody and antigen detection in the blood serum, endocervical swab and urine samples. The response rate of this study was 97.39%. Majority of the respondents were aged between 25-34 years old and dominated by Malay ethnicity. Half of the respondents were among those with tertiary level of education and working in the private sector. In term of duration of marriage, half of the samples were couples who have been married for 3-7 years with majority of them had primary infertility. The female factor was reported to be the most dominant, followed by the unexplained factor and male factor. The seroprevalence of Chlamydia trachomatis among subfertile couples was 22.1% with 14.7% in husbands and 17.9 %, was reported among wives. In terms of knowledge, the results showed that most couples had high level of knowledge
about risky sexual behaviours with a score of more than the mean (> 6) for both husbands and wives. Meanwhile, each husband and wife group had positive attitude towards risky sexual behavior. Approximately, 35.7% of husbands and 12.5% of wives were engaged with risky sexual behavior while a higher percentage of premarital sex was reported among the husbands compared to the wives. The chi-square results showed no association between CT status and socio -demographic factors, marital status and knowledge of RSB among subfertile couples. A significant association was recorded between CT and practices of RSB among couples (p< 0.05) particularly among those with multiple sex partners and husbands who had premarital sex (p<0.05). However, the Binary Logistic Regression analysis showed that none of the selected variables were significant predictors of CT status among the couples (p> 0.05). This study has determined that the seroprevalence of Chlamydia trachomatis (22.1%) and practices of risky sexual behavior among subfertile couples were high. Even though the results have shown no association between the dependent and independent variables, our finding has given an evidence based detection of past infection of Chlamydia trachomatis among
subfertile couples. The practice of RSB has interrelated risk of getting CT and its long term consequences particularly on women reproductive system. Since the awareness on CT among public is considered low, it is crucial to sensitize them about it to ensure early detection and prevention. Therefore, CT screening is strongly recommended to be integrated in fertility work up. treatment and be promoted among sexually active adolescents and those young in age.
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Fathers' bonding and self-esteem among trainees in the drugs treatment and rehabilitation center in Melaka
Item Type: Thesis
Editor:
Year: 00/05/2018
Abstract: The paper discusses a survey study that examined the father’s bonding and its relationship with self-esteem. A total of 97 trainees in Cure and Care Rehabilitation Centre (CCRC), Tiang Dua, Melaka who participated in the study had responded to questionnaires on aspects of fathers’ bonding and their self-esteem. Analysis of correlation between fathers’ bonding and self-esteem were performed. Frequency count, percentage and mean were also calculated to examine the parenting involvement among fathers. The Pearson r Value, the significant and t-Test were used to the objectives of the study. Results indicated that 65% have lower bonding with their father’s whereas only 35% have had a high father’s bonding. The t-test also showed there is non significant correlation in the index of father’s bonding with self-esteem (Sig=.402 and r value= -0.086). However, the respondents felt that their fathers were unfriendly and had little communication with them. The correlation between fathers’ bonding and their self-esteem was rather low. This implies that the roles of father in parenting need to be examined further.
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Peranan sosialisasi ibu atau bapa komuter dipermudahkan dengan bantuan teknologi gajet dan media sosial: kajian kes di bangunan Ibu Pejabat LPPKN
Item Type: Thesis
Editor:
Year: 00/00/2018
Abstract: This study looks into the role of parents as the socialisation agent for their children in the lives of commuter families, which refers to the parents who do not live with their children due to distance and occupational demands. The rapid development of gadgets and social media technology such as the development of smart phones and
web 2.0 has allowed online social interactions made possible and can be used as a medium of change in being able to connect people who are at a distance from each other as seen in the case of commuter children and their parents. This study looks closely at how gadgets and social media technology helps parents of commuter families who work specifically at the LPPKN headquarters building and the role it plays
as a socialisation agent for their children. There are three research objectives in this study and they are as follows i) to explore the usage of gadgets and social media technology by parents in commuter families, ii) to identify the parenting style that is practiced by parents in commuter families when interacting with their children, iii) to analyse the effects of gadgets and social media technology on the role of parents in commuter families as the socialisation agent for their children. This study uses the qualitative approach through in-depth interviews and non-participant observation there are 10 participants involved in this study that was selected using purposive sampling. The symbolic interactionism and dramaturgy theory was used to explain the role of
gadgets and social media technology to the parents of commuter families and in helping them to understand their role in the socialisation of their children. Results from the study has shown that the use of gadgets and social media technology has definitely aided parents in commuter families' role in being the socialisation agent for their
children through online interactions. Other results include gaining insight to the authoritative parenting style that is executed in a democratic nature of commuter family parents and their consciousness towards the needs of their children. Besides that, the study has shown that gadgets and social media technology has given a positive effect towards parents of commuter families' role in being the socialisation agent for their children, in that it strengthens the bond and interactions between parent and child. This study has found that the use of gadgets and social media technology has enabled parents of commuter families to exercise their socialisation responsibilities towards their children through means of educating them and instilling moral values.
