TOPICS
Results for Topics : "Adolescent"
2024 (2)
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SDGS and the impact of megatrends on Families: perspectives from Malaysia
Item Type: Conference or Workshop Item
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Year: 00/05/2024
Abstract: 57th Commissions on Population and Development (CPD57): Assessing the status of implementation of the Programmed of Action of the International Conference on Population and Development and its contribution to the follow-up and review of the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development during the decade of action and delivery for sustainable development. Strengthening Malaysian Families in era of megatrends, National Population and Family Development Board Malaysia (NPFBD) had LPPKN Family Centre, Nur Sejahtera Clinic Services, Population and Family Research, Training and education (family), Counseling service and program, online accessibility etc.
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Bridging Boundaries: Empowering SRHE Through KafeTEEN Peer Educators
Item Type: Conference or Workshop Item
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Year: 00/05/2024
Abstract: There is increase in sexual activity prevalence among youth and high risk practice among youth who engaged in sexual activity. SRHE knowledge is known to be one of protective factors in preventing youth from engaging in high risk sexual activity. KafeTEEN YOUTH Centre Program is one of NPFBD initiative to lead SRH education dissemination for youth in Malaysia.
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2023 (3)
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Unleashing teen pregnancy in Malaysia and the revolving health care issues
Item Type: Book Section
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Year: 00/12/2023
Abstract: Increasing teen pregnancy cases are becoming a serious public health concern in both developing and developed nations for past decades. Teenage pregnancy occurs among adolescent girls between 10 and 19 years old. A recent study reveals that 14 out of every 1,000 female teenagers in Malaysia become pregnant every year. Such prevalence suggests there is still a lack of general understanding of reproductive health matters among the teenagers. The issue of teen pregnancy requires considerable attention to prevent more social and health problems such as more unintended pregnancies, baby dumping and extensive spread of sexually transmitted diseases within society.
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Population Policy Brief: Youth Sexual Education and Reproductive Health
Item Type: Act & Policy
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Year: 00/06/2023
Abstract: Comprehensive sexuality education (CSE) is a proven and cost-effective intervention program meant to promote healthy sexual behaviours, prevent unintended pregnancies, sexually transmitted infections (STIs), and gender-based violence, and promote gender equality and human rights. Therefore Malaysian have to work together to foster universally accepted sex education within society by implementing a suitable tailored curriculum based on professionally-verified CSE.
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The 56th Session of The Commission On Population And Development, United Nations New York, 10-14 April 2023
Item Type: Country Statement
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Year: 11/04/2023
Abstract: Education is a longstanding right enshrined in human rights and developmental instruments, including in the Plan of Action of the International Conference on Population and Development (ICPD). The ICPD Plan of Action also recognizes the key role of education in sustainable development, as well as the responsibilities of different stakeholders, particularly parents, in this regard. Investments in education systems are of utmost importance for population growth, as it empowers people to lead better, healthier and sustainable lives. For Malaysia, the education system serves as a fundamental component in our quest to be a developed nation, and in achieving the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). Strengthening of human capital through education is a priority to Malaysia, with the Government providing free education to citizens up to secondary level.
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2022 (8)
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Prosiding Persidangan Kependudukan Kebangsaan 2022 (PERKKS 22): “Pemerkasaan Penduduk dan Keluarga, Teras Negara Maju”
Item Type: Book
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Year: 00/12/2022
Abstract: Collection of papers presented during the 2022 National Population Conference (PERKKS 22), 10-11 November 2022, Bangi Resort Hotel, Selangor.
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Dasar dan Pelan Tindakan Pendidikan Kesihatan Reproduktif dan Sosial Kebangsaan (PEKERTI) 2022-2025
Item Type: Act & Policy
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Year: 08/09/2022
Abstract: This new PEKERTI policy is applicable to every individual regardless of age and gender and takes into account ethnic, religious and cultural diversity. Focus will be given to producing a healthy population in terms of reproductive and sexual health based on high moral values and practicing responsible behavior and mutual respect for each other.
This PEKERTI policy has been streamlined to achieve 5 objectives which are to (i) increase the awareness of Malaysians regarding the importance of reproductive and social health education, (ii) develop evidence-based reproductive and social health education programs, (iii) develop human expertise and modernity in aspects reproductive and social health education, (iv) carry out research in aspects of reproductive and social health education and (v) ensure programs and services under this policy are continuously monitored and evaluated.
In order to achieve these 5 objectives that have been set, 5 Cores have been identified as policy implementation machinery namely (i) Advocacy, Promotion and Prevention, (ii) Comprehensive Reproductive and Social Health Education Covering All Age Levels, (iii) Human Capital and other Resources for Reproductive and Social Health education, (iv) Research and Development and (v) Monitoring and Evaluation.
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Mothers’ views and their expected roles on parent-adolescent communication on sexual and reproductive health
Item Type: Book Section
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Year: 00/00/2022
Abstract: As parents generally have more contact than other adults with their children, they are the most suitable people in imparting correct knowledge about sexual and reproductive health (SRH) to their adolescents. However, apart from getting information from parents, adolescents also learn from other parties such as the internet, teachers, or peers. Thus, this study aimed to explore mothers’ views on parent-adolescent communication on SRH and their expected roles in communicating about SRH.
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The association between knowledge on sexual and reproductive health and attitude towards pornography among youth in the technical and vocational training (TVET) centres in Malaysia
Item Type: Book Section
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Year: 00/00/2022
Abstract: With technology advancement and increase accessibilities to gadgets, pornography exposure has been seen rampant among youth. Multiple studies have proven the negative effects of pornography exposure especially pertaining to risky sexual behaviours. This study aims to determine differences of SRH knowledge and pornography attitudes among youth subsequently investigate association between level of SRH knowledge and pornography attitudes among youth in TVET Centres in Malaysia.
