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Results for Item type : "Article"

2021 (25)




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Konseptual kualiti hidup dalam konteks golongan pesara di Malaysia
Item Type: Article
Author: 
Godfrey, Amirah Saliha and
Ibrahim, Dzurizah and
Md Shah, Jalihah and
Kanyo, Nor Ina and
Author: 
Editor: 
Year:  00/12/2021
Abstract:  Quality of life carries a more complex meaning in explaining the context of an individual's life status, whether they are satisfied and happy with their living conditions or not. The phenomenon of quality of life can be measured by looking at indicators in various aspects whether monetary or non-monetary. This study was conducted to examine what the meaning of quality of life is in the context of retirees in Malaysia. In addition, this study was also conducted to see what indicators affect the quality of life, especially for retirees in Malaysia. In order to achieve the objectives of this study, a qualitative method was used, particularly working on reading sources from previous studies. The sources were screened through Scopus access. The main findings of this study found that there are various indicators that affect the quality of life retirees in Malaysia and can be divided into two categories, namely monetary which consists of economic indicators, and residence. While non-monetary consists of indicators of social support, health and family life. Therefore, this study will analyze and conceptually describe the quality of life of the retirees in Malaysia in a more comprehensive way through research on national policies and policies, as well as see a brief comparison with other countries.
 
 
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Impak positif daripada pandemik covid-19 kepada institusi kekeluargaan
Item Type: Article
Author: 
Abdullah, Noor Fiteri and
Mukhtar, Masnisah and
Author: 
Editor: 
Year:  00/12/2021
Abstract:  The world was shocked by the presence of the Covid-19 pandemic which changed the norms of human life from the usual. This effect also felt by every family institution which is the basic group in a community. The routine in family life that has become a habit had to be changed because of it. Previous studies have found that there are various negative or positive impacts from this epidemic. This article places special emphasis on the positive impact of the Covid-19 pandemic on family institutions. The study is exploratory because it is a new issue with limited resources. The study literature is based on references obtained from reading sources related to the Covid-19 pandemic and the concept of new norms for family institutions. In addition to that, independent observation and experience are also the results of the study. The focus of the positive impact of this pandemic on family institutions is seen from a spiritual perspective, habits and attitudes. The result of this writing found that there are several lessons referring to the positive impact useful to be used as a reference or guide in the future. The concept of understanding and returning to religious teachings is the key to getting a positive impact from any form of calamity or disaster.
 
 
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Impak covid-19 terhadap kelestarian sosioekonomi masyarakat pedalaman di Malaysia: kajian kes Daerah Segamat Johor
Item Type: Article
Author: 
Kamarudin, Khairul Hisyam and
Hassan@Mohammad, Asan Ali Golam and
Rashid, Mohamad Fadhli and
Loganathan, Nanthakumar and
Author: 
Editor: 
Year:  00/12/2021
Abstract:  The implementation of the Movement Control Order (MCO) by the government to control internal and cross-border movement of districts and/or states has been accepted and adapted to become the new norm in controlling the spread of infection, especially involving vulnerable community groups. But at the same time, this restriction of movement also disrupt various activities in the economic sector which is the heart of community life. Since there is a lack of specific research to find out the impact of Covid-19 on the socioeconomic sustainability and needs of the rural community, a case study and field survey was conducted invoving 20 respondents/household heads (KIR) in Felda Pemanis 1, Segamat district, Johor on 13-14 September 2021. The findings show the majority respondents are senior citizens who belong to a vulnerable and high-risk group.
 
 
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Development of a high-energy nutrient-dense meal as supplementary functional food for improving problem of stunted and under-nourished children
Item Type: Article
Author: 
Muhamad, Isa Idayu and
Abang Zaidel, Dayang Norulfairuz and
Mohd Jusoh, Yanti Maslina and
Pa'e, Norhayati and
Khair, Zulkifli and
Abdul Majid, Hairudin and
Author: 
Editor: 
Year:  00/12/2021
Abstract:  Poverty, obesity and lifestyles are the most associated factors of vitamin D deficiency among urban-living children in Malaysia. Vitamin D is necessary for calcium absorption from food to ensure healthy bones and teeth. Vitamin D deficiency can cause soft and brittle bones disease known as rickets in children and osteomalacia in adults. Based on previous research, lack of nutritional knowledge among parents can contribute to nutrition deficiencies in children. To overcome this issue, nutritional education and awareness campaign among parents are needed. Besides campaign, the development of supplementary functional food which can provide crucial nutrients and energy that can assist in brain and body growth seems beneficial.
 
