Browse by Author
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Income security systems in the Republic of Korea? Directions for development
Item Type: Conference or Workshop Item
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Year: 00/00/2012
Abstract: The four goals of public pensions - extension of coverage, provision of adequate benefits, an equitable share of costs between generations, and financial stability - are all important. However, as these four goals conflict and influence one another, it is difficult to attain them simultaneously. Therefore, it is necessary to compromise these goals at a certain level. National Pension in Korea has been developed within an astonishingly short period. However, coverage is still unsatisfactory and long-term financial state is unstable. These two issues seem to be the most urgent reform priorities. The former may be the most important issue because National Pension exists for the income security of people. Meanwhile, adequacy of benefit was partly relaxed through two reforms. Though long-term financial stability and equity between generations have been improved through some sacrifice of benefit level, these issues are still regarded as unresolved and need additional measures in Korea, one of the most rapidly ageing countries. In this paper, we examine the four major goals of National Pension, namely coverage, adequacy of benefit, inter-generational equity, and long-term financial stability. The coverage of the scheme should be extended and the average contribution period should be increased. Coverage must increase 10% by 2030 in terms of the ratio of old age pensioners to total old age people aged 65 and over. The benefit level of the National Pension may be targeted to 30% of average earnings in real term as of 2030. Other sources of old-age income can be from working, private pensions, and savings. For more stable finance and better equity between generations, we review four financial goals.
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Indonesian labour migration to Sabah: causes and implications
Item Type: Conference or Workshop Item
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Year: 01/07/2011
Abstract: There is increasing interest among policymakers and researchers in the relationship between migration and development in low and middle income countries (United Nations, 2006). However, there remains a lack of empirical evidence on the impact of migration on economies of origin and destination, especially in Asia and Africa. This paper reports on one of the most substantial global migration corridors (World Bank, 2011) – that linking Indonesia and Malaysia. In 2009 it is estimated that migrants in Malaysia numbered 2 million, around a half of whom were Indonesians. It is based predominantly on a substantial survey of Indonesian labour migrants working in the East Malaysian state of Sabah undertaken in 2010. The paper begins with a brief discussion of contemporary thinking on the relationship between migration and development as a basis for examining the situation in Sabah. Some key features of the movement between Indonesia and Malaysia, especially that directed to Sabah, are then discussed. The economic contribution of Indonesian migrant workers is first examined in Sabah and then in the home areas of the Indonesian migrant workers. The paper then discusses the policy implications of these findings, especially in the Malaysian context.
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ICPD + 15 and MDGS: Malaysia's achievement and challenges
Item Type: Conference or Workshop Item
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Year: 00/00/2009
Abstract: Population and development are inextricably linked. The ICPD helped place population concerns at the heart of sustainable development. Meeting the needs of women and men rather than on achieving demographic targets. Interrelationships between population, sustained economic growth and sustainable development: Population factors incorporated into development planning. Poverty alleviation programmes since the 1st OPP. This slides presentation is talk about ICPD + 15 and MDGS: Malaysia’s achievement and challenges.
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International migration and development
Item Type: Newsletter
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Year: 00/07/2006
Abstract: The Government of Malaysia acknowledges the positive elements of international migration in economic development. International migration, inter-alia, helps to ensure labour market rigidity. At the same time, it must also be acknowledged that the impact of international migration, particularly low skilled foreign workers, on the receiving country's economy and society can be both positive and negative.
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Indicators on Family Well-Being
Item Type: Conference or Workshop Item
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Year: 00/00/2006
Abstract: With globalization, challenges facing the Filipino families have become more complex. Families try to cope with these challenges the best way they can, and, in the process, endangers the cohesiveness of families with children the hardest hit victims of such conditions. Governments try to provide programs and interventions to help families but oftentimes, these interventions are not sufficient since the problems are more deeply-rooted in the family system and is something that mere provision of services cannot simply address. And yet, the family remains to be an enduring institution in Philippine society. It is for these reasons that a study on possible indicators on the well-being of the Filipino family was conducted to track changes on family life over time. Family stability, parenting effectiveness, social responsibility, and rights perspective were the four major rights initially identified and discussed. This study is expected to lead towards the development of a score card for the Filipino Family Well-Being which can be done on a periodic basis.
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Interaction among family members: a Malaysian case study
Item Type: Conference or Workshop Item
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Year: 00/00/2006
Abstract: The perceived relationship among family members are 98.5% of women said that they have good family relationship while 99% of men said the same. Meanwhile, 99.3% of women who did not have financial difficulty stated that they have good family relationship compared to those who have financial difficulty represented by 98.3%.
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Implementation of the ICPD-PoA in Malaysia
Item Type: Research Report
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Year: 00/00/2004
Abstract: The International Conference on Population and Development (ICPD) held in Cairo in 1994 was regarded as a landmark in the population and development field. At this conference,179 countries,including Malaysia,adopted a 20-year Programme of Action(PoA).The ICPD-PoA calls for empowering of women and providing them with more choices through access to education and health services and promoting skill development and employment.The PoA includes goals in regard to education, especially for girls, and for further reduction of infant, child and maternal mortality levels. It also addresses issues relating population;the environment and consumption patterns; the family; internal and international migration; prevention and control of the HIV/AIDS pandemic; information,education and communication;and research and development.This report assesses the progress made by Malaysia in the implementation of ICPD-PoA and in meeting the Millennium Development goals (MDGs). It provides a situational analysis of the population,development,reproductive health and gender related issues, and discusses the various policies and programmes implemented to achieve the objectives of ICPD-PoA. It also emerging challenges and opportunities and put forth some recommended strategies to further strengthen ICPD-PoA implementation in Malaysia.
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I'm in Control module (Teenagers)
Item Type: Module
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Year: 00/00/2000
Abstract: The main objective of the I'm in Control module is to empower teenagers with the appropriate knowledge, attitudes and skills to make informed choices about their sexual and reproductive health. This module is targeted at teenagers aged 13 - 17 years and focuses on building skills to prevent and reduce the risks to pregnancy, sexually transmitted infections and HIV/AIDS. Skills provided include identifying and avoiding high risk situations and using assertive techniques to avoid premarital sex.
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I'm In Control module (Parent's Edition)
Item Type: Module
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Year: 00/00/2000
Abstract: The I'm In Control module (Parent's Edition) has been developed to complement the I'm In Control Module developed for teenagers. The module objectives are to enhance parent's knowledge on the physiological, biological, physical and social development of adolescents, to increase parenting knowledge and skills on adolescent sexual and reproductive health and to provide skills on enhancing parent-teen relationship.
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In vitro maturation of immature human oocytes in culture medium containing follicular fluid
Item Type: Article
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Year: 00/06/1987
Abstract: In clinical IVF programs often immature oocytes are retrieved. Under such circumstances, numerous workers have advocated the procedure of pre-incubation in insemination medium for 12-36 hours, prior to insemination to induce maturation. We describe here the supplementation of follicular fluid in insemination medium to induce maturation of immature oocytes. The culture characteristics of the insemination medium containing follicular fluid appears to be better than the insemination medium without follicular fluid. Previous reports suggest the presence of a meiosis-inducing substance in follicular fluid which could trigger the resumption of meiosis and hence contribute to oocyte maturation. Other factors in follicular fluids which are yet to be elucidated, may also contribute to oocyte maturation. It is concluded that superior culture characteristics can be obtained if immature oocytes are preincubated for 16-36 hours in insemination medium containing 50% follicular fluid.
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