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Keperluan kaunseling penduduk muda: kajian di Kuala Terengganu
Item Type: Book Section
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Year: 00/00/2022
Abstract: The counseling needs of the 21st century are more challenging. There are various issues among the young population that drive the need for new counseling that is very different from the previous era. This clearly shows that the need for counseling also moves along with the era of the modernization of society. As the need for youth counseling evolves, this article will discuss the counseling needs of the young population.
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Reka bentuk aplikasi saringan mental sihat remaja
Item Type: Book Section
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Year: 00/00/2022
Abstract: Mental health is one of the most important aspects that must be met by every individual to achieve optimal health in addition to physical and social well-being. An increase in mental health-related problems can be seen every year and puts pressure on the daily life of patients among teenagers who are more susceptible to mental disorder factors due to the influence of the environment and current lifestyle, coupled with the situation of movement control orders (MCO) throughout Malaysia. However, many individuals do not undergo screening due to feeling of shame and are unware of their problems.
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Relationship between family functioning, resilience and psychological well-being among B40 youths in the Klang Valley district
Item Type: Book Section
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Year: 00/00/2022
Abstract: Global economic uncertainties in the COVID-19 era have had an adverse impact on many households across nations, including Malaysian households. In particular, the B40 households have seen an upsurge in the cost of living, which puts a strain on their purchasing power. The Malaysian government has implemented various initiatives to alleviate the financial burdens of the B40 groups, such as Bantuan Prihatin Malaysia. Yet, the psychological wellbeing of the B40 group’s families are not under care.
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Malaysian youths at risk: a review of mental health and maladaptive behaviors
Item Type: Book Section
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Year: 00/00/2022
Abstract: The contemporary world with its constant changes and challenges often poses great risks to the mental health of young people who are at the age of learning about themselves and the world they live in. Similarly, recent developments have indicated that Malaysian youths today are greatly affected by mental health issues and are easily driven by maladaptive behaviors.
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2021 (1)
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Source of sexual and reproductive health (SRH) information among youths in Malaysia
Item Type: Scientific Poster
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Year: 00/00/2021
Abstract: A majority of respondents agreed that they sought for information on puberty topics and pregnancy to the teachers and mother as compared with other sources. While, peers and media were the second and third sources on sexual topics after teachers. However, the main sources of information on contraception were teachers and media instead of mother and father or siblings.
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2020 (2)
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Executive Summary: youth intervention study: best practices of youth intervention programmes in Malaysia
Item Type: Research Report
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Year: 01/07/2020
Abstract: In the decades, Malaysia has undergone rapid economic, social and cultural changes which impacted not only the daily lives of its people but also their worldview and values. This is particularly so for young people, as excessive exposure to information from the social media, internet and pornography had inevitably influence their lifestyle and behaviour. The socio-cultural changes are likely associated with an increased rates of non-marital sexual activity, increased rates of sex partner change and increased rates of sexually transmitted infections (STIs). In 2005, the Ministry of Women, Family and Community Development through NPFDB introduced the PEKERTI Programme to be implemented at KafeTEEN adolescents centres. The programme provides reproductive health services, counseling services and education and skill building to promote a healthy life and inculcate positive attitudes and moral values among young people.
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The well-being of adolescents in divorced families
Item Type: Thesis
Editor:
Year: 00/00/2020
Abstract: This study aimed to explore an in-depth understanding on the wellness of teenagers in divorced families. This qualitative study used the phenomenological approach to explore the experience of ten teenagers living with single mothers after the divorce of their parents. Participants in this research are 10 teenagers age between 16 to 18 years’ old who lived with their mothers after their parents' divorce. The duration of their parents' divorce during the data collection was in the range of one to ten years. Data were collected using semi-structured interviews and document analysis by social media. Data were analysed using NVIVO12 software. Nine themes and 26 sub-themes emerged from this study. Three main themes and ten subthemes answered the first research question on, what is the meaning of wellness among teenagers in divorced families? Another three more theme and eight sub themes answered the second research question on, what are the perception of teenagers towards wellness in divorced families? The remaining three themes and eight sub themes answered the third research question on, how does divorce changes the wellness in teenager’s life? In conclusion, teenagers’ in this study accepted the changes that occurred as a result of parental divorce. The implications of this study is viewed from three aspects; 1) practical implications for professions such as counselors, 2) theoretical implications for future research, and 3) implications in the field of education for the wellness of the community. The information extracted from the findings of this study can help counselors to understand better on the actual living experience of teenagers in divorced families. The study also helps counsellors to understand how some teenagers manage to live a successful life and fulfilling all the wellness of life in spite of living in divorced families. As this study only focus on teenagers living with their mother after their parents’ divorce, it recommends future researchers to consider exploring areas of wellness among teenagers in joint custody parents or teenagers living with their single father after the parental divorce.
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2019 (2)
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Teen pregnancy and sex education
Item Type: Article
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Year: 00/00/2019
Abstract: Teenage pregnancy refers to any pregnancy in women or girls aged 19 years or younger. In 2016, the Ministry of Health recorded more than 12,000 teenage pregnancies in Malaysia. The National Registration Department reported that 4,992 children were born out of wedlock to girls aged 18 years and below. Teenage pregnancy is associated with immediate as well as long-term health risks. It is also accompanied by a number of negative consequences that are detrimental to the well-being of young mothers – disruption of education, limitation of opportunities for self-development and employment, social stigma and increased exposure to violence and exploitation. This article examines some circumstances resulting in teenage pregnancy and explores ways to support teenagers who face difficulties resulting from unintended pregnancy.