 
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Pemerkasaan wanita melalui program wanita Malaysia Revolusi Industri (IR4.0) bebas jenayah siber
Item Type: Article
Author: 
Mohd, Masnizah and
Sheikh Abdullah, Siti Norul Huda and
Paiza@Fauzi, Wan Fariza and
Mohd Yusof, Siti Baizura and
Kadri, Atikah and
Author: 
Editor: 
Year:  00/12/2021
Abstract:  Sustainable national development needs to take into account the cyber well-being of the population, especially empowering women who are often the victims. Various cybercrime issues such as cyber harassment, cyberbullying, cyber stalking and criminal intimidation, under the scope of gender-based violence, online have largely involved women as primary victims. The gender power imbalance that exists in a society where usually, men are considered the dominant gender while women are considered the submissive gender. This has motivated the need to develop a form of training program that focuses on gender equality and women’s empowerment in cyber security. Therefore, this study aims to develop a cyber security training program called the Bengkel Wanita Malaysia Revolusi Industri (IR4.0) Bebas Jenayah Siber (Sibernita).
 
 
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Perceraian dalam kalangan wanita Melayu Terengganu
Item Type: Article
Author: 
Hasan, Haryati and
Author: 
Editor: 
Year:  00/12/2021
Abstract:  This article analyzes the issue of divorce claims among Terengganu Malay women. Writing from a social history perspective, focusing on the period from 1963 to 1978 based on the written report of the Besut Kadhi Office obtained at the National Archives of Malaysia Terengganu Branch. The discussion of this article is divided into three parts. First, about background such as place of origin, age, length of time left, marital and family status and partner's occupation. Second, explain the factors that cause women to make complaints to religious parties that are related to the problem of neglecting alimony and responsibilities, polygamy and disappearing for a certain period of time. Third, removing the constraints faced such as hard-to-find couples who have migrated from their original area to a new place outside Terengganu or to another district in Terengganu as well as marriage with a partner from outside Terengganu. The findings of the study show that the Kadhi Besut Office plays an important role in solving problems related to the status of women who are suspended without strings. This study is expected to be able to fill the void in writing about Malaysian social history in general and gender studies in particular in the post-independence era.
 
 
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Kemiskinan haid: krisis kesihatan awam yang perlu diakhiri
Item Type: Article
Author: 
Mohd Tohit, Nor Faiza and
Syed Hussiin, Sh Fatimah AlZahrah and
Sulaiman, Szariannie and
Rokis, Rohaiza and
Author: 
Editor: 
Year:  00/12/2021
Abstract:  Menstrual poverty is a situation when individual face difficulties in obtaining sanitary napkins (pads) or tampons due to financial constraints. It also refers to the lack or absence of sanitation facilities for managing menstruation such as no water supply or no proper waste disposal (sanitary pad) and no privacy to manage menstruation. In addition, lack of knowledge about menstruation and its management is another component of ‘menstrual poverty’. Awareness about ‘menstrual poverty’ needs to be created among the community and other stakeholders such as authorities associated with family and community institutions as well as volunteer organizations. Affected individuals also need to be empowered to speak out about the issues they face. With the pooling of resources and action from all stakeholders, this issue of ‘menstrual poverty’ can be addressed.
 
 
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Memperkasakan aspek penjagaan kanak-kanak melalui bantuan kewangan mampu meningkatkan penyertaan ibu bekerja dalam pasaran buruh
Item Type: Article
Author: 
Mohd Amin, Suhaida and
P.Rameli, Mohd Faizal and
Author: 
Editor: 
Year:  00/12/2021
Abstract:  Since the 2nd Malaysia Plan in fact, various efforts have been made by the government to empower the role of women in the labour market. One of that is employers are encouraged to provide childcare centers at work or in nearby areas to support the needs of married women with children. This is because, many studies state that many women quit their jobs when faced with difficulties of managing childcare in addition to the relatively increasing cost of childcare. Therefore, this quantitative study aims to examine the extent to which respondents are faced with the issue of access to childcare and the cost of childcare. The survey distributed online to 362 working mothers across Malaysia found that 55.8% still faced difficulties in finding childcare in their residential areas and 61.3% had problems finding childcare in their working area.
 
