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Results for Item type : "Article"
2023 (1)
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Active engagement and health status of older Malaysians evidence from a household survey
Item Type: Article
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Year: 17/03/2023
Abstract: Malaysia is undergoing rapid age structural shift to becoming an ageing nation by 2030 when 14% of its population will be aged 60 and over. Population ageing strains the healthcare system due to the rapid rise in non-communicable diseases and poses enormous challenges in providing social protection.
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2021 (28)
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Konseptual kualiti hidup dalam konteks golongan pesara di Malaysia
Item Type: Article
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Year: 00/12/2021
Abstract: Quality of life carries a more complex meaning in explaining the context of an individual's life status, whether they are satisfied and happy with their living conditions or not. The phenomenon of quality of life can be measured by looking at indicators in various aspects whether monetary or non-monetary. This study was conducted to examine what the meaning of quality of life is in the context of retirees in Malaysia. In addition, this study was also conducted to see what indicators affect the quality of life, especially for retirees in Malaysia. In order to achieve the objectives of this study, a qualitative method was used, particularly working on reading sources from previous studies. The sources were screened through Scopus access. The main findings of this study found that there are various indicators that affect the quality of life
retirees in Malaysia and can be divided into two categories, namely monetary which consists of economic indicators, and
residence. While non-monetary consists of indicators of social support, health and family life. Therefore, this study will analyze and conceptually describe the quality of life of the retirees in Malaysia in a more comprehensive way through research on national policies and policies, as well as see a brief comparison with other countries.
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Impak positif daripada pandemik covid-19 kepada institusi kekeluargaan
Item Type: Article
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Year: 00/12/2021
Abstract: The world was shocked by the presence of the Covid-19 pandemic which changed the norms of human life from the usual. This effect also
felt by every family institution which is the basic group in a community. The routine in family life that has become a habit had to be changed because of it. Previous studies have found that there are various negative or positive impacts from this epidemic. This article places special emphasis on the positive impact of the Covid-19 pandemic on family institutions. The study is exploratory because it is a new issue with limited resources. The study literature is based on references obtained from reading sources related to the Covid-19 pandemic and the concept of new norms for family institutions. In addition to that, independent observation and experience are also the results of the study. The focus of the positive impact of this pandemic on family institutions is seen from a spiritual perspective, habits and attitudes. The result of this writing found that there are several lessons referring to the positive impact useful to be used as a reference or guide in the future. The concept of understanding and returning to religious teachings is the key to getting a positive impact from any form of calamity or disaster.
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Pendekatan kaunseling disermen dalam menangani konflik perkahwinan era pendemik covid-19
Item Type: Article
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Year: 00/12/2021
Abstract: Marital conflict management in a quality manner is necessary considering the functionality of the husband and wife is the backbone
to marital bliss. In this paper, the use of the 'Pendekatan Kaunseling Disermen' introduced by William J. Doherty is proposed to be used during counseling sessions involving couples where one party tends to stay and the other tends to divorce, especially in the era of the COVID-19 pandemic.
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Communication activities between spouses during covid-19 pandemic
Item Type: Article
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Year: 00/12/2021
Abstract: Interpersonal communication is vital in every relationship. In this current situation of pandemic Covid 19, movement control orders (MCO) have been implemented by the government. Due to the MCO, people spend more time at home and the communication activities within the family might change as well. Thus, this research will conduct a qualitative method (in-depth interviews) to investigate the communication activities and the effects of those activities between spouses during the pandemic of Covid 19.
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Academic performance and gender stereotypes among KUPTM students
Item Type: Article
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Year: 00/12/2021
Abstract: This study was aimed to find the gender differences in stereotypes. This study also seeks to identify the relationship between different levels of academic performance and stereotypes. A quantitative method was applied in this study and data was collected through the distribution of questionnaires among 230 respondents from Kolej University Poly-Tech MARA Kuala Lumpur (KUPTM KL). The result shows that there is no significant relationship between stereotypes and gender.
