Browse by Division/Agency
Results for Division/Agency : "LPPKN - National Population and Family Development Board, Malaysia: Human Reproductive Division"
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Kajian faktor-faktor penghalang wanita berkahwin menjalani ujian pap smear
Item Type: Research Report
Editor:
Year: 00/00/2010
Abstract: Cervical cancer is the second most dangerous threat to women that not only lead to a loss of pregnancy, but can even be life threatening. 12.9 percent of all cancer deaths among women are also due to this cancer. Unfortunately, 80% of women who are first diagnosed with cervical cancer are already at serious stage and cannot be treated properly even though cervical cancer screening programs such as Pap Smear have existed since 1943. Statistics released by the Ministry of Health Malaysia through the 2003 National Cancer Registry Report showed, even after the implementation of the Pap Smear program, the incidence rate of cervical cancer has increased where in 1990 the incidence rate was 13.3 per 100,000 women compared to 19.7 per 100,000 women in 2003. This illustrates that the Pap Smear program in Malaysia is not comprehensive and not practiced by those who need it which is women who have started sexual activity.
Therefore, the National Population and Family Development Board (LPPKN) has conducted a study in relation to cervical cancer screening or Pap Smear test. This study aimed to provide information on sociodemographic characteristics and reproductive history, women’s awareness on pap screening tests, women’s risk perceptions of cervical cancer, women’s attitudes towards the importance of Pap Smear testing and prevalence of Pap Smear screening test practice. This cross -sectional study was conducted in the Klang Valley, Melaka, Perak and Terengganu using purposive sampling. The total sample was 1000 people. The study population consisted of once married women aged between 20-65 years. This includes married women, widows and widowers. The conditions for rejecting the sample are ineligible women, such as unmarried women, non-Malaysian citizens and women who have had cervical cancer.
The collection of research data is through interviews based on the text of the questionnaire provided. Respondents will be interviewed by interviewers who have been trained to obtain accurate information. To achieve the objectives of the study, the analysis used is descriptive analysis, chi-square test and t test. Therefore, based on the analysis that has been conducted, the prevalence of female Pap Smear test is 55.2 percent. Respondents showed a positive attitude when asked about the importance of Pap Smear test compared to other examinations, many of whom thought that this test was very important (92.7 percent). Only 4.2 percent considered the Pap Smear test not important and there were a few who could not provide certainty about its importance (3.1 percent). Not many can measure the risk they are facing to get cervical cancer as 377 (41.5 percent) people are unaware of the cancer risk they are facing. However, there were a total of 276 (30.4 percent) women who were confident that they were not at risk at all. Only 7.7 percent received a high risk of this cancer, moderate risk (5.6 percent) and low risk (14.9 percent).
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A Study on health status of youth in Malaysia
Item Type: Research Report
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Year: 00/00/2010
Abstract: This study analyzed health screening of 22,840 youths, who were distributed equally by ethnicity and camp sessions. Based on the analysis, 21.6% of youths were underweight, 18.1% pre-obese and 10.3% obese, with 0.3% perceived having body image disorders. With regards to sexual and reproductive health issues, 39.6% admitted viewing pornographic materials, 28.5% practiced masturbation, 6.5% engaged in premarital sexual relationships, 5.5% had multiple partners and 1.6% had been involved in homosexual relationships. History of abortion was discovered by 0.5% of the respondents. Almost a quarter of the youths were smokers, while 8.7% had consumed alcohol and 1.4% admitted taking drugs. The study also revealed that 6.2% of respondents reported to have past involvement in bully and 14.1% in fight. About 7.1% of the respondents revealed they had been physically abused while 1.2% of them had been sexually abused. Mental health problems were noted in 27.5% of the youths, with depression in 9.8% of the youths, anxiety in 20.7% and suicidal ideation in 11.8%. Psycho-social problems such as substance use, antisocial behavior, physical/sexual abuse and mental health problems among youth are interrelated with common risk and protective factors. Management of psycho-social problems in youths should be holistic; looking into risk and protective factors. Programs and interventions should focus on strengthening of protective factors among youth such as family connectedness and religiosity.
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Kajian Pendapat Remaja dan Isu Sosial : mencari penyelesaian
Item Type: Research Report
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Year: 00/00/2010
Abstract: Introduction of Reproductive and Social Health Education Policy and Action of Plan (PKRS) has been developed which aims to produce individuals who are knowledgeable and have a positive attitude in the field of reproductive and social health. Under the PKRS program, the National Population and Family Development Board (NPFDB) has been given the mandate as the main agency in implementing the program. One of the programs is the Life Skills Program for teenagers which uses two (2) modules, namely the Cakna Diri Module (I’m In Control) and the Kesejahteraan Hidup Module. The purpose of this module developed is to improve adolescents' skills in aspects of reproductive health in order to avoid high-risk behaviors that lead to several problems such as premarital pregnancies, sexually transmitted diseases and HIV. Therefore, an opinion poll was conducted to see the general view on social issues of adolescents, especially from the aspect of reproductive health and the implementation of the Life Skills Program for adolescents.