 
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Empowering single mothers through institutional support: lessons from single mothers in Sabah
Item Type: Article
Author: 
Topimin, Salmah and
Hasan, Haslinda and
Fabeil, Noor Fzlinda and
Yee, Beatrice Lim Fui and
Author: 
Editor: 
Year:  00/12/2021
Abstract:  Life can be challenging for single mothers. They are viewed as the most vulnerable social groups in society who often lack educational attainment, skills and social networks; thus, limiting their opportunities to compete in the labour market. Consequently, single mothers struggle to achieve financial independence and to support the well-being of their family. To help single mothers build a better life, it is crucial to provide single mothers with solid institutional support programmes. This paper explores the extent to which the institutional support programmes designed for single mothers are in accordance with the needs and expectation of the single mothers in Sabah. The views obtained from the leaders of the single mother associations show that the support programmes are useful for single mothers; however, the programmes are still inadequate to lift them out of poverty. Suggestions for improvement of the institutional support programmes for single mothers are highlighted.
 
 
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2020 (2)




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Subjective well-being of the Malaysian citizen: preliminary development of survey instrument
Item Type: Article
Author: 
Azizan, Nurul Hafizah and
Mahmud, Zamalia and
Rambli, Adzhar and
Abdullah, Nik Nairan and
Mahmud, Adzmel and
Author: 
Editor: 
Year:  00/03/2020
Abstract:  A questionnaire is a well-known measurement instrument used by most of the researchers when conducting a survey. It is a powerful tool for collecting data in survey research. It should be noted that the quality of a measurement instrument used plays a key role in ensuring the quality of data gained in the survey. Therefore, it has become essential for the researchers to carefully design their questionnaire so that the quality of the data obtained can be preserved. Then, it is also vital for the researchers to assess the quality of the data obtained before it can be successfully used for further analysis. This article discussed an early process involved in development of the survey instrument for the purpose of assessing subjective well-being of the Malaysian citizen. These include operationalization of definition, identification of the important dimension and indicators of subjective well-being, rating scale and content validity of the items with the experts.
 
 
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Household income and life satisfaction of single mothers in Malaysia
Item Type: Article
Author: 
Abdul Talib, Muzalwana and
Abdul Mutalib, Noor Khaleeda and
Shahabudin, Sharifah Muhairah and
Mahmud, Adzmel and
Author: 
Editor: 
Year:  00/01/2020
Abstract:  Single parenting is not an uncommon family setting in Malaysia. Past studies, however, tend to confirm that increasing number of single mothers is also related to increasing number of households living in poverty. Issues on single mothers in Malaysia has initiated many social groups, non-governmental organizations and government agencies to step in eradicating poverty among the single mothers especially those fall in the B40 income groups. Until today, the current information available on single mothers in Malaysia is still limited. This study attempts to explore the socio – demographic and economic background of single mothers in Malaysia and to examine their income category and level of poverty. This study utilizes the Fifth Malaysian Population Survey (MPFS5) data. MPFS5 is a nationally representative large-scale research conducted by the National Population and Family Development (NPFDB) in 2014. However, for this study, the target respondents are working single mothers (either widowed, divorced, separated); aged 15 – 59 years old; residing in Peninsular Malaysia and have children staying together with them. Findings from this study reveal that household income of single mothers falls under the B40 category but there is not enough evidence to claim that their household income is below the poverty line. Chi – Square test of associations prove relationships between poverty level to socio – demographic variables such as level of education and residential states, while PLS – SEM techniques show that income category of single mothers is somehow related to the predictors of life satisfaction construct and the overall life satisfaction. Suggestions for some policy recommendations to protect and promote single mothers within the informal sectors is also presented.
 