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Impak covid-19 terhadap kelestarian sosioekonomi masyarakat pedalaman di Malaysia: kajian kes Daerah Segamat Johor
Item Type: Article
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Year: 00/12/2021
Abstract: The implementation of the Movement Control Order (MCO) by the government to control internal and cross-border movement of districts and/or states has been accepted and adapted to become the new norm in controlling the spread of infection, especially involving vulnerable community groups. But at the same time, this restriction of movement also disrupt various activities in the economic sector which is the heart of community life. Since there is a lack of specific research to find out the impact of Covid-19 on the socioeconomic sustainability and needs of the rural community, a case study and field survey was conducted invoving 20 respondents/household heads (KIR) in Felda Pemanis 1, Segamat district, Johor on 13-14 September 2021. The findings show the majority respondents are senior citizens who belong to a vulnerable and high-risk group.
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Penghayatan islam dan hubungannya terhadap pengabaian qawwamah dalam perkahwinan
Item Type: Article
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Year: 00/12/2021
Abstract: Qawwamah in marriage is an issue that is often raised when there is domestic conflict. Neglect of qawwamah by the husband will have very big implications for the wife. The emergence of domestic dysfunction is due to the problem of leadership that is not based on the appreciation of Islam. Harmony and happiness are difficult to form without the implementation of Islamic practices applied in household institutions. This study suggests that the appreciation of Islam be used as a model in fostering household leadership that is free from conflict in creating a harmonious and calm atmosphere.
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Program dan aktiviti warga emas satu kajian di pusat aktiviti warga emas (PAWE) Negeri Kedah
Item Type: Article
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Year: 00/12/2021
Abstract: For the State of Kedah, the aging status based on statistics up to now is 12.6% of the elderly population based on the total population in the State of Kedah of 2.2 million people. In accordance with the wishes of the Federal Government, it is necessary to establish every PAWE in every Parliament to draft and enable the elderly to always be active in the State of Kedah. In the State of Kedah there are 12 PAWEs representing 12 Parliamentary constituencies and this study will look at the involvement of the elderly in activities and programs that successfully attract their interests and tendencies. At the end of the study, the researcher will state the need for such a program as an example among the elderly and be used as a guide in the future.
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Knowledge, attitude and practice on female sexual dysfunction (mati putik) among women in Kuantan, Pahang
Item Type: Article
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Year: 00/12/2021
Abstract: Female sexual dysfunction or also known as ‘mati putik’ can be defined as women with lack of sexual desire, difficulty in arousal, inability to reach orgasm, pain during intercourse, failure to feel pleasure from sex or anxiety about sex performance. In Malaysia, infidelity or sexual relationship was in the top reasons of divorce cases. Hence, this study aimed to determine the level of knowledge, attitude and practice on female sexual dysfunction among female in Kuantan, Pahang. A total sample of 100 married women was randomly selected based on the classification in inclusive and exclusive criteria.
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Kanak-kanak, kemiskinan dan literasi digital: ke arah masa depan digital yang positif
Item Type: Article
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Year: 00/12/2021
Abstract: Children living in poverty are often denied the experience and ability to use digital media that is beneficial and valuable. Often these children do not have access to digital media and consequently they do not understand the potential of digital technologies. Children from low-income B40 families living in 'Pusat Perumahan Rakyat' (PPR) are a segment of society that may be affected. This study attempts to offer approaches that can help these children by accessing their level of digital media use and digital skills first. A telephone survey of 308 children living in PPR was conducted in March 2021. The study found that children have limited access to digital devices.
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Poverty in marginal communities: factors, cultures and counseling intervention strategies for the poor and homeless
Item Type: Article
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Year: 00/12/2021
Abstract: This article discusses the poverty faced by two marginal groups in Malaysia, namely the destitute and the homeless in Malaysia. This article covers the concept of poverty in Malaysia, the factors of poverty, the theory and culture of poverty, and the government's efforts in helping the marginalized. In addition, there is a discussion on the new classification of households issued by the Department of Statistics Malaysia in 2020. The government can more accurately identify the household income range to formulate and plan the assistance that needs to be channeled to specific groups in need.
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Cabaran penjaja kecil wanita dalam era pandemik covid- 19 di Perlis
Item Type: Article
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Year: 00/12/2021
Abstract: Conventional business norms are now drastically changing with the outbreak of the unprecedented covid-19 pandemic. Thus, this study examines the challenges of small hawkers in the era of the Covid-19 pandemic in Perlis. The study respondents consisted of 200 small women hawkers around small towns in Perlis.