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Parenting style and risk level of drug abuse among students in USIM
Item Type: Thesis
Editor:
Year: 00/00/2018
Abstract: Drug issue is a worldwide problem being faced by many countries and creates a complicated social problem including drug abuse among teenagers. This requires an aggressive corrective action by related agencies because it is getting rampant and has yet to be resolved. Nevertheless, society cannot always depend upon the related agencies to solve this problem. The family institution is believed to also have a role to prevent or reduce the drug abuse rate in teenagers. Looking on this aspect, the parenting style is important in shaping good character in behavior, interest, goals, and beliefs of the teenagers. A total of 121 Tamhidi students in USIM involved as respondents for the present study. Each respondent was given a questionnaire with 60 questions, represented by three sections which are - A: Demography; B: DAST-20; and C: Parenting Style. Results revealed that gender has a significant difference (p<0.05) on sociodemographic characteristic. However, no significant difference (p>0.05) were observed on the age, parent marital status, and family household. On the other part of the study, significant difference (p<0.05) was observed on the parenting style. Authoritarian style of parenting has recorded with a low-risk (46.3%) drug taking by the respondents followed by permissive parenting style (25.0%). The analysis also revealed that respondents with parent who are applying the authoritative parenting style had no-risk of possibility on taking drug (96.7%). In summary, socio-demographic attribute on gender and permissive parenting styles has been associated with high-risk drug abuse among respondents in the present study.
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Relationship between family functioning, parenting behaviour, self-efficacy, and gender on risky behaviour amongst adolescents in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
Item Type: Thesis
Editor:
Year: 00/00/2018
Abstract: Adolescence is the developmental period marked by a rise in risk-taking behaviours. The high rate of adolescents’ involvement in risky behaviours in the past decades has created a vast amount of attention on the impact to their future. In Malaysia, the impact of risky behaviour has been alarming as evidenced by the media reports on baby dumping, unwanted pregnancies, drug addiction and juvenile delinquency. The increasing trend of adolescents’ involvement in risky behaviour may be associated with social- and self-factors. The current study was conducted to investigate the relationship between family functioning, parenting behaviours, self-efficacy, and gender on risky behaviours amongst adolescents in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. This quantitative study utilised a descriptive and correlational research design. Data were collected using self-administered questionnaires. A total of 411 adolescents aged 15 to 18 years were recruited as respondents. Six instruments were used namely the Family Perception Scale, the Parental Monitoring Scale, the General SelfEfficacy Scale, the Adolescent Alcohol and Drug Involvement Scale, the Adolescent Sexual Activity Index, and the Self-Reported Delinquent-Problem Behaviour Frequency Scale to measure the respective variables. Descriptive, bivariate, and multivariate statistics were used in analyses to address the specific objectives of the study. The study found that 12.6% of adolescents reported engagement in substance use, 47.2% in risky sexual behaviour, and 52.1% in delinquency. The independent t-test analysis showed that the proportion of male adolescents who engaged in substance use was higher compared to female. There were no significant differences between male and female in risky sexual behaviour and delinquency. Findings of this study showed that self-efficacy only moderated the relationship between parental monitoring and substance use, whereby the effect is strongest among adolescents with low self-efficacy, and weakest among adolescents with high self-efficacy. This suggested that there is low risky for adolescents to involve in substance use if the adolescent has higher level of self-efficacy. Meanwhile, gender only moderated the relationship between parental monitoring and risky sexual behaviour, whereby the effect is stronger among male adolescents compared to female adolescents. This suggested that male adolescents tend to involve more with risky sexual behaviour compared to female adolescents. The present study conclude that family functioning (family cohesion, communication), parenting behaviour (parental monitoring and parental involvement), self-efficacy and gender influence risky behaviours (substance use, risky sexual behaviour and delinquency) amongst adolescents in Kuala Lumpur. The findings has implication for parents as well as individuals and professional working with adolescents. Parental monitoring was significantly correlated with substance use thus parents were suggested to provide appropriate monitoring to increase awareness that their involvement is crucial in reducing adolescents’ substance use. They also need to be equipped with appropriate skills to establish high quality relationship with their adolescent children. The finding also call for intervention to provide adolescents with necessary skills to help them avoid being involved in risky behaviour.
