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Results for Item type : "Thesis"
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Antara dua dunia : memahami pengalaman subjektif transeksual
Item Type: Thesis
Author: 
Jalil, Salmi Jalina and
Author: 
Editor: 
Year:  00/00/2013
Abstract:  This study was designed to make a better understanding of transsexual’s subjective experiences. Semi structure face to face interview method was chosen in order to gather these data. There are three respondent (transsexual male to female) aged 30th , 40th and 50th involved in this study, which was represented by one person for each group. The data gathered was analyzed based on topics and subtopics. Three (3) main topic such as background, experience in childhood and adolescent and self-concept was highlighted in this study. There are numbers of interesting findings based on background, trigger that cause transsexual identity, colleague influential, emotion and behavior. These key elements should be considered directly or indirectly in order to implement policy, intervention, program and counseling. By understanding their experience well, would help enhancing their resilient and coping skills with regards to immoral activities and make them feel part of the community. This study is a prelude to other studies involving the transsexual especially for parents who have child which is tend to develop transsexual identity and other aspects such as sexual life, psychology resiliency, coping skills and ets.
 
 
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The effectiveness of human resource training programme at the National Population and Family Development Board
Item Type: Thesis
Author: 
Ismail, Adzhar and
Author: 
Editor: 
Year:  10/12/2012
Abstract:  Training is a part of human basic needs to achieve perfects or efficiency in doing task. In the public service, training is a must for everyone in order to enhance their skills, knowledge and attitude. This study is to find out the effectiveness of Human Resource Training Policy. The study was done at the National Population and Family Development Board (NPFDB), one of the Government agency under a Ministry of Women, Family and Community Development. The data is collected through distributed questionnaire among the officers and staffs at NPFDB. The questionnaire is divided into 3 part consists respondent profile, effectiveness of training program (13 question) and employee attitude towards training (13 question) and ended with comment or suggestion from respondent if any. Secondary data also is used provided by the Human Resource Department, NPFDB. Quantitative analysis is carried out on this data and standard SPSS (version 18.0) is used to run the analysis. Descriptive statistic is used to analyse respondent's profile. The study shows that independent variable are negative significant with dependent variable. The perception and perceived outcome of the study point that the human resource training policy is significant and acceptable.
 
 
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Mediating effect of work-family psychological contract on the relationship between perceived organization support and job satisfaction
Item Type: Thesis
Author: 
Saharom, Shahriah and
Author: 
Editor: 
Year:  01/10/2012
Abstract:  Job satisfaction is a broad construct, regarding all or most the characteristics of the job itself and the work environment, which employees find rewarding, fulfilling and satisfying or frustrating and unsatisfying (Weiss,2002). Therefore, the purpose of this study is to examine the impact of work-family psychological contract as mediator in the relationship between family supportive organization perception and family supportive supervisor, and job satisfaction. Besides, this study is to examine the relationship between family supportive organization perception, family supportive supervisor and work-family psychological contract and job satisfaction. The respondent of this study included 158 executive level in grade 27 and 41 at the National Population and Family Development Board, Malaysia. Data were collected using self-administered questionnaires. The study employed the structural equation model analysis. The results show that work-family psychological contract mediates the relationship between family supportive organization perception and family supportive supervisor, and job satisfaction. However, there is a non significant relationship between family supportive organization perception with job satisfaction. Since the result of this study revealed that work-family psychological contract play the important role to increase a job satisfaction among the employees, this study was suggested that employer can increase the level of job satisfaction through their strong support in work-family aspect to help the employees balance their work and family.
 
 
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Study on the relationship between physical work environment, compensation system, promotion opportunity and work performance amongst employee in banking industry in Klang Valley
Item Type: Thesis
Author: 
Ismayatim, Shafareeza and
Author: 
Editor: 
Year:  01/02/2011
Abstract:  This study focusing on the relationship between physical work environment, compensation system, promotion opportunity and work performance of the employee's in the banking industry. This study is conducted among six (6) commercial banks located in Klang Valley. The study use qualitative method, in which questionnaire was given to the respondent to get their views on the study. As for this study, the six selected banks and employees were chosen using the simple random sampling method. A total of 150 questionnaires were distributed to the employees and 120 questionnaires were returned and usable for further analysis. This study used Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS) version 18.0 to analyze the data. The study found that physical working environment, compensation system and promotion opportunity have a positive relationship with the employee's work performance. All of the elements had only a low level significance relationship with work performance. However, from the three elements, promotion opportunity was the highest significance level of relationship, followed by the physical work environment and lastly the compensation system. This means that employee's work performance thus not much affected by the physical work environment, compensation system and promotion opportunity that organization have provided or introduced.
 