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Memperkasakan keusahawan sosial produk menstruasi bagi membasmi kemiskinan haid
Item Type: Article
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Year: 00/12/2021
Abstract: The Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) set Goal-1 to end poverty in all its forms everywhere. However, menstrual poverty still happens to teenage girls and women from the past until now. It is not easy for them to get or buy menstrual products due to financial constraints. Based on a focus group discussion research session, the main objective of the study is to review the social entrepreneurship strategies carried out by three social entrepreneurship organizations – BunPad, KotMe and AntPower (pseudonym of the study) in dealing with the issue of menstrual poverty among underprivileged women.
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Pencetus utama konflik perkahwinan sepanjang fasa pertama perkahwinan dalam kalangan pasangan muda: kajian kes semasa Perintah Kawalan Pergerakan (PKP)
Item Type: Article
Editor:
Year: 00/12/2021
Abstract: The first phase of marriage is often associated with a crisis phase, an adjustment phase and a stress phase. The success of the young couple through this phase will guarantee the stability of the marriage and the survival of the family institution. Divorce is a major threat to young couples in the early phase of marriage. This study aims to identify triggers of marital conflict during the first phase of marriage (1-10 years) among young couples in the State of Selangor. The results of the analysis show that there are three 93) main triggers of marital conflict among young couples, namely financial crisis, communication problems and family interference.
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Development of a high-energy nutrient-dense meal as supplementary functional food for improving problem of stunted and under-nourished children
Item Type: Article
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Year: 00/12/2021
Abstract: Poverty, obesity and lifestyles are the most associated factors of vitamin D deficiency among urban-living children in Malaysia. Vitamin D is necessary for calcium absorption from food to ensure healthy bones and teeth. Vitamin D deficiency can cause soft and brittle bones disease known as rickets in children and osteomalacia in adults. Based on previous research, lack of nutritional knowledge among parents can contribute to nutrition deficiencies in children. To overcome this issue, nutritional education and awareness campaign among parents are needed. Besides campaign, the development of supplementary functional food which can provide crucial nutrients and energy that can assist in brain and body growth seems beneficial.
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Pemerkasaan wanita melalui program wanita Malaysia Revolusi Industri (IR4.0) bebas jenayah siber
Item Type: Article
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Year: 00/12/2021
Abstract: Sustainable national development needs to take into account the cyber well-being of the population, especially empowering women who are often the victims. Various cybercrime issues such as cyber harassment, cyberbullying, cyber stalking and criminal intimidation, under the scope of gender-based violence, online have largely involved women as primary victims. The gender power imbalance that exists in a society where usually, men are considered the dominant gender while women are considered the submissive gender. This has motivated the need to develop a form of training program that focuses on gender equality and women’s empowerment in cyber security. Therefore, this study aims to develop a cyber security training program called the Bengkel Wanita Malaysia Revolusi Industri (IR4.0) Bebas Jenayah Siber (Sibernita).
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Perceraian dalam kalangan wanita Melayu Terengganu
Item Type: Article
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Year: 00/12/2021
Abstract: This article analyzes the issue of divorce claims among Terengganu Malay women. Writing from a social history perspective, focusing on the period from 1963 to 1978 based on the written report of the Besut Kadhi Office obtained at the National Archives of Malaysia Terengganu Branch. The discussion of this article is divided into three parts. First, about background such as place of origin, age, length of time left, marital and family status and partner's occupation. Second, explain the factors that cause women to make complaints to religious parties that are related to the problem of neglecting alimony and responsibilities, polygamy and disappearing for a certain period of time. Third, removing the constraints faced such as hard-to-find couples who have migrated from their original area to a new place outside Terengganu or to another district in Terengganu as well as marriage with a partner from outside Terengganu. The findings of the study show that the Kadhi Besut Office plays an important role in solving problems related to the status of women who are suspended without strings. This study is expected to be able to fill the void in writing about Malaysian social history in general and gender studies in particular in the post-independence era.