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Kajian bagi mengenalpasti faktor-faktor risiko kanser payudara yang berkaitan dengan gaya hidup dalam kalangan wanita melayu di Kuala Lumpur
Item Type: Thesis
Editor:
Year: 00/02/2016
Abstract: Breast cancer is the most common cancer that has affected women all over the world. The worldwide rates of breast cancer incidence and mortality show a drastic and alarming increase. Until today the cause of the disease has yet to be identified. However, evidences from extensive researches related to breast cancer found that there were several lifestyle factors and some biomedical factors of the women that are scientifically recognized to increase the risk for breast cancer. In Malaysia, recent data obtained from data obtained from the National Population and Family Development Board (NPFDB) shows the incidence rate of breast cancer among Malay women was
found to have increased drastically in the last 8 years. This study aimed to identify risk factors, especially those related to lifestyle that may increase the risk of breast cancer among Malay women in Kuala Lumpur. The study also examined the knowledge of breast cancer among informants. A total of twelve breast cancer survivors were
interviewed in depth to identify and explore aspects of past lifestyle and biomedical background that may likely to increase their risk of getting breast cancer. Results show that some lifestyle and biological risk factors seen likely to increase the risk of getting breast cancer; late age at first birth or has never given birth (nulliparity), has never
breastfed or short period of breastfed, obesity, physical inactivity, high frequency of red meat intake, less intake of vegetables and fruits, psychological stress, family history of breast cancer and radiation treatment to the chest or breast. The study also found that the majority of the informants had poor knowledge regarding breast cancer.
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Penentuan pengaruh Psikostres terhadap kerosakan DNA dan ketakormalan residu sitoplasma sperma manusia
Item Type: Thesis
Editor:
Year: 00/00/2016
Abstract: Idiopathic infertility has been correlated with psychostress which can result in abnormality and declining semen quality in men. Nevertheless, direct relationship of semen quality and psychostress is still unclear. Hence, this study was conducted to evaluate the effect of psychostresson semen quality with emphasizing on sperm DNA damage and cytoplasm droplet abnormality. A total of 628 respondents were selected randomly among men aged between 25-45 years old were patient from LPPKN.
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Sosialisasi dan kawalan sosial dalam kehidupan remaja berisiko: kajian kes di projek Perumahan Rakyat (PPR) Sri Pahang, Bangsar dan Sri Pantai, Lembah Pantai, Kuala Lumpur
Item Type: Thesis
Editor:
Year: 00/00/2015
Abstract: This study focused on a group of adolescents categorized as adolescents at risk in the People's Housing Project (PPR) area in urban areas. Purpose of the study is to identify and understand the life patterns of at -risk adolescents includes their involvement in deviant behavior, the role of socialization agents and forms of social control in the lives of at -risk adolescents. This study uses design qualitative form using in -depth interview and observation methods did not participate. A total of 10 teenagers consisted of six boys and four women aged between 16 to 22 years from PPR Sri Pahang, Bangsar and PPR Sri Pantai, Lembah Pantai have been purposefully selected.