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2018 (4)
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Modul Cakna Diri Lelaki Pendidikan Kesihatan Reproduksi dan Seksual Untuk Remaja Lelaki Berumur 16-24 Tahun
Item Type: Module
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Year: 00/01/2018
Abstract: The Sexual and Reproductive Health Module for boys and young men age 16 to 24 years was developed to address sexual and reproductive health as well as social issues for boys and young men. It is also aim to create awareness on the importance of reproductive health and social education as well as gender equality for future well-being. This module is divided into two (2) main target groups i.e. general adolescents (Module A) and most-at-risk adolescents (Module B). The main components of Module A includes topics on adolescent growth, developmental, health, psychosocial - 3R (Respect, Relationship and Responsibility), laws and regulations, drugs and substance abuse. Module B covers topics on risky social behaviors, risky sexual behaviors and teen pregnancy. This module is developed as an interactive form using various learning methods such as role play, sketches, group work and discussions to attract participation of boys and young men.
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Pengukuran tahap kesejahteraan subjektif golongan remaja di Malaysia
Item Type: Conference or Workshop Item
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Year: 00/00/2018
Abstract: This presentation aims to measure the level of subjective well-being of adolescents in the country aged between 18 and 24 years old. A total of 2,597 respondents were analyzed using data from the Fifth Malaysian Population and Family Survey (MPFS-5). The article found that the level of subjective well-being is higher in female adolescents as compared to male adolescents, the level of well-being especially their standard of living, health and safety will be reduced in tandem with an increase in age.
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Parenting style and risk level of drug abuse among students in USIM
Item Type: Thesis
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Year: 00/00/2018
Abstract: Drug issue is a worldwide problem being faced by many countries and creates a complicated social problem including drug abuse among teenagers. This requires an aggressive corrective action by related agencies because it is getting rampant and has yet to be resolved. Nevertheless, society cannot always depend upon the related agencies to solve this problem. The family institution is believed to also have a role to prevent or reduce the drug abuse rate in teenagers. Looking on this aspect, the parenting style is important in shaping good character in behavior, interest, goals, and beliefs of the teenagers. A total of 121 Tamhidi students in USIM involved as respondents for the present study. Each respondent was given a questionnaire with 60 questions, represented by three sections which are - A: Demography; B: DAST-20; and C: Parenting Style. Results revealed that gender has a significant difference (p<0.05) on sociodemographic characteristic. However, no significant difference (p>0.05) were observed on the age, parent marital status, and family household. On the other part of the study, significant difference (p<0.05) was observed on the parenting style. Authoritarian style of parenting has recorded with a low-risk (46.3%) drug taking by the respondents followed by permissive parenting style (25.0%). The analysis also revealed that respondents with parent who are applying the authoritative parenting style had no-risk of possibility on taking drug (96.7%). In summary, socio-demographic attribute on gender and permissive parenting styles has been associated with high-risk drug abuse among respondents in the present study.
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Relationship between family functioning, parenting behaviour, self-efficacy, and gender on risky behaviour amongst adolescents in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
Item Type: Thesis
Editor:
Year: 00/00/2018
Abstract: Adolescence is the developmental period marked by a rise in risk-taking behaviours. The high rate of adolescents’ involvement in risky behaviours in the past decades has created a vast amount of attention on the impact to their future. In Malaysia, the impact of risky behaviour has been alarming as evidenced by the media reports on baby dumping, unwanted pregnancies, drug addiction and juvenile delinquency. The increasing trend of adolescents’ involvement in risky behaviour may be associated with social- and self-factors. The current study was conducted to investigate the relationship between family functioning, parenting behaviours, self-efficacy, and gender on risky behaviours amongst adolescents in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. This quantitative study utilised a descriptive and correlational research design. Data were collected using self-administered questionnaires. A total of 411 adolescents aged 15 to 18 years were recruited as respondents. Six instruments were used namely the Family Perception Scale, the Parental Monitoring Scale, the General SelfEfficacy Scale, the Adolescent Alcohol and Drug Involvement Scale, the Adolescent Sexual Activity Index, and the Self-Reported Delinquent-Problem Behaviour Frequency Scale to measure the respective variables. Descriptive, bivariate, and multivariate statistics were used in analyses to address the specific objectives of the study. The study found that 12.6% of adolescents reported engagement in substance use, 47.2% in risky sexual behaviour, and 52.1% in delinquency. The independent t-test analysis showed that the proportion of male adolescents who engaged in substance use was higher compared to female. There were no significant differences between male and female in risky sexual behaviour and delinquency. Findings of this study showed that self-efficacy only moderated the relationship between parental monitoring and substance use, whereby the effect is strongest among adolescents with low self-efficacy, and weakest among adolescents with high self-efficacy. This suggested that there is low risky for adolescents to involve in substance use if the adolescent has higher level of self-efficacy. Meanwhile, gender only moderated the relationship between parental monitoring and risky sexual behaviour, whereby the effect is stronger among male adolescents compared to female adolescents. This suggested that male adolescents tend to involve more with risky sexual behaviour compared to female adolescents. The present study conclude that family functioning (family cohesion, communication), parenting behaviour (parental monitoring and parental involvement), self-efficacy and gender influence risky behaviours (substance use, risky sexual behaviour and delinquency) amongst adolescents in Kuala Lumpur. The findings has implication for parents as well as individuals and professional working with adolescents. Parental monitoring was significantly correlated with substance use thus parents were suggested to provide appropriate monitoring to increase awareness that their involvement is crucial in reducing adolescents’ substance use. They also need to be equipped with appropriate skills to establish high quality relationship with their adolescent children. The finding also call for intervention to provide adolescents with necessary skills to help them avoid being involved in risky behaviour.
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2016 (7)
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Research on risk and protective factors affecting adolescents' sexual and reproductive health in Sabah & Sarawak 2015
Item Type: Research Report
Editor:
Year: 09/09/2016
Abstract: A quarter of the world population (1.8 billion) consists of people aged 10-24 years (UN DESA, 2009). Adolescents is a phase of life whereby they have opportunities for developing healthy behaviours, which can determine the future pattern of adulth health. However, for most adolescents, this is the phase of self-discovery whereby they undergo biological, psychological, social and economic changes in their life. Curiosity and experimentation are normal among them where certain behaviours would place adolescents at risk of undesired consequences of their activity.