 
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2019 (3)


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Differentials in sexual and reproductive health knowledge among East Malaysian adolescents
Item Type: Article
Author: 
Awang, Halimah and
Low, Wah Yun and
Wen, Tin Tong and
Lih, Yoong Tang and
Whye, Lin Cheah and
Helen, Benedict Lasimbang and
Mohd Hassan, Hamizah and
Author: 
Editor: 
Year:  00/00/2019
Abstract:  The aim of this study was to assess the knowledge of East Malaysian adolescents on sexual and reproductive health issues. Data were collected in March–July 2015 from 2858 adolescents aged 13–18 years from selected East Malaysian secondary schools using a self-administered questionnaire. Twelve items relating to sexual and reproductive health were used to measure respondents’ knowledge based on their responses ‘True’, ‘False’ or ‘Don’t know’, with the proportion of correct answers being the variable of interest. Cronbach’s alpha for the twelve items was 0.761 and the mean knowledge score was 6.8. While the majority of the respondents knew that a woman can get pregnant if she has sex with a man and that HIV and AIDS can be transmitted through sexual intercourse, knowledge about Malaysia’s abortion laws, that a woman can get pregnant if she has sex only once and that people with sexually transmitted infections may look healthy was poor. Older respondents and those from urban schools reported significantly higher knowledge than younger respondents and those from rural schools, respectively. More emphasis should be given in schools to the specific topics for which low levels of sexual and reproductive health knowledge were found, with greater attention being given to younger adolescents and those in rural areas.
 
 

2018 (2)


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Development of Malaysian women fertility index
Item Type: Article
Author: 
Sharif, Shamshuritawati and
Wan Abd Jalil, Wan Aznie Fatihah and
Mahmud, Adzmel and
Author: 
Editor: 
Year:  00/11/2018
Abstract:  A fertility rate is a measure of the average number of children a woman will have during her childbearing years. Malaysia is now facing a population crisis and the fertility rate continues to decline. This situation will have implications for the age structure of the population where percentages of senior citizens are higher than percentages of people aged below 5 years old. Malaysia is expected to reach aging population status by the year 2035. As the aging population has a very long average life expectancy, the government needs to spend a lot on medical costs for senior citizens and need to increase budgets for pensions. The government may be required to increase tax revenues to support the growing older population. The falling fertility rate requires proper control by relevant authorities, especially through planning and implementation of strategic and effective measures. Hence, this paper aims to develop a fertility index using correlation and Shannon's entropy method. The results show that Selangor, Johor, and Sarawak are among the states with the highest values of the fertility index. On the other end of the spectrum, Terengganu, W.P. Labuan, and Perlis are ranked in the last positions according to the fertility index. The information generated from the results in this study can be used as a primary source for the government to design appropriate policies to mitigate dwindling fertility rates among Malaysian women.
 
 

2017 (4)




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The socioeconomic factors in constructing women fertility index: a Malaysian case study
Item Type: Article
Author: 
Wan Abd Jalil, Wan Aznie Fatihah and
Sharif, Shamshuritawati and
Mahmud, Adzmel and
Author: 
Editor: 
Year:  01/06/2017
Abstract:  Women fertility is rated by the average number of children a woman will have during her childbearing years. Malaysia is now facing a population crisis and the fertility rate continues to decline. This situation will have implications for the age structure of the population. Malaysia is expected to reach aging population status by the year 2035. As the aging population has a very long average life expectancy, the government needs to spend a lot on medical costs for senior citizens and need to increase budgets for pensions. The government may be required to increase tax revenues to support the growing older population. The falling fertility rate requires proper control by relevant authorities, especially through planning and implementation of strategic and effective measures. Hence, this paper aims to develop a fertility index using correlation and Shannon's entropy method. There are two main results from this analysis which are the factor rank and fertility index for each state. The three most important factors that influence fertility in Malaysia based on correlation method listed the number of females living in urban areas, number of females employed, and family planning methods while Shannon's entropy method listed female tertiary education attainments, number of divorces, and family planning methods. Next, the fertility index show that Selangor, Johor, and Sarawak are among the states with the highest values. On the other end of the spectrum, Terengganu, W.P. Labuan, and Perlis are ranked in the last positions. As a summary, the weighted calculation based on the correlation and entropy give different results in terms of rank the factors influencing the fertility. However, the results of both methods show that Selangor has the highest fertility index. From this study, the government may design the appropriate policies to mitigate dwindling fertility rates among Malaysian women.
 