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Antara dua dunia : memahami pengalaman subjektif transeksual
Item Type: Thesis
Editor:
Year: 00/00/2013
Abstract: This study was designed to make a better understanding of transsexual’s subjective experiences. Semi structure face to face interview method was chosen in order to gather these data. There are three respondent (transsexual male to female) aged 30th , 40th
and 50th involved in this study, which was represented by one person for each group. The data gathered was analyzed based on topics and subtopics. Three (3) main topic such as background, experience in childhood and adolescent and self-concept was highlighted in
this study. There are numbers of interesting findings based on background, trigger that cause transsexual identity, colleague influential, emotion and behavior. These key elements should be considered directly or indirectly in order to implement policy, intervention, program and counseling. By understanding their experience well, would help enhancing their resilient and coping skills with regards to immoral activities and make them feel part of the community. This study is a prelude to other studies involving the transsexual especially for parents who have child which is tend to develop transsexual identity and other aspects such as sexual life, psychology resiliency, coping skills and ets.
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The effectiveness of human resource training programme at the National Population and Family Development Board
Item Type: Thesis
Editor:
Year: 10/12/2012
Abstract: Training is a part of human basic needs to achieve perfects or efficiency in doing task. In the public service, training is a must for everyone in order to enhance their skills, knowledge and attitude. This study is to find out the effectiveness of Human Resource Training Policy. The study was done at the National Population and Family Development Board (NPFDB), one of the Government agency under a Ministry of Women, Family and Community Development. The data is collected through distributed questionnaire among the officers and staffs at NPFDB. The questionnaire is divided into 3 part consists respondent profile, effectiveness of training program (13 question) and employee attitude towards training (13 question) and ended with comment or suggestion from respondent if any. Secondary data also is used provided by the Human Resource Department, NPFDB. Quantitative analysis is carried out on this data and standard SPSS (version 18.0) is used to run the analysis. Descriptive statistic is used to analyse respondent's profile. The study shows that independent variable are negative significant with dependent variable. The perception and perceived outcome of the study point that the human resource training policy is significant and acceptable.
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Mediating effect of work-family psychological contract on the relationship between perceived organization support and job satisfaction
Item Type: Thesis
Editor:
Year: 01/10/2012
Abstract: Job satisfaction is a broad construct, regarding all or most the characteristics of the job itself and the work environment, which employees find rewarding, fulfilling and satisfying or frustrating and unsatisfying (Weiss,2002). Therefore, the purpose of this study is to examine the impact of work-family psychological contract as mediator in the relationship between family supportive organization perception and family supportive supervisor, and job satisfaction. Besides, this study is to examine the relationship between family supportive organization perception, family supportive supervisor and work-family psychological contract and job satisfaction. The respondent of this study included 158 executive level in grade 27 and 41 at the National Population and Family Development Board, Malaysia. Data were collected using self-administered questionnaires. The study employed the structural equation model analysis. The results show that work-family psychological contract mediates the relationship between family supportive organization perception and family supportive supervisor, and job satisfaction. However, there is a non significant relationship between family supportive organization perception with job satisfaction. Since the result of this study revealed that work-family psychological contract play the important role to increase a job satisfaction among the employees, this study was suggested that employer can increase the level of job satisfaction through their strong support in work-family aspect to help the employees balance their work and family.
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Study on the relationship between physical work environment, compensation system, promotion opportunity and work performance amongst employee in banking industry in Klang Valley
Item Type: Thesis
Editor:
Year: 01/02/2011
Abstract: This study focusing on the relationship between physical work environment, compensation system, promotion opportunity and work performance of the employee's in the banking industry. This study is conducted among six (6) commercial banks located in Klang Valley. The study use qualitative method, in which questionnaire was given to the respondent to get their views on the study. As for this study, the six selected banks and employees were chosen using the simple random sampling method. A total of 150 questionnaires were distributed to the employees and 120 questionnaires were returned and usable for further analysis. This study used Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS) version 18.0 to analyze the data. The study found that physical working environment, compensation system and promotion opportunity have a positive relationship with the employee's work performance. All of the elements had only a low level significance relationship with work performance. However, from the three elements, promotion opportunity was the highest significance level of relationship, followed by the physical work environment and lastly the compensation system. This means that employee's work performance thus not much affected by the physical work environment, compensation system and promotion opportunity that organization have provided or introduced.