There are various biological, social, educational and psychological risk factors that predispose adolescents to unhealthy and unsafe sexual phenomena such as premarital sex, having multiple sexual partners, unwanted pregnancy, early childbearing and illegal abortion. In terms of biological factors, early menarche, being male men and older age were found to be the significant risk factors. In addition, social factors including unemployment, peer influence (peer/ friends who have had sexual experience) and use of the substance such as alcohol, tend to increase the tendency of unsafe and unhealthy sexual practices (WHO, 2004). Besides, lack of sexual reproductive health information and skills in negotiating sexual relationship, inaccessibility of youth-friendly SRH services are other risk factors that had been identified (Low, 2006).
Although there is limited data on teenage pregnancy in Malaysia, the increasing reports on incidences of abandoned babies indicate that increased premarital sexual intercourse resulted in unwanted pregnancies among unmarried adolescents. From 2005 to March 2014, it was reported that there were 561 cases of baby dumping (RMP, 2014; Mansoor, 2014). the number of reports of abortion indicates that there is an increase in the number of extramarital sex among unmarried adolescents. Many 51 cases of infant abandonment were reported in 2005 to March 2014 (PDRM, 2014; Mansoor, 2014).
In 2012, a study was conducted to identify the risk and protective factors of adolescents in Peninsular Malaysia (NPFDB, 2015). There has been a dearth of studies on adolescents’ SRH in Sabah and Sarawak. Therefore, studies on SRH among this sub-population are warranted. Furthermore, there are differences in terms of demographic characteristics compared to Peninsular Malaysia. Based on these findings, more specific educational and intervention programmes tailored to the needs of the adolescents in Sabah and Sarawak need to be planned and implemented in order to prevent them from engaging in risky sexual behaviours. The objective of this study was to determine the risk and protective factors related to sexual and reproductive health (SRH) of adolescents in Sabah and Sarawak.
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Motherhood in childhood: teenage pregnancy & MOH initiatives
Item Type: Conference or Workshop Item
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Year: 00/00/2016
Abstract: Teenage pregnancy in Malaysia is the result of either early marriages, consensual sex or the tragedy of rape. Although the age specific rate is showing a decline from 32 per 1000 women aged 1-19 years in 1980 to about 14 in the year 2010, the Ministry of Health (MOH) continue to focus on adolescent health with great concerns. Incidence of teenage pregnancies continue to be reported and in 2015 the highest is still those reported in Sabah dan Sarawak. The MOH has taken several measures in creating awareness and providing the facilities to address teenage pregnancy issues. They are given guidance and counselling, early identifications and intervention to help reduce the risk of serious morbidities during pregnancy or childbirth. This presentation discusses about teenage pregnancy problem in Malaysia.
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Preventing teenage pregnancies
Item Type: Article
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Year: 00/00/2016
Abstract: An average of 18,000 teenagers in Malaysia get pregnant each year, 25% or about 4,500 cases involved out-of-wedlock pregnancy. Th e Fifth Malaysian Population and Family Survey conducted by NPFDB revealed that 4.8% of all teens have had sex at least once. The survey also found that Malaysian teens had inadequate understanding of matters related to sexuality/ reproductive health and limited knowledge when it came to sexual relationships. Afraid, alone and ill-informed, teens who get pregnant out of wedlock often opt for the easiest way out like dumping the baby or subjecting themselves to unsafe abortion. Social rejection from families and the community also rob the girls from the support and assistance they desperately need.
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2015 (5)
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Youth and sex information: who they refer to?
Item Type: Scientific Poster
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Year: 00/07/2015
Abstract: Youths who involved in sexual behaviors can result in unintended health outcomes and put them at risk for HIV infection, sexuality transmitted infections (STIs), unintended pregnancy and very early childbearing. Factors associated to sexual risk behavior among youth are lack of sexual and reproductive health information and skills in negotiating sexual relationships, inaccessibility of youth-friendly sexual and reproductive health services and peer pressure (Kaestle et Al., 2005). Hence, it is clearly stated that our youths need access to protective information and skills before they become sexually active (Bleakley et al., 2010) Previous research shows significant results on various source of sexual and reproductive health information among youth such as friends, teachers, parents, peers, religious members and media (Gombachika et al.,2013; Kamrani et al., 2011; Bleaky et al., 2009) therefore, there is a need to know and do more address what kind of sources utilized by young people in getting information on sexual and reproductive health, in Malaysia specifically. The purpose of this study was to identify the individuals source of information related to sexual and reproductive health among Malaysia youth, as well as to examine the association of these sources with social demographic information.
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Sosialisasi dan kawalan sosial dalam kehidupan remaja berisiko: kajian kes di projek Perumahan Rakyat (PPR) Sri Pahang, Bangsar dan Sri Pantai, Lembah Pantai, Kuala Lumpur
Item Type: Thesis
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Year: 00/00/2015
Abstract: This study focused on a group of adolescents categorized as adolescents at risk in the People's Housing Project (PPR) area in urban areas. Purpose of the study is to identify and understand the life patterns of at -risk adolescents includes their involvement in deviant behavior, the role of socialization agents and forms of social control in the lives of at -risk adolescents. This study uses design qualitative form using in -depth interview and observation methods did not participate. A total of 10 teenagers consisted of six boys and four women aged between 16 to 22 years from PPR Sri Pahang, Bangsar and PPR Sri Pantai, Lembah Pantai have been purposefully selected.
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Adolescent perception on family well-being: the effect of family economic status, family functioning, and community support
Item Type: Conference or Workshop Item
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Year: 00/00/2015
Abstract: The objective of this presentation is to examine the difference of family well-being across several demographic information and to examine the relations between the family well-being in adolescents perceived family economic status, quality of family functioning, and community and neighbourhood support.