 
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2016 (10)


2015 (15)




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Gaya hidup wanita dan faktor risiko kanser payudara: satu kajian literatur
Item Type: Article
Author: 
Affandi, Khuzailah and
Vivien, W.C. Yew and
Author: 
Editor: 
Year:  00/00/2015
Abstract:  Breast cancer is currently the most common cancer in women worldwide. It is said that there is no proven method of preventing cancer. However, studies have shown that there are some women’s lifestyle factors that have been scientifically shown to increase the risk of breast cancer. A review of the literature from the epidemiological, medical, and psychosocial disciplines strives to analyse factors that tend to increase the risk of developing breast cancer. Published material reviewed concerning the connection between breast cancer risk and lifestyle factors such as diet and physical activity. This review shows that several women’s lifestyle factors have been regularly considered as risk factors for developing breast cancer. They include women who have not had children or women who had their first child at an older age, short duration of brestfeeding or not breastfeed at all, diet and nutrition, and psychological stress.
 
 
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2014 (6)




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Outsourced parenting
Item Type: Article
Author: 
Doshi-Gandhi, Anjli and
Author: 
Editor: 
Year:  00/00/2014
Abstract:  Housemaids have become an integral part of family life in Malaysia, some may say it’s a necessity – they provide much needed support to parents who often don’t have extended family around to assist with childcare or dual career parents who are often left with little choice and require help as well as support to carry out their family responsibilities. It’s fair to say that commitment and devotion towards a successful career and rearing a child requires both sacrifice and no small amount of resolve and effort for either to work out in tandem. These and other factors prompt most parents to employ a housemaid, helper or caregiver to assist them in carrying out their roles and responsibilities. The notion being that maids would provide assistance to much needed help around the house and allow parents more freedom and time to spend with their children. From things like potty training, to swimming and riding a bicycle, from learning not to bully other kids to learning from mistakes and forgiving other people for them. All these are lessons that can be outsourced to maids, helpers or even professionals. But just because it can, doesn’t mean that it should.
 
 
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2013 (2)




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Socio-economic determinants of pap smear screening among married women in Peninsular Malaysia
Item Type: Article
Author: 
Aziz, Azlan and
Azman, Nur Airena Aireen and
Mahmud, Adzmel and
Abdul Hamid, Rosdiana and
Khairuddin, Lailina and
Author: 
Editor: 
Year:  00/02/2013
Abstract:  This study is to identify the influences of socio-economic factors towards the practice of Pap smear screening among ever married women. Bivariate correlations and logistic regression analysis was applied to the data set containing 3,283 ever married women age 15-49 years, interviewed during the Fourth Malaysian Population and Family Survey, 2004. It was found that only half the women had undergone Pap smear screening prior three years of survey, in which Chinese had the highest percentage of Pap smear screening. The logistic statistical analysis also had identified several variables has important determinant has of Pap smear screening for ever married women. Finding from this study suggest a significant relationship between the cervical cancer awareness and knowledge, age and ethnicity for those women who practice Pap smear screening.
 
 
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Factors influencing family life satisfaction among parents in Malaysia: the structural equation modeling approach (SEM))
Item Type: Article
Author: 
Abu Rahim, Mohd Amirul Rafiq and
Ishak, Ismahalil and
Mohd Shafie, Siti Aishah and
Shafiai, Raudhatul Mahfuzah and
Author: 
Editor: 
Year:  00/00/2013
Abstract:  The study attempts to investigate the factors that influence family life satisfaction (FLS) among parents in Malaysia. The study modeled the variable of parental involvement, family functioning, family resilience and time with family as independent constructs. Data for the study was gathered from nationally representative survey of “Family Well-Being Index” study conducted by National Population and Family Development Board Malaysia. Response from 2808 sampled households which involved about 1484 (52.8%) fathers and 1324 (47.2%) mothers of having a child aged at least 13 years old were utilized for the purpose of the current study. A Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) was employed by using Analysis of Moment Structure (AMOS) software. The study found all the modeled independent constructs tested had a significant and direct influence on family life satisfaction among the respondents except for parental involvement construct. The findings of the study suggests that some improvement should be made for the parental involvement constructs which covers different aspects of family life satisfaction which will lead the measurement model be more heterogeneous.
 