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Cytotoxicity and expression profiles of apoptosis gene related in human cervical cancer (HeLa) cell lines in response to Newcastle disease virus (NDV) strains AF2240 And V4-UPM
Item Type: Thesis
Editor:
Year: 01/01/2011
Abstract: In this study the cytotoxicity and expression profiles of apoptosis gene related in human cervical cancer (HeLa) cell lines in response to Newcastle disease virus (NDV) strains AF2240 and V4-UPM were studied. NDV is a strain of avian paramyxovirus. NDV has been classified into the order Mononegavirales, family Paramyxoviridae, subfamily Paramyxovirinae and genus Rubulavirus. NDV caused severe economic losses in the poultry industry worldwide. Several local strains of Newcastle disease virus were reported to induce cytolysis to the cancerous cell lines. Strain AF2240 is a heat resistant viscerotropic velogenic NDV and strain V4-UPM is a heat resistant lentogenic which has significant higher thermostabilities of infectivity and haemagglutination were reported cytolysis leukemic cells in vitro and has shown in vivo anti leukemic agents . In this study the cytotoxicity effects of strains of NDV AF2240 and V4-UPM towards HeLa cell were determined by using standard microtetrazolium assay (MTT). Cytotoxicity dose 50% (CD50) cells treated with different titre of NDV as haemagglutination units (HAU) as compared to the untreated cells was estimated at 72 hours post-infection. The CD50 values obtained were 0.95 HAU and 1.0 HAU for strains AF2240 and V4-UPM, respectively. No cytolytic effect was noted towards normal cells (3T3) was observed. Both strains were also observed to inhibit HeLa cell proliferation. Morphological observations also have been done under inverted light and fluorescence microscopes. Under the inverted light microscope, the HeLa cells treated with both strains showed apoptotic features such as cell shrinkage, cell blebbing and formation of apoptotic bodies. Morphological features of apoptosis were also observed by using the AO/PI staining method under the fluorescence microscope. The AO/PI staining demonstrated the occurrence of apoptosis which was characterised mainly by chromatin condensation, nuclear shrinkage and formation of apoptotic bodies. Evidently, both strains AF2240 and V4-UPM used in the study were found to induce cells towards apoptosis rather than necrosis. NDV strain AF2240 and strain V4-UPM was also caused genotoxic in HeLa cells after two hours treatment with CD10 and CD25 values by alkaline comet assay. Results showed that HeLa cells treated with NDV strains AF2240, V4-UPM and hydrogen peroxide gave different distribution of scores. The HeLa cells treated with hydrogen peroxide as a positive control gave more percentage at score 2, 3 and 4 for both cytotoxicity values compared to the HeLa cells treated with NDV for both strains. Observation in this study has proved the genotoxic potential of the NDV strains AF2240 and V4-UPM to induce DNA damage on HeLa cells as early as two hours following treatment at very low cytotoxicity dose (CD10 and CD25) values. Meanwhile, the cell cycle analyses of HeLa cells treated with local strains of NDV AF2240 or V4-UPM did not induce cell cycle arrest in any specific phase. Sub-G1 phase (apoptosis peak) was found in both treated cells with a very high percentage compared to untreated cells with a small percentage. The results indicate that, the percentages of apoptosis were significantly increased (p≤0.05) in the time-dependent manner in both NDV strains treated HeLa cells. The molecular mechanisms of apoptosis may depend on the NDV strain and cell type. Six apoptosis genes were selected in this study namely Casp8, TNF-α, Bcl2 and TRAIL which focused on extrinsic pathway of apoptosis, while the gene Bax was used as an indicator for intrinsic pathway triggered by cellular stress. Lastly Myc, oncogene was used as an indicator for cell growth. From this study, NDV strain AF2240 was identified as a highly induced death receptor pathway due to the upregulation of TNF gene and the downregulation of Bax gene. Whereas NDV strain V4-UPM triggered both pathways but through the extrinsic pathway due to the very high expression of the TNF gene. The TNF gene was highly expressed due to its location and function as a stimulator of the death receptor pathway. The Casp8 gene was activated and expressed in order to enter the execution-phase of cell death. The Bcl-2 gene was continuously observed because of its function as an apoptosis regulator. Surprisingly, no expression was detected by the TRAIL gene. NDV strain AF2240 was more effective than NDV strain V4-UPM as an apoptosis inducer. These gene expression results showed that the apoptosis occurred and lead to cell death.