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Parent's role in preventing teen pregnancy
Item Type: Article
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Year: 00/00/2015
Abstract: The World Health Organisation (WHO) defines teenage pregnancy as a ‘teenaged or underaged girl (within the ages of 15–19) becoming pregnant.’ However, the term teenage pregnancy is often used in our society to mean unmarried adolescent girls who become pregnant. In many cultures and communities including Malaysia, this carries a social stigma.
Pregnant teenagers also face many additional obstetric, medical & social issues compared to women who give birth in their 20’s and 30’s.
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Faktor risiko dan pelindung terhadap kesihatan seksual dan reproduktif remaja di Semenanjung Malaysia
Item Type: Research Report
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Year: 00/00/2015
Abstract: In Malaysia, statistics from the National Registration Department (NRD) show that a total of 214,033 illegitimate children were born from 2004 to 2009. While statistics from the Royal Malaysia Police (RMP) show that 596 cases of baby abandonment were reported from 2005 to 2013. For the total number of rape crimes in among teenagers under the age of 18, PDRM statistics show an increase from 1,710 cases in 2006 to 2,658 cases in 2013. The increase in such cases shows that today's teenagers face the problem of moral decay and fragility of identity which is a concern of Malaysian society. Accordingly, knowledge of sexual and reproductive health can help adolescents avoid negative symptoms such as cases of extramarital pregnancies and social symptoms related to sexuality. The objective of this study was to (i). to study the prevalence of unhealthy sexual behavior among adolescents aged 13-24 years in peninsular Malaysia; (ii). identify risk factors related to adolescent sexual and reproductive health (ASRH); and (iii). identify protective factors related to ASRH. This study was implemented using two (2) main approaches, namely quantitative and qualitative methods. The design of the quantitative study was successfully conducted on 5,088 adolescents aged 13 to 24 years. The qualitative study involved a total of eight (8) Focus Group Discussions (FGD) conducted in eight (8) selected detention centers and shelter hostels located in several states in Peninsular Malaysia.
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2014 (4)
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Risk and protective factors affecting youth sexual and reproductive health in Peninsular Malaysia
Item Type: Scientific Poster
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Year: 00/01/2014
Abstract: Over the last 10 years, youth sexual and reproductive health (SRH) had raised a lot of concern on the national agenda. This concern has been driven by increasing proportion of young people who had sex at early age, increasing prevalence of HIV/AIDS and STI particularly in Malaysia.
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An evaluation of eating behavior, psychosocial status and body mass index among Malaysian adolescents
Item Type: Conference or Workshop Item
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Year: 00/00/2014
Abstract: This study is an attempt to produce an abbreviated Malay version of Weight and Lifestyle Inventory (MWALI), as an evaluation tool to assess eating and related bio-psychosocial factors among adolescents attending kafe@TEEN, Kuala Lumpur. The MWALI was translated ‘forward–backward’ from English to Malay and then administered to 135 adolescents to assess the factor construct of the eating behaviour and its relationships with the demographic profile, dysphoria, global self-esteem and body mass index (BMI). The exploratory factor analysis of the eating behaviour yielded five factors are Negative Emotion, Poor Impulse Control, Social Cues, Snacking and Early Meals in relation to over-eating which were significantly and positively correlated with BMI. Eating in response to Social Cues was negatively correlated with self-esteem, overeating at Early Meals was positively correlated with dysphoria. Female has significantly higher mean score of eating in response to Negative Emotion and eating in response to Social Cues. MWALI is appropriate for assessing eating behaviour and associated bio-psychosocial factors among overweight and obese adolescents in the primary care setting in Malaysia.
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Kajian keseimbangan kerjaya dan keluarga
Item Type: Conference or Workshop Item
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Year: 00/00/2014
Abstract: The main objective of this study is to investigate the time arrangement between career and family among working peoples. This study leads to identifying the trend of work and family life balance in today’s families. As the result of this study, average time spent by respondent on working hour is 9 hours and 36 minutes per day, 48 hours 3 minutes per week. That duration is approach the result of the International Labor Organization ( ILO ) in 2000 which is Malaysia was ranked the longest spend time for working after South Korea. The findings also obtained the annual leave by respondent was high (26 days per year) compared to some other countries in the world . The duration of travels time to work is not much different in urban areas where respondents took 46 minutes commuting to work and the respondent metro-urban was takes about 55 minutes. This phenomena was influence the time management in their family life daily. The average time of sleep duration about 6 hours 41 minutes. Which is respondent went to sleep at 11:07 pm and wake up at 5:43 am by average. An important aspect of work-life balance is the amount of time a person spends at work. Overall in average in OECD Country, men spend more hours in paid work and the percentage of male employees working very long hours across OECD countries is 12%, compared with less than 5% for women. Finding a suitable balance between work and life balance is a challenge for all employee, especially working parents. The amount and quality of leisure time is important for people’s overall well-being, and can bring additional physical and mental health benefits. A full-time worker in the OECD works 1765 hours a year and devotes 62% of the day on average or close to 15 hours, to personal care (eating, sleeping and others) and leisure (socialising with friends and family, hobbies, games, computer and television use and others).
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Risk and protective factors affecting adolescent youth sexual and reproductive health in Peninsular Malaysia
Item Type: Conference or Workshop Item
Editor:
Year: 00/00/2014
Abstract: This study shows that over the last 10 years, youth sexual and reproductive health (SRH) had raised a lot of concern on the national agenda. According to the statistics, age at first sexual intercourse to be as early as 9-10 years for both male and female adolescents (The Youth Sexuality Survey, 1996). The proportion of HIV infection due to sexual transmission is increasing from 18.8 % in 2000 to 55.5 % in 2011. About 26 % of newly infected cases of heterosexual transmission in 2011 are among teens and youth aged between 13 to 29 years. This study is to determine the prevalence of SRH behaviours of adolescent/youth and to identify risk and protective factors that influence adolescent/youth sexual reproductive health in Peninsular Malaysia.