 
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2011 (1)




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The prevalence of work-family conflict among mothers in Peninsular Malaysia
Item Type: Article
Author: 
Mahpul, Irwan Nadzif and
Abdullah, Nor Azaian and
Author: 
Editor: 
Year:  00/11/2011
Abstract:  Achieving work-family balance is dependent on managing the conflict between work and family roles. This study focuses on the prevalence of work-family conflict among mothers in Peninsular Malaysia. The objective of this study is to examine the relationship between perceived work-family conflict and socio-demographic and family characteristics of the mothers. Data were obtained from 801 currently working mothers (with at least having one child) who were between 15 and 49 years old in Peninsular Malaysia interviewed in the Fourth Malaysian Population and Family Survey (MPFS-4), 2004. The result of this study showed that ethnicity, age and employment are the main factors contributing to the prevalence of work-family conflict. However, there is no significant relationship between the prevalence of conflict and the studied family characteristics, namely, number of children, childcare arrangement and presence of children aged 7 to 24 years.
 
 
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2004 (4)




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Socioeconomic status of older Malaysians: a gender comparison
Item Type: Article
Author: 
Tengku Abdul Hamid, Tengku Aizan and
Masud, Jariah and
Chai, Sen Tyng and
Author: 
Editor: 
Year:  00/01/2004
Abstract:  The feminization of old age is a global phenomenon that brings with it unique and multiple challenges. Cumulative effects of past (and present) gender inequality only further compound the difficulties older women face in later life.The objective of this paper is to provide a comparison of the socioeconomic status between older men and women. A survey of the older population living in the community was conducted from 22nd October till 8th December 1999.The sample was derived from stratified district (rural and urban) of 4 states (Johor, Perak, Kedah, Kelantan) where 1726 older persons were successfully interviewed. Out of that sample, 843 are women. Results from the study showed that there is significant difference between older men and women in terms of monthly income(t=-3.567,p<0.01). The primary source of sustenance for older women actually comes from their adults sons (M=168.3, SD=207.8)and daughters (M=133.4,SD=190.3). The value of monetary assistance from sons increases when the female elderly have more children (r=0.123,p<0.01). There is also significant relationship between gender and other socioeconomic indicators such as employment, past occupation, education, marital status and home ownership. In conclusion, women face a greater risk in the future of a greying population as they form the major stakeholders. Being financially beholden to their adult children, older Malaysian women's dependency is an important issue that requires attention. Further investigation is needed to determine if the gender differences will translate or relate to other variables such as health and overall well being.
 
 
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The effects of economic hardship on parenting behavior of Rungus in Sabah
Item Type: Article
Author: 
Ismail, Rosnah and
Baharudin, Rozumah and
Juhari, Rumaya and
Porodong, Paul and
Bahari, Ferlis and
Author: 
Editor: 
Year:  00/01/2004
Abstract:  Economic hardship has detrimental effect on parenting behavior. Parents with low and unstable incomes experience more emotional stress, more depressive symptoms and less involved in the children's lives (McLoyd,1990;Taylor et al, 1970). The main objective of this study is to investigate the relationship between economic hardship and parenting behavior of Rungus families in urban and rural areas in Sabah. The sample consists of 243 respondents, (115 husbands and 128 wives) with 111 respondents live in urban and 132 respondents live in rural areas. The instrument used for this study were the Economic Strain Questionnaire (ESQ) to measure economic hardship, and Parent,s report (PR) to measure parenting behavior. Analysis of data was done using t-test and Pearson correlation. The result of the study revealed that economic hardship was significantly correlated to parenting behavior. There are no relationship between financial hardship and parenting behavior. Implications of these findings and future research are discussed.
 
 
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Financial beliefs and behaviour of college students: cultural differences
Item Type: Article
Author: 
T.K, Hira and
Masud, Jariah and
Author: 
Editor: 
Year:  00/01/2004
Abstract:  This study compared the financial beliefs and behaviour of college students in two different cultures; Malaysia and United States. Using the social learning framework, the study assumed that children socialized in different culture will have different beliefs and behaviours. Two sets of data used were data from 665 college students Iowa State University (ISU)and convenience sampling of data from self administered questionnaires among 366 students of University Putra Malaysia (UPM). The result of the study revealed some similarity but many more differences. Cultural practices, economic and social environment influenced financial beliefs and behaviour of college students in both cultures. Service available and rules and regulations influence accessibility to services and choices available. ISU students was displaying favourable financial behaviour compared to UPM students. Students need to be aware and understand financial complexity to help them manage limited financial resources while studying as well as prepare them for work life.
 