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Customer retention: a case study of LPPKN clinics
Item Type: Thesis
Editor:
Year: 00/00/2011
Abstract: This is a descriptive study intended to identify the main factors which contribute to the customer retention among the “Clinical Clients” of National Population and Family Development Board or “Lembaga Penduduk dan Pembangunan Keluarga Negara”
(LPPKN). The study focused on three variables to check on the level of influence, affect and effect to the process of customer retention. Those variables are service branding, perceived value and service quality. The study was also covered the impact and
influence of the demographic element to the service branding, perceived value and service quality in the process of customer retention. Health service sector is getting very important and competitive. This is highly true among the health clinics which are providing reproductive health services. Understanding and fulfilling the customers’ need will contribute to retaining existing customers and reduce the customer switching intentions. Through this research, we were able get some insights of factors and the ranking of importance of these factors in the process of customer retention. For the purpose of this study I have chosen LPPKN Clinics (Semi-Government) in Klang Valley and Seremban. The finding shows there is a positive relationship between perceived value and service quality with customer retention. Nevertheless relationship between service branding and customer retention is not supported for the LPPKN clinical setting. Analysis on the demographic factor showed that, it has a significant influence in regard to service branding, perceived value, service quality and customer retention.
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Socio-economic correlates of fertility in Peninsular Malaysia
Item Type: Thesis
Editor:
Year: 01/04/2009
Abstract: The main aim of this paper is to examine the fertility trends and differentials among Peninsular Malaysia women based on the 2004 Malaysian Population and Family Survey (MPFS-4) according to selected socio-economic variables which were found to have significant effect on number of children ever born. Findings from the study reveal that mean number of children ever born has dropped from 4.2 children in 1974 to 3.6 children in 1984, 3.4 children in 1994 and continued to decline to 3.1 in 2004. Fertility level is highest among Malays, who resides in rural areas, eastern region, lower educational level, women who had never worked, women whose husbands worked in agricultural sector and family income less than RM1000 a month. Socio-economic variables can only affect the fertility level through the intermediate variables such as postponement of marriage and use of contraception. There is an upward trend in age at first marriage from 17.6 years in 1974 to 22.0 years in 2004. Marriage postponement is more pronounced among highly educated Chinese women, followed by the Indians and the Malays. The contraceptive prevalence rate was highest among Chinese, followed by the Indians and the Malays. Ethnic differentials in number of children ever born are rather pronounced. In the multivariate context, after adjusting for age and age at first marriage, the differential in the mean number of children ever born among ethnic groups remain discernible. The socio¬economic variables have different effects on the fertility level of each ethnic group. 'Region' emerges as the most important predictor of Malay fertility, while 'work pattern' and 'family income' is the most important predictor of Chinese and Indian fertility respectively. Based on the present trend, it is highly likely that the fertility will reach replacement level by 2020, and the 70 million population target is unlikely to be achieved through natural increase. There is a need for the government to give some attention to the trend in delayed and non-marriage as this will determine to a large extent the future course of population growth in Malaysia.
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Video (14)
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Suara Keluarga, Masa Depan Negara: Kajian Penduduk dan Keluarga Malaysia Keenam (KPKM-6) 2024
Item Type: Video
Editor:
Year: 00/07/2024
Abstract: The Sixth Malaysian Population and Family Survey (MPFS-6) 2024 is the sixth study in a series of surveys conducted by the National Population and Family Development Board (NPFDB) since 1974. This study aims to provide up-to-date information and time-series data related to population, family, and reproductive health of the Malaysian population.
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Video Promosi Kajian Penduduk dan Keluarga Malaysia Keenam (KPKM-6) 2024
Item Type: Video
Editor:
Year: 00/07/2024
Abstract: The Sixth Malaysian Population and Family Survey (MPFS-6) 2024 is the sixth study in a series of surveys conducted by the National Population and Family Development Board (NPFDB) since 1974. This study aims to provide up-to-date information and time-series data related to population, family, and reproductive health of the Malaysian population.