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Regulating retirement village in Malaysia; the way forward
Item Type: Article
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Year: 00/12/2021
Abstract: As Malaysia is predicted to be an ageing nation by the year 2030, developing a retirement village shall be an avenue for senior citizens to have a welfare and conducive placement for them to spend their time with value-added amenities that cater their special needs. This paper discusses the overview concept and elements of retirement village sector in Malaysia and other jurisdictions, and the possibility of having a sustainable legal framework in regulating the sector. The legal issues and possible unintended consequences that may arise out of the development of retirement village in Malaysia is also discussed in this paper.
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Kemiskinan haid: krisis kesihatan awam yang perlu diakhiri
Item Type: Article
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Year: 00/12/2021
Abstract: Menstrual poverty is a situation when individual face difficulties in obtaining sanitary napkins (pads) or tampons due to financial constraints. It also refers to the lack or absence of sanitation facilities for managing menstruation such as no water supply or no proper waste disposal (sanitary pad) and no privacy to manage menstruation. In addition, lack of knowledge about menstruation and its management is another component of ‘menstrual poverty’. Awareness about ‘menstrual poverty’ needs to be created among the community and other stakeholders such as authorities associated with family and community institutions as well as volunteer organizations. Affected individuals also need to be empowered to speak out about the issues they face. With the pooling of resources and action from all stakeholders, this issue of ‘menstrual poverty’ can be addressed.
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Determining the prevalence of family planning (FP) utilisation and its associated factors among adults in Malaysia: an online survey
Item Type: Article
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Year: 00/12/2021
Abstract: Family Planning (FP) is one of the pillars of Safe Motherhood Program in reducing maternal mortality and morbidity. Despite positive evidence on the benefit of family planning, its utilisation among Malaysian population is still lower than expected. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of family planning utilisation and its associated factors among adults in Malaysia.
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Memperkasakan aspek penjagaan kanak-kanak melalui bantuan kewangan mampu meningkatkan penyertaan ibu bekerja dalam pasaran buruh
Item Type: Article
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Year: 00/12/2021
Abstract: Since the 2nd Malaysia Plan in fact, various efforts have been made by the government to empower the role of women in the labour market. One of that is employers are encouraged to provide childcare centers at work or in nearby areas to support the needs of married women with children. This is because, many studies state that many women quit their jobs when faced with difficulties of managing childcare in addition to the relatively increasing cost of childcare. Therefore, this quantitative study aims to examine the extent to which respondents are faced with the issue of access to childcare and the cost of childcare. The survey distributed online to 362 working mothers across Malaysia found that 55.8% still faced difficulties in finding childcare in their residential areas and 61.3% had problems finding childcare in their working area.
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Peranan dan tanggungjawab masyarakat terhadap rumah kebajikan kanak-kanak
Item Type: Article
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Year: 00/12/2021
Abstract: This article tries to discuss the role of society on the lives of children in welfare home and the sustainability of welfare homes. For this purpose, the researcher has made more than 70 visits to Children’s Welfare Homes (Residential – Private/NGO). It involves 35 institutions covering eight districts in Selangor. This discussion is based on data from questionnaires, interviews and observations during visits. Interviews involve the highest administrators of the institution while monitoring the institution’s environment is a direct response through volunteer activities at the institution. The proposals presented are limited to the role of educational institutions and state welfare agencies.
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Cabaran kesejahteraan suri rumah berpendidikan tinggi
Item Type: Article
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Year: 00/12/2021
Abstract: Highly educated women have crossed the mainstream by choosing housewife as a preferred career over a professional career. This step was taken as a solution to the problems of the household, a solution to the weakness of the childcare center and a preparation of children’s ability to meet the demands of a challenging world. This difficult decision was made as a struggle and investment of time to develop human capital as a national development asset. This conceptual paper uses library review techniques to understand and identify the challenges faced by highly educated housewives in developing well-being in life. Suggestions for developing the well-being of housewives are also discussed.