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2012 (3)
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Youth in Malaysia: the bare truth about teen and homosexual tendency
Item Type: Conference or Workshop Item
Editor:
Year: 01/07/2012
Abstract: Sexuality is a result of the interplay of biological, psychological, socio-economic, cultural, ethics and religious/spiritual factors. Youth sexuality, particularly homosexuality has always been a matter of concern to many parties. Furthermore, the issue of homosexuality has already caused much controversy in Malaysia recently. This study aims to explore the homosexual tendency among Malaysian youths. Methods a nationwide cross sectional study was done using secondary data from Adolescent Health Screening Forms (BSSK/R/1/2008). Data was obtained from randomly selected participants of a national youth programme aged between 18-25 years and was analyzed using SPSS. Results A total of 22,750 youth participated with almost equal ratio by sex. Mean age was 19.0 years old. This study revealed that the homosexual tendency was more common amongst male youths (4.1%), 21-24 years old (5.5%) and no formal education (6.1%). There is a relationship between homosexual tendency and sex, ethnicity and educational attainment. Homosexual tendency was found to be significantly associated with risky behavior, abuse, anti-social behavior, substance abuse and family connectedness. Multivariate analysis using logistic regression found that homosexual tendency was two times higher among abused youth followed by youth with anti-social (OR=1.9), risky behavior (OR=1.6), lack of family connectedness (OR=1.7), less religious (OR=1.4) while controlling for age, ethnicity and education level. Conclusion, the prevalence of homosexual tendency among youths in Malaysia is an alarming issue and many cases are still under-reported. Misunderstanding and a lack of information on sexual diversity have caused a concern for many, as there is a tendency for judgments, stereotypes, discrimination and prejudice towards homosexuality in society. Instead of treating it as a disease, ways and measures of educating youths need to be explored.
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The 45th session of the Commission on Population and Development at the general debate on national experience in population matters: adolescents and youth, New York, 24th April, 2012
Item Type: Country Statement
Editor:
Year: 00/04/2012
Abstract: The Government of Malaysia takes cognisance of the increasing importance of sexual and reproductive health needs of the adolescents and youths in Malaysia. Since Malaysia with its current population of 28.7 million has a relatively young population, where 27.6 percent of the nation's population is below 14 years and
another 20.2 percent between the ages of 15 to 24 years. With a large number of young people, efforts have to be made to harness this demographic dividend.
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National experience in population matters: adolescents and youth
Item Type: Newsletter
Editor:
Year: 00/00/2012
Abstract: Adequate and accurate sexual and reproductive health information helps young people to make informed and responsible decisions. Howewer, cultural and religious sensitivities within the communities remain one of the major challenges in implementing reproductive health education for young people. Parents are still uncomfortable talking about reproductive health matters with their children ,leaving their children dependent upon information from their peers or other sources like the internet. The Government of Malaysia takes cognisance of the increasing importance of the sexual and reproductive health needs of adolescents and youth in Malaysia. Hence, the Government of Malaysia has put in place various policies and programmes to handle the sexual and reproductive health needs of the adolescents and youths. One of the main initiatives is the Healthy Programme without AIDS for Youth (PROSTAR). The Government of Malaysia also has established six youth-friendly adolescent centres known as kafe@TEEN to increase access to reproductive health information and services for young people aged 13 to 24 years.
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2011 (1)
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Kajian Penilaian Modul Pendidikan Kesihatan Reproduktif dan Sosial (PKRS) dalam kalangan Pelatih PLKN
Item Type: Research Report
Editor:
Year: 00/00/2011
Abstract: Adolescents are the future leaders of the country and have a huge influence on the social, economic and political situation of the country. However, with the presence of various social problems that plague teenagers today, it is feared that it will affect their future which in turn is detrimental to the country. The Ministry of Women, Family and Community Development (MWFCD) has taken the initiative by developing the Reproductive and Social Health Education Policy and Action Plan (PKRS) which aims to produce individuals who are knowledgeable and have a positive attitude in the field of reproductive and social health. Under this PKRS program, the National Population and Family Development Board (NPFDB) is one (1) of the agencies that implement the program. In line with the implementation of this policy, the National Service Training Council has agreed with MWFCD's proposal for PKRS to be implemented in PLKN. Following that, NPFDB has implemented one (1) Pre and Post Test Study to trainees to assess the level of knowledge and perception on reproductive and social health before and after the teaching of this PKRS module is conducted. This study also aimed to examine the sexual and reproductive behaviors of trainees.
This study was conducted in 2011 in a cross section on PLKN Trainees aged 17 years and above in selected National Service Training Camps in Malaysia using independent random sampling. The total sample required was 1,038 people. The calculation of this sample size is based on an estimated 31,200 PLKN trainees who are required to attend training using Confidence Interval (95%), Margin of Error (1.5%) and Prevalence of Having Sex Out of Wedlock Among Adolescents (6.5%), (Naing L, 2006). Questionnaires were developed according to the needs and objectives of the study. One-third of the questions of this questionnaire were adapted from an international study, namely the Youth Risk Surveillance Survey, 2011 but adapted according to the objectives of the study and the culture of the community in Malaysia. The method of questionnaire administration was self administered. The scope of the questionnaire covers three (3) domains namely demographic information, knowledge and attitudes towards reproductive and social health as well as adolescent sexual behavior. A total of 1,300 pieces of assessment forms (pre and post -test) were distributed during the first teaching session of the module. Of that number, only 1,063 forms were received for analysis. After the initial analysis was conducted, it was found that there were some questions that were not fully answered by the respondents. Therefore, the data analysis will vary according to the number of participants who answered for each section. In total, a total of 1,063 respondents were successfully covered in 13 training camps nationwide.