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SMARTSTART module
Item Type: Module
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Year: 00/00/2006
Abstract: Couples planning to get married must be well prepared in order to create a harmonious marriage. Hence, the National Population and Family Development Board organises the SMARTSTART Premarital Programme for couples who are planning to get married and those who have recently married (not more than five years) in four languages, i.e. Malay, English, Mandarin and Tamil.
This module has been developed to provide newly married couples and those who are planning to get married with knowledge and skills on the various aspects of marriage and parenting so as to support them psychologically and prepare them for a harmonious marriage life.
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Tingkah laku seks di kalangan warga 45 tahun dan ke atas
Item Type: Research Report
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Year: 00/00/2006
Abstract: An opinion survey on 'Sexual Behavior Among Citizens 45 Years and Above' which was first conducted by the Human Reproduction Division (BRM) was conducted in the Klang Valley area from February to June 2003. The 'Convenience Sampling' sampling method was used where respondents who meet certain criteria fill in the questionnaire themselves. A total of 473 respondents consisting of 50.1% Malays, Indians (26.6%) and Chinese (23.3%) where men (53.5%) outnumber than women (46.5%). The majority of respondents comprised the age group of 50-59 years (41.25%). From the 220 female respondents, only 7.3% took hormone replacement therapy. The results of the study found that the importance and satisfaction of sex decreases with age where it is more pronounced among women than men. The frequency of sexual intercourse is performed in the range of 4-8 times a month (46.3%). Although only 16.7% of respondents had sex-related problems, 70.9% of them did not know the source of help and treatment for their problems. Among those who received treatment, 56.4% chose to seek modern treatment. 55.7% of respondents with sexual problems have at least one chronic disease. A total of 85.6% disagreed and looked for another partner as a way out of sex -related problems. Expectations for better sex in the future are still high at 69.1%. In conclusion, for middle-aged and above despite the declining importance of sexual intercourse, their right to access to knowledge and services related to sexual problems needs to be addressed immediately, especially by medical practitioners, especially the Human Reproduction Division and LPPKN in general. A systematic and ‘gender-sensitive’ approach can help overcome the problem of family institutional breakdown and problems related to incest.
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Family development module for Institutions of Higher Education
Item Type: Module
Editor:
Year: 01/12/2000
Abstract: The NPFDB has initiated a family development programme (MOPKITP) for students from Institutions of Higher Education. The Family Development Module will be offered through the co-curriculum programme. This Family Development Module Package is a combination of the NPFDB's existing modules, that is Permata Kasih, Youth Exploration, SMARTbelanja, SMARTSTART, Bahtera Kasih, Belaian Kasih, Mutiara Kasih and POP Community. The outcome of this collaborative effort with the Institutions of Higher Education will be a pool of student who are "trained facilitators". Hence the NPFDB will be able to use these students to further expand its family development programmes to the grassroots.
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KASIH Package module
Item Type: Module
Editor:
Year: 00/00/2000
Abstract: The KASIH package consists of five key modules based on the family life cycle which is Module On Preparation For Marriage - (Bahtera Kasih) - Focuses on enhancing knowledge and skills on marriage preparation and developing a strong foundation for marriages, Module On Fatherhood - (Pancaran Kasih) - Focuses on sharpening the parenting skills of fathers in shaping their children's development, Module On Parenting of Young Children - (Belaian Kasih) - Equips parents with techniques and skills for parenting their young children, Module On Parenting Adolescents - (Mutiara Kasih) - Assists parents to develop effective communication and relationship skills in guiding their adolescent children to be resilient in facing challenges and Module On Adolescent Development - (Permata Kasih) - Adolescent are guided to develop positive values such as being caring and sensitive, loving, responsible and having good personalities in line with the family, society and country's aspiration.
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I'm in Control module (Teenagers)
Item Type: Module
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Year: 00/00/2000
Abstract: The main objective of the I'm in Control module is to empower teenagers with the appropriate knowledge, attitudes and skills to make informed choices about their sexual and reproductive health. This module is targeted at teenagers aged 13 - 17 years and focuses on building skills to prevent and reduce the risks to pregnancy, sexually transmitted infections and HIV/AIDS. Skills provided include identifying and avoiding high risk situations and using assertive techniques to avoid premarital sex.
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I'm In Control module (Parent's Edition)
Item Type: Module
Editor:
Year: 00/00/2000
Abstract: The I'm In Control module (Parent's Edition) has been developed to complement the I'm In Control Module developed for teenagers. The module objectives are to enhance parent's knowledge on the physiological, biological, physical and social development of adolescents, to increase parenting knowledge and skills on adolescent sexual and reproductive health and to provide skills on enhancing parent-teen relationship.
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