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Empowering single mothers through institutional support: lessons from single mothers in Sabah
Item Type: Article
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Year: 00/12/2021
Abstract: Life can be challenging for single mothers. They are viewed as the most vulnerable social groups in society who often lack educational attainment, skills and social networks; thus, limiting their opportunities to compete in the labour market. Consequently, single mothers struggle to achieve financial independence and to support the well-being of their family. To help single mothers build a better life, it is crucial to provide single mothers with solid institutional support programmes. This paper explores the extent to which the institutional support programmes designed for single mothers are in accordance with the needs and expectation of the single mothers in Sabah. The views obtained from the leaders of the single mother associations show that the support programmes are useful for single mothers; however, the programmes are still inadequate to lift them out of poverty. Suggestions for improvement of the institutional support programmes for single mothers are highlighted.
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Spirituality in parenting
Item Type: Article
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Year: 01/10/2021
Abstract: The emergence of COVID-19 since last year has cause an unprecendented health crisis across the globe, affecting people physically, mentally, financially and socially. To alleviate the difficulties and stresses in dealing with the pandemic and ensuing lockdowns, multiple approaches have been taken by the governments, institutions and individuals. Spirituality plays a major role in helping some families cope during this extraordinary period. It can serve as an empowering foundation to any collective, the family unit being the most basic example. Indeed, spirituality is an integral component in parenting that should not be overlooked even during normal times.
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Correlates and consequences of delayed marriage in Malaysia
Item Type: Article
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Year: 01/10/2021
Abstract: This paper aims to examine the correlates of age at first marriage and the consequences of late marriage. Data for this paper were drawn from the 2014 Malaysian Population and Family Survey. Simple cross- tabulation and multiple classification analysis were used for the analysis. Age at marriage of women varied across socioeconomic groups.
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Ordinal regression for modelling the family well- being among the Malaysians
Item Type: Article
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Year: 30/06/2021
Abstract: Understanding factors which affect the level of family well-being is important as it contributes to effective decision making among the policymakers to improve the family lives as well as to strengthen the family institution. This study develops an ordinal regression model which identifies demographic, economic and social factors that are significant in explaining the status of family well-being.
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Comparison of rural and urban contraceptive methods preferences among married women in Malaysia, 2018
Item Type: Article
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Year: 30/05/2021
Abstract: Contraceptive use among women remains an important public health intervention. Imperatively, the equality of family planning access between rural and urban areas allows all women to have the same opportunities to receive family planning service towards better well-being of families.
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2020 (2)
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Subjective well-being of the Malaysian citizen: preliminary development of survey instrument
Item Type: Article
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Year: 00/03/2020
Abstract: A questionnaire is a well-known measurement instrument used by most of the researchers when conducting a survey. It is a powerful tool for collecting data in survey research. It should be noted that the quality of a measurement instrument used plays a key role in ensuring the quality of data gained in the survey. Therefore, it has become essential for the researchers to carefully design their questionnaire so that the quality of the data obtained can be preserved. Then, it is also vital for the researchers to assess the quality of the data obtained before it can be successfully used for further analysis. This article discussed an early process involved in development of the survey instrument for the purpose of assessing subjective well-being of the Malaysian citizen. These include operationalization of definition, identification of the important dimension and indicators of subjective well-being, rating scale and content validity of the items with the experts.
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Household income and life satisfaction of single mothers in Malaysia
Item Type: Article
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Year: 00/01/2020
Abstract: Single parenting is not an uncommon family setting in Malaysia. Past studies, however, tend to confirm that increasing number of single mothers is also related to increasing number of households living in poverty. Issues on single mothers in Malaysia has initiated many social groups, non-governmental organizations and government agencies to step in eradicating poverty among the single mothers especially those fall in the B40 income groups. Until today, the current information available on single mothers in Malaysia is still limited. This study attempts to explore the socio – demographic and economic background of single mothers in Malaysia and to examine their income category and level of poverty. This study utilizes the Fifth Malaysian Population Survey (MPFS5) data. MPFS5 is a nationally representative large-scale research conducted by the National Population and Family Development (NPFDB) in 2014. However, for this study, the target respondents are working single mothers (either widowed, divorced, separated); aged 15 – 59 years old; residing in Peninsular Malaysia and have children staying together with them. Findings from this study reveal that household income of single mothers falls under the B40 category but there is not enough evidence to claim that their household income is below the poverty line. Chi – Square test of associations prove relationships between poverty level to socio – demographic variables such as level of education and residential states, while PLS – SEM techniques show that income category of single mothers is somehow related to the predictors of life satisfaction construct and the overall life satisfaction. Suggestions for some policy recommendations to protect and promote single mothers within the informal sectors is also presented.