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K.A.S.I.H
Item Type: Video
Editor:
Year: 00/01/2023
Abstract: The Family KASIH campaign is an initiative of the Ministry of Women, Family and Community Development (MWFCD) through the National Population and Family Development Board (NPFDB) to deal with mental health problems among family members post-Covid-19. This campaign focuses on the application of pure family values which is LOVE which is the main core of family well-being. LOVE means Affection, Morality, Health and Safety, Knowledge and Harmony.
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Cepat Tahu, Cepat Tindak
Item Type: Video
Editor:
Year: 00/01/2023
Abstract: Educational video regarding the importance of undergoing a mammogram test which is an examination to detect the early stages of breast cancer while the HPV DNA test is a test to detect the Human Papillomavirus (HPV) that is infected through sexual contact. Cervical cancer is cancer at the base of the uterus caused by HPV.
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Jangan Malu Ambil Tahu, Jangan Malu Bagi Tahu
Item Type: Video
Editor:
Year: 00/01/2023
Abstract: #AmbilTahuBagiTahu is a movement that supports the campaign "Don't be ashamed to learn and don't be ashamed to learn" which aims to raise awareness about the importance of reproductive and social health education in Malaysia.
This campaign is implemented by one of the agencies under the Ministry of Women, Family and Community Development which is the National Population and Family Development Board (NPFDB).
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The Family Well-Being Index 2019
Item Type: Video
Editor:
Year: 00/00/2020
Abstract: A Short video on Family well-being index. The family well-being index (FWBI) is developed to measure the level of family well-being in the country. To continue monitoring the level of well-being of Malaysian families, the third series of FWBI was held in 2019 maintained all eight domains of FWBI 2016.
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Pelancaran Laporan Penemuan Utama Kajian Penduduk dan Keluarga Malaysia Kelima (KPKM-5)
Item Type: Video
Editor:
Year: 00/02/2016
Abstract: The 2014 Malaysian Population and Family Survey is the fifth in a series of surveys conducted by the NPFDB every 10 years since 1974. The information covered for each target group was related to population, living quarters and household, formation of family, fertility, family planning, family life, health practices, elderly, as well as the social and sexual activities of the adolescents.
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Seminar Antarabangsa Kekeluargaan di Persada Johor pada 13 Februari 2014.
Item Type: Video
Editor:
Year: 13/02/2014
Abstract: Johor College of Islamic Studies (MARSAH) in collaboration with the National Population and Family Development Board (NPFDB), Ministry of Women, Family and Community Development and Johor Bahru City Council (JBCC) took the initiative to organize the International Conference on Family from a Global Perspective to contribute towards development efforts ummah in an integrated manner based on a tajdid approach that takes into account the ideas of ijtihad that are deemed appropriate to be implemented in today’s society. The objective of this conference is to expose issues related to family institutions from a global perspective, explore views related to family issues especially children's rights from an Islamic perspective, explain the position and stance of Islam on family issues that touch on matters related to religion, social, culture, education and so on. In addition, look at the legal provisions related to children in Malaysia and the Southeast Asian region and others. The era of globalization is a century that greatly challenges the integrity of identity and survival of Muslims today, including family institutions. In facing the challenge, Muslims need to plan a futuristic agenda based on the development that will take place in the future. This is in line with the theme of the conference, "Challenges and Future of Islamic Family Institutions". This one-day conference consists of three slots: i) Adopted Children and Illegal Children in Islam ii) Hukum Hakam Related to Marriage in Islamic Family Law iii) Challenges in Islamic Family Issues The main speech in the conference was Honoured Tun Dr. Mahathir bin Mohamad, former Prime Minister of Malaysia. Conference paper presenters include senior lecturers from Institutions of Higher Learning in and outside the country including from Thailand, Brunei Darussalam and Indonesia. The one-day conference was attended by 300 participants consisting of officials from government agencies, non-governmental organizations (NGOs), research institutions, academics, professional organizations and Higher Institutions students.
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Kajian Penduduk dan Keluarga Malaysia Kelima (KPKM-5)
Item Type: Video
Editor:
Year: 00/00/2014
Abstract: Announcement of the implementation of the Malaysian Population and Family Survey 2014 (MPFS-5).The purpose of this survey was to collect the latest information and time series data in respect of demography, family and reproductive health of the Malaysian population.
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