 
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Cytotoxicity and expression profiles of apoptosis gene related in human cervical cancer (HeLa) cell lines in response to Newcastle disease virus (NDV) strains AF2240 And V4-UPM
Item Type: Thesis
Author: 
Mohd Yussof, Mohd Azizuddin and
Author: 
Editor: 
Year:  01/01/2011
Abstract:  In this study the cytotoxicity and expression profiles of apoptosis gene related in human cervical cancer (HeLa) cell lines in response to Newcastle disease virus (NDV) strains AF2240 and V4-UPM were studied. NDV is a strain of avian paramyxovirus. NDV has been classified into the order Mononegavirales, family Paramyxoviridae, subfamily Paramyxovirinae and genus Rubulavirus. NDV caused severe economic losses in the poultry industry worldwide. Several local strains of Newcastle disease virus were reported to induce cytolysis to the cancerous cell lines. Strain AF2240 is a heat resistant viscerotropic velogenic NDV and strain V4-UPM is a heat resistant lentogenic which has significant higher thermostabilities of infectivity and haemagglutination were reported cytolysis leukemic cells in vitro and has shown in vivo anti leukemic agents . In this study the cytotoxicity effects of strains of NDV AF2240 and V4-UPM towards HeLa cell were determined by using standard microtetrazolium assay (MTT). Cytotoxicity dose 50% (CD50) cells treated with different titre of NDV as haemagglutination units (HAU) as compared to the untreated cells was estimated at 72 hours post-infection. The CD50 values obtained were 0.95 HAU and 1.0 HAU for strains AF2240 and V4-UPM, respectively. No cytolytic effect was noted towards normal cells (3T3) was observed. Both strains were also observed to inhibit HeLa cell proliferation. Morphological observations also have been done under inverted light and fluorescence microscopes. Under the inverted light microscope, the HeLa cells treated with both strains showed apoptotic features such as cell shrinkage, cell blebbing and formation of apoptotic bodies. Morphological features of apoptosis were also observed by using the AO/PI staining method under the fluorescence microscope. The AO/PI staining demonstrated the occurrence of apoptosis which was characterised mainly by chromatin condensation, nuclear shrinkage and formation of apoptotic bodies. Evidently, both strains AF2240 and V4-UPM used in the study were found to induce cells towards apoptosis rather than necrosis. NDV strain AF2240 and strain V4-UPM was also caused genotoxic in HeLa cells after two hours treatment with CD10 and CD25 values by alkaline comet assay. Results showed that HeLa cells treated with NDV strains AF2240, V4-UPM and hydrogen peroxide gave different distribution of scores. The HeLa cells treated with hydrogen peroxide as a positive control gave more percentage at score 2, 3 and 4 for both cytotoxicity values compared to the HeLa cells treated with NDV for both strains. Observation in this study has proved the genotoxic potential of the NDV strains AF2240 and V4-UPM to induce DNA damage on HeLa cells as early as two hours following treatment at very low cytotoxicity dose (CD10 and CD25) values. Meanwhile, the cell cycle analyses of HeLa cells treated with local strains of NDV AF2240 or V4-UPM did not induce cell cycle arrest in any specific phase. Sub-G1 phase (apoptosis peak) was found in both treated cells with a very high percentage compared to untreated cells with a small percentage. The results indicate that, the percentages of apoptosis were significantly increased (p≤0.05) in the time-dependent manner in both NDV strains treated HeLa cells. The molecular mechanisms of apoptosis may depend on the NDV strain and cell type. Six apoptosis genes were selected in this study namely Casp8, TNF-α, Bcl2 and TRAIL which focused on extrinsic pathway of apoptosis, while the gene Bax was used as an indicator for intrinsic pathway triggered by cellular stress. Lastly Myc, oncogene was used as an indicator for cell growth. From this study, NDV strain AF2240 was identified as a highly induced death receptor pathway due to the upregulation of TNF gene and the downregulation of Bax gene. Whereas NDV strain V4-UPM triggered both pathways but through the extrinsic pathway due to the very high expression of the TNF gene. The TNF gene was highly expressed due to its location and function as a stimulator of the death receptor pathway. The Casp8 gene was activated and expressed in order to enter the execution-phase of cell death. The Bcl-2 gene was continuously observed because of its function as an apoptosis regulator. Surprisingly, no expression was detected by the TRAIL gene. NDV strain AF2240 was more effective than NDV strain V4-UPM as an apoptosis inducer. These gene expression results showed that the apoptosis occurred and lead to cell death.
 