 
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1990 (7)




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The detection of estrogen-dependent proteins in monkey oviductal fluid
Item Type: Article
Author: 
A., Paliwal and
V.P., Kamboj and
B., Malaviya and
Author: 
Editor: 
Year:  00/12/1990
Abstract:  To detect hormone induced changes in oviductal fluid protein pattern, flushings obtained from ovariectomized untreated and estradiol or estradiol plus progesterone treated monkeys were analysed by sodium dodecyl sulphate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. Superimposed densitometric scans of coomassie blue and periodic acid Schiff's (PAS) stained electrophoretic patterns revealed that estradiol treatment results in the appearance of a new protein (130 K) with maximum carbohydrate content as compared to other proteins present in the luminal milieu. The concentration of 85 and 95 K proteins also increase significantly after estradiol treatment. However, progesterone supplementation in estradiol primed monkeys results in the disappearance of 85 and 95 K proteins and decreased the 130 K glycoprotein considerably. Thus while estrogen acts as an inducer,progesterone antagonizes its action in monkey fallopian tubes and inhibits the synthesis of proteins which may have a role in early reproductive events.
 
 
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A role for cholesterol synthesized de novo by human umbilical cord
Item Type: Article
Author: 
A, Loganath and
R., Gunasegaram and
K.L., Peh and
P.C.T., Chew and
S.S., Ratnam and
Author: 
Editor: 
Year:  00/12/1990
Abstract:  We have previously shown that the human umbilical cord in-vitro possess the ability to synthesize isocaproic acid and presumbly pregnenolone from cholesterol. Here, we examined the ability of the cord to synthesize cholesterol from acetate. Homogenates of umbilical cord (36-41 weeks gestation)obtained following spontaneous vaginal delivery from uncomplicated pregnancies (age 22-31 years) were incubated with [2-14C] acetate. Using the reverse-isotope dilution procedure, cholesterol was isolated and characterized as [14C] cholesterol acetate. Confirmation of identity of newly synthesized cholesterol was obtained after recrystallisation with added non-radioactive cholesterol acetate as standard. The rate of 14C incorporation is small but definite. The results indicate that the homogenates of human term umbilical cord contain the enzymes responsible for the conversion of [2-14C] acetate to [14C] cholesterol. It is suggested that cholesterol synthesized de novo can serve as a percursor for progesterone synthesis in-vivo.
 
 
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Coagulation profile in women on low-dose oral contraceptive pills
Item Type: Article
Author: 
Ishak, Roshidah and
Hassan, Khalid and
Yusof, Baharum and
Author: 
Editor: 
Year:  00/12/1990
Abstract:  A cross-sectional study looking at the coagulation system was carried out involving 175 women attending the National Population and Family Development Board's Clinic at the Maternity Clinic, General Hospital, Kuala Lumpur. Study subjects comprise of 50 combined low-dose estrogen/progesterone oral contraceptive (OC) pill users and 75 non-OC users, acting as controls. The subjects were on the pill for a period of one year or more. There were significant shortening of the prothrombin time (PT) and partial thromboplastin time (PTT) in the OC group as compared to the control group. However, the activities of factors II, V and VII assayed were not significantly different between the two groups, suggesting that the changes in the PT and PTT were not significant clinically. The effect of long term usage of combined low-dose OC pills does not seem to indicate changes in the coagulation profile of the women in our study.
 