The results of the descriptive analysis showed that the respondents consisted of 57.8% male adolescents and 42.2% female. The majority of respondents were aged between 17 to 19 years (95.6%) with a mean age of around 18 years. Based on the ethnic composition, 66.7% are Malays, 15.3% Chinese, 4.2% Indians and 13.8% are other ethnicities including Sabah and Sarawak Bumiputera. Most respondents have SPM education (95.6%) and are unmarried (99.6%).
The overall findings of the study can be summarized that the level of respondents' knowledge on reproductive and sexual health increased significantly (p <0.05) after undergoing the PKRS module with an increase in mean knowledge score of 7.04±2.2 (before undergoing the module) to 9.17±2.1. A total of 71.1% of respondents obtained a score of 9 out of 12 items (75.0%) and above after undergoing the module. There was a significant change in attitudes (p <0.05) on reproductive and social health after undergoing PKRS training. This indirectly shows that this PKRS module seeks to help respondents change their attitudes in a more positive direction.
A total of 10.4% of respondents admitted to having had sex. The mean age of having sex for the first time is about 15 years. 45.5 percent of them had sex with more than one partner. Only 2.1 percent admitted to being sexually attracted to the same sex with 18.2% of them admitting to having had same -sex sex.
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2010 (2)
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A Study on health status of youth in Malaysia
Item Type: Research Report
Editor:
Year: 00/00/2010
Abstract: This study analyzed health screening of 22,840 youths, who were distributed equally by ethnicity and camp sessions. Based on the analysis, 21.6% of youths were underweight, 18.1% pre-obese and 10.3% obese, with 0.3% perceived having body image disorders. With regards to sexual and reproductive health issues, 39.6% admitted viewing pornographic materials, 28.5% practiced masturbation, 6.5% engaged in premarital sexual relationships, 5.5% had multiple partners and 1.6% had been involved in homosexual relationships. History of abortion was discovered by 0.5% of the respondents. Almost a quarter of the youths were smokers, while 8.7% had consumed alcohol and 1.4% admitted taking drugs. The study also revealed that 6.2% of respondents reported to have past involvement in bully and 14.1% in fight. About 7.1% of the respondents revealed they had been physically abused while 1.2% of them had been sexually abused. Mental health problems were noted in 27.5% of the youths, with depression in 9.8% of the youths, anxiety in 20.7% and suicidal ideation in 11.8%. Psycho-social problems such as substance use, antisocial behavior, physical/sexual abuse and mental health problems among youth are interrelated with common risk and protective factors. Management of psycho-social problems in youths should be holistic; looking into risk and protective factors. Programs and interventions should focus on strengthening of protective factors among youth such as family connectedness and religiosity.
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Kajian Pendapat Remaja dan Isu Sosial : mencari penyelesaian
Item Type: Research Report
Editor:
Year: 00/00/2010
Abstract: Introduction of Reproductive and Social Health Education Policy and Action of Plan (PKRS) has been developed which aims to produce individuals who are knowledgeable and have a positive attitude in the field of reproductive and social health. Under the PKRS program, the National Population and Family Development Board (NPFDB) has been given the mandate as the main agency in implementing the program. One of the programs is the Life Skills Program for teenagers which uses two (2) modules, namely the Cakna Diri Module (I’m In Control) and the Kesejahteraan Hidup Module. The purpose of this module developed is to improve adolescents' skills in aspects of reproductive health in order to avoid high-risk behaviors that lead to several problems such as premarital pregnancies, sexually transmitted diseases and HIV. Therefore, an opinion poll was conducted to see the general view on social issues of adolescents, especially from the aspect of reproductive health and the implementation of the Life Skills Program for adolescents.
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2009 (3)
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Understanding coping and resilience of children and adolescents
Item Type: Conference or Workshop Item
Editor:
Year: 00/00/2009
Abstract: The objectives of this paper are to identify and define key concepts and models related to stress, coping, and resilience amongst children and adolescents and also to make us mindful to area wise gaps in our evidence based practice in this context. Amidst the growing evidence that depression and other mental health issues are surfacing amongst children and adolescents in several societies, the author focuses on the transactional nature of coping and resilience and how children and adolescents process a variety of stresses that they see in their day to day lives. Given that children and adolescents attempt to cope well in stressful situations being a fact, the author considers constructing and reviewing this stressful experiences in a person-environment transaction context to be a useful strategy. The paper presents this strategy.
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Achievement and challenges in managing female adolescents guidance Centre: experience share from Raudhatus Sakinah Kelantan
Item Type: Conference or Workshop Item
Editor:
Year: 00/00/2009
Abstract: Adolescents today are exposed to various social ills such that they are easily influenced by unhealthy activities, be it directly or indirectly. Many of them have become victims of abuse, maltreatment, neglect, undue psychological stress, rape, incest and others. Raudhatus Sakinah (RS) was thus establish as an institution that provides shelter and guidance to female adolescents who become victims of these social ills. RS strives to offer help to affected adolescents by increasing the level of their confidence and abilities so that they may develop into individuals that contribute positively to society and religion. RS has been in operation since August 1998 under the administration of Wanita Pertubuhan Jamaah Islah Malaysia (WJIM). RS is an established ongoing project to help curb social ills in the society, with special attention to helping adolescents. RS was officially registered under the Care Centre Act 1993 with the Department of Social Welfare. Later in 2004, RS Kelantan was set up in Kota Bharu. RS Kelantan shelters up to a maximum of 25 adolescents girls at any one time. They have to go through a year of rehabilitation program which focuses on spiritual and self development syllabus besides life skills and recreation activities. This paper will focus on the five year experiences, achievement and challenges faced by RS Kelantan in running the centre.