 
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Customer retention: a case study of LPPKN clinics
Item Type: Thesis
Author: 
Sellamuthu, Rajen and
Author: 
Editor: 
Year:  00/00/2011
Abstract:  This is a descriptive study intended to identify the main factors which contribute to the customer retention among the “Clinical Clients” of National Population and Family Development Board or “Lembaga Penduduk dan Pembangunan Keluarga Negara” (LPPKN). The study focused on three variables to check on the level of influence, affect and effect to the process of customer retention. Those variables are service branding, perceived value and service quality. The study was also covered the impact and influence of the demographic element to the service branding, perceived value and service quality in the process of customer retention. Health service sector is getting very important and competitive. This is highly true among the health clinics which are providing reproductive health services. Understanding and fulfilling the customers’ need will contribute to retaining existing customers and reduce the customer switching intentions. Through this research, we were able get some insights of factors and the ranking of importance of these factors in the process of customer retention. For the purpose of this study I have chosen LPPKN Clinics (Semi-Government) in Klang Valley and Seremban. The finding shows there is a positive relationship between perceived value and service quality with customer retention. Nevertheless relationship between service branding and customer retention is not supported for the LPPKN clinical setting. Analysis on the demographic factor showed that, it has a significant influence in regard to service branding, perceived value, service quality and customer retention.
 
 
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Socio-economic correlates of fertility in Peninsular Malaysia
Item Type: Thesis
Author: 
Mahmud, Adzmel and
Author: 
Editor: 
Year:  01/04/2009
Abstract:  The main aim of this paper is to examine the fertility trends and differentials among Peninsular Malaysia women based on the 2004 Malaysian Population and Family Survey (MPFS-4) according to selected socio-economic variables which were found to have significant effect on number of children ever born. Findings from the study reveal that mean number of children ever born has dropped from 4.2 children in 1974 to 3.6 children in 1984, 3.4 children in 1994 and continued to decline to 3.1 in 2004. Fertility level is highest among Malays, who resides in rural areas, eastern region, lower educational level, women who had never worked, women whose husbands worked in agricultural sector and family income less than RM1000 a month. Socio-economic variables can only affect the fertility level through the intermediate variables such as postponement of marriage and use of contraception. There is an upward trend in age at first marriage from 17.6 years in 1974 to 22.0 years in 2004. Marriage postponement is more pronounced among highly educated Chinese women, followed by the Indians and the Malays. The contraceptive prevalence rate was highest among Chinese, followed by the Indians and the Malays. Ethnic differentials in number of children ever born are rather pronounced. In the multivariate context, after adjusting for age and age at first marriage, the differential in the mean number of children ever born among ethnic groups remain discernible. The socio¬economic variables have different effects on the fertility level of each ethnic group. 'Region' emerges as the most important predictor of Malay fertility, while 'work pattern' and 'family income' is the most important predictor of Chinese and Indian fertility respectively. Based on the present trend, it is highly likely that the fertility will reach replacement level by 2020, and the 70 million population target is unlikely to be achieved through natural increase. There is a need for the government to give some attention to the trend in delayed and non-marriage as this will determine to a large extent the future course of population growth in Malaysia.
 
 
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