 
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Clinical evaluation of Buserelin, a GnRH analogue in the management of moderate to severe pelvic endometriosis
Item Type: Article
Author: 
M.T.M., Ismail and
H.A., Wadood and
M., Azhar and
Arshat, Hamid and
Author: 
Editor: 
Year:  00/12/1990
Abstract:  A local study, a part of a multinasional and multicenter study on the efficacy and safety of Buserelin was carried out for the treatment of pelvic endometriosis using a standard protocol. 20 women diagnosed to have moderate to severe endometriosis by laparoscopy were recruited. The women were given 900 micrograms Buserelin acetate daily by intranasal spray for a fixed period of 6 months. Baseline hormonal and biochemical parameters were taken prior to treatment and the parameters were repeated during each follow-up at weekly and monthly intervals. In addition, changes in symptoms were monitored. A second look laparoscopy was performed at completion of therapy and patients were followed up for a further 6 months. There was 100 percent suppression of oestradiol levels during the 6 months treatment period. An improvement of implants according to AFS classification occured in all patients. One patient discontinued because of side effects. Restoration of cycles after completion of therapy occured within 7 weeks. There were 7 pregnancies (64%) in the first 6 months after treatment for those wanting pregnancies. During therapy, dysmenorrhoea, pelvic pain and dyspareunia improved considerably. Buserelin was proven to be effective in the management of pelvic endometriosis and is well tolerated and safe.
 
 
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1987 (8)




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In vitro maturation of immature human oocytes in culture medium containing follicular fluid
Item Type: Article
Author: 
Ali, Jaffar and
A.J., Halim and
Arshat, Hamid and
Author: 
Editor: 
Year:  00/06/1987
Abstract:  In clinical IVF programs often immature oocytes are retrieved. Under such circumstances, numerous workers have advocated the procedure of pre-incubation in insemination medium for 12-36 hours, prior to insemination to induce maturation. We describe here the supplementation of follicular fluid in insemination medium to induce maturation of immature oocytes. The culture characteristics of the insemination medium containing follicular fluid appears to be better than the insemination medium without follicular fluid. Previous reports suggest the presence of a meiosis-inducing substance in follicular fluid which could trigger the resumption of meiosis and hence contribute to oocyte maturation. Other factors in follicular fluids which are yet to be elucidated, may also contribute to oocyte maturation. It is concluded that superior culture characteristics can be obtained if immature oocytes are preincubated for 16-36 hours in insemination medium containing 50% follicular fluid.
 
 
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Paramedic insertion of intrauterine device in a Malaysian family planning clinic
Item Type: Article
Author: 
Kwa, Siew Kim and
Arshat, Hamid and
AbdulJalil, Abdul Halim and
Ang, Eng Suan and
Suhaimi, Ayub and
Author: 
Editor: 
Year:  00/06/1987
Abstract:  A retrospective study was carried out in a Malaysian urban family planning clinic to evaluate the effectiveness of the paramedic in intrauterine contraceptive device (IUD)insertion. Seventy-nine multiload Cu 250 insertions by trained senior nurse in 1983 were measured against 369 insertions by doctors. Follow-up was done by nurses. At the cut-off date on 31st October 1985, the case records were examined. It was found that there was no statistically significant difference in termination percentage due to IUD complications. The nurse's group had a significantly higher percentage of failure to follow-up and also removal for personal reasons. No significant difference between the 2 groups was shown for termination due to accidental pregnancy, bleeding and pain, expulsion and pelvic infections. Removal of IUD to plan for pregnancy is high in both groups. The results show that the trained paramedic can be just as effective as doctors for IUD insertion.
 
 
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A prospective study of the acceptability of today vaginal contraceptive sponge among Malaysian women
Item Type: Article
Author: 
M.T.M., Ismail and
A.J., Halim and
Arshat, Hamid and
Author: 
Editor: 
Year:  00/06/1987
Abstract:  Fifty volunteers were selected in a two month prospective study to evaluate the acceptability of the Today vaginal sponge contraceptive among Malaysian women. One participant developed allergic reaction to the sponge and was taken off at an early stage of the study. Fourty- nine participants completed one month follow-up.Thirteen subjects discontinued for various reasons which are related and not related to the sponge. The remaining 36 participants completed the study. Few side effects were observed among the sponge users who completed the trial. One subject complained that the Loop of the sponge hurt her husband's penis. Most of the women who are on the sponges claimed that sexual intercourse is no longer messy. Four subjects claimed that the sponges pontentiated sexual feeling to their male partners. The sponge is generally accepted by the study group, which suggest that the general impression 'Asian Women abhor any form of vaginal contraception' is not totally correct. It is suggested that the contraceptive efficacy of the sponge be evaluated among our women in the future.
 
 
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1983 (7)