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The effect of negative and supportive behaviors of their parents and friends on substance abuse risk among Korean adolescents and implications for family resilience intervention: gender differences
Item Type: Conference or Workshop Item
Editor:
Year: 00/00/2009
Abstract: Substances use among adolescents is particularly because early initiation of substance not only leads to many detrimental impacts on their lives but also is predictive of both increased use and more serious patterns of use in their adulthood. Thus, it is important to identify potential substance users and factors related to substance use because these efforts may provide important information to help adolescents who are at high risk for substance use. Many studies documented that parental alcoholism and peer substance use are the most predictive risk factors for substance use among adolescents. On the other hand, there is ongoing debate among researchers on the influence of social support from family and friends on substance use by adolescents. Also, individual factors such as self-esteem, emotional coping, and academic performance have been shown to be associated with substance use among adolescents. Unlike western society, little is known about gender difference in the prevalence and correlates of substance use among adolescents in South Korea. Accordingly, this study aimed to identify the prevalence of substance abuse risk among South Korean adolescents and to examine the effects of negative and supportive of parents on their substance abuse risk by gender. The participants were 1,981 high school youths between the ages of 16 and 19 years (mean, 17.69) residing in Seoul city. Data collection was conducted conveniently choosing high schools in Seoul. Participants completed a self-report survey which included measures of substances abuse risk of adolescent and his or her best friend (using a POSIT scale), parental alcoholism (using the CAST), supportive behaviors from either parent or friend (using multidimensional scale of Perceived Social Support), Rosenberg's self-esteem scale, COPE scale developed by Carver et al. and gender, age, perceived economic status and academic performance.
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2006 (1)
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The development of antisocial behaviour in adolescence: child,family, peer and school influences
Item Type: Conference or Workshop Item
Editor:
Year: 00/00/2006
Abstract: This paper focuses on pathways to antisocial behaviour in adolescence, as well as resilience against antisocial behaviour, with particular attention being given to family influences on these pathways. Findings are presented from an ongoing, 23-year longitudinal study that has followed a large sample of Australian children from infancy to early adulthood thus far. Some of the important messages emerging from the three large reports completed between 2002 and 2005 are discussed, including: there is not one single pathway to antisocial behaviour, rather there are multiple pathways that can begin in childhood, adolescence, or early adulthood. Many children seem to embark on problematic pathways early in life, but there is considerable change at key transition points; the detection of sensitive periods of change can provide opportunities to intervene to help children move off problematic pathways; many at-risk children are resilient to the development of antisocial behaviour and we can learn from them what supports are needed; and finally, particular parenting styles can ameliorate or amplify the influence of child characteristics on antisocial behaviour.
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2000 (1)
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I'm in Control module (Teenagers)
Item Type: Module
Editor:
Year: 00/00/2000
Abstract: The main objective of the I'm in Control module is to empower teenagers with the appropriate knowledge, attitudes and skills to make informed choices about their sexual and reproductive health. This module is targeted at teenagers aged 13 - 17 years and focuses on building skills to prevent and reduce the risks to pregnancy, sexually transmitted infections and HIV/AIDS. Skills provided include identifying and avoiding high risk situations and using assertive techniques to avoid premarital sex.
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1996 (2)
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The National Study on reproductive health and sexuality of adolescents in Malaysia 1994/1995
Item Type: Research Report
Editor:
Year: 00/00/1996
Abstract: The National Study on Reproductive Health and Sexuality of Adolescents in Malaysia was initiated with the aim of formulating a National Programme on Reproductive Health for Adolescents. The specific objectives of the study are:
i. to establish the status of the knowledge, attitude
and practice of adolescents with regard to sexual
and reproductive health,
ii. to identify the constraints that adolescents face in
seeking information and service relating to sexual
and reproductive health,
iii. to obtain the participation of adolescents in the
design and implementation of programmes and
activities for their own welfare.
The single most expected outcome of the Study on Reproductive Health and Sexuality of Adolescents in Malaysia is a Cabinet memorandum which will propose appropriate policy and programme changes for the promotion and maintenance of optimal reproductive health among Malaysian adolescents geared towards the year 2020. This Memorandum will serve as a vital national reference and benchmark for evaluating future trends and patterns. It will be the basis for the reorientation of values, attitudes and approaches for the management of sexuality and reproductive health of adolescents in the country.
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Laporan kajian kekeluargaan dan pelajar sekolah menengah Semenanjung Malaysia 1994/95
Item Type: Research Report
Editor:
Year: 00/00/1996
Abstract: Disciplinary problems among the student are the hot issue that being discuss in our community nowadays. If this problem is not prevented immediately, misbehaviour or disciplinary cases will continue to increase and is about to expose students to more misbehaviour such as theft, blackmail, molesting, involved in triad ,drug addiction and so on. Many discussions about student discipline problems was held, either by the related agencies, associations, schools, parent or communities. According to the report of the Ministry of Education, several key factors are identified as the main cause of disciplinary problems such as school climate less attractive, psychological and familial factors. Detailed and comprehensive study should be conducted to identify family factors that may contribute to or cause students to behave as such. Consequently,a Family Studies and Student Discipline covering high school student and parent / guardian has been carried out in Peninsular Malaysia by the National Population and Family Development Board (NPFDB) in collaboration with the School Division, Ministry of Education and the State Education Departments
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1994 (1)
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Kajian kekeluargaan dan pelajar sekolah menengah Semenanjung Malaysia 1994/95: penemuan penting
Item Type: Research Report
Editor:
Year: 00/00/1994
Abstract: This report summarized the key findings from the report of Family and High School Students Study conducted by the National Population and Family Development Board (NPFDB) in collaboration with the Ministry of Education, Malaysia in 1994. The study covered a total of 1089 students from levels two to five selected from 91 secondary schools in Peninsular Malaysia. Among the 535 students who were selected from those having a record of misconduct while the other 554 did not have a record of misconduct. This study also includes parents of students selected to obtain status information that can be related to the behavior of the students surveyed.
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