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2019 (4)
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Women subjective well-being In Malaysia: findings from Fifth Malaysian Population and Family Survey (Mpfs-5)
Item Type: Article
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Year: 00/10/2019
Abstract: The subjective well-being is defined as one's cognitive and affective assessment of a person's life (Diener, Lucas & Oshi, 2002). This article aims to measure the subjective well-being of women between age 20 to 59 years old in Malaysia. For measurement purposes, this article has adopted the Personal Well-being Index (PWI) instrument developed by the International Wellbeing Group.
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Differentials in sexual and reproductive health knowledge among East Malaysian adolescents
Item Type: Article
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Year: 00/00/2019
Abstract: The aim of this study was to assess the knowledge of East Malaysian adolescents on sexual and reproductive health issues. Data were collected in March–July 2015 from 2858 adolescents aged 13–18 years from selected East Malaysian secondary schools using a self-administered questionnaire. Twelve items relating to sexual and reproductive health were used to measure respondents’ knowledge based on their responses ‘True’, ‘False’ or ‘Don’t know’, with the proportion of correct answers being the variable of interest. Cronbach’s alpha for the twelve items was 0.761 and the mean knowledge score was 6.8. While the majority of the respondents knew that a woman can get pregnant if she has sex with a man and that HIV and AIDS can be transmitted through sexual intercourse, knowledge about Malaysia’s abortion laws, that a woman can get pregnant if she has sex only once and that people with sexually transmitted infections may look healthy was poor. Older respondents and those from urban schools reported significantly higher knowledge than younger respondents and those from rural schools, respectively. More emphasis should be given in schools to the specific topics for which low levels of sexual and reproductive health knowledge were found, with greater attention being given to younger adolescents and those in rural areas.
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Teen pregnancy and sex education
Item Type: Article
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Year: 00/00/2019
Abstract: Teenage pregnancy refers to any pregnancy in women or girls aged 19 years or younger. In 2016, the Ministry of Health recorded more than 12,000 teenage pregnancies in Malaysia. The National Registration Department reported that 4,992 children were born out of wedlock to girls aged 18 years and below. Teenage pregnancy is associated with immediate as well as long-term health risks. It is also accompanied by a number of negative consequences that are detrimental to the well-being of young mothers – disruption of education, limitation of opportunities for self-development and employment, social stigma and increased exposure to violence and exploitation. This article examines some circumstances resulting in teenage pregnancy and explores ways to support teenagers who face difficulties resulting from unintended pregnancy.
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2018 (2)
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Development of Malaysian women fertility index
Item Type: Article
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Year: 00/11/2018
Abstract: A fertility rate is a measure of the average number of children a woman will have during her childbearing years. Malaysia is now facing a population crisis and the fertility rate continues to decline. This situation will have implications for the age structure of the population where percentages of senior citizens are higher than percentages of people aged below 5 years old. Malaysia is expected to reach aging population status by the year 2035. As the aging population has a very long average life expectancy, the government needs to spend a lot on medical costs for senior citizens and need to increase budgets for pensions. The government may be required to increase tax revenues to support the growing older population. The falling fertility rate requires proper control by relevant authorities, especially through planning and implementation of strategic and effective measures. Hence, this paper aims to develop a fertility index using correlation and Shannon's entropy method. The results show that Selangor, Johor, and Sarawak are among the states with the highest values of the fertility index. On the other end of the spectrum, Terengganu, W.P. Labuan, and Perlis are ranked in the last positions according to the fertility index. The information generated from the results in this study can be used as a primary source for the government to design appropriate policies to mitigate dwindling fertility rates among Malaysian women.
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Panduan keselamatan di dalam dan luar rumah
Item Type: Article
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Year: 00/11/2018
Abstract: These tips are taken from the “Pendidikan Keselamatan Keluarga dan Anak (PEKA)” module that was introduced by the National Population and Family Development Board (NPFDB) last year. It aims to provide knowledge and raise awareness about child safety issues as well as provide basic rescue skills including cybersecurity among parents, guardians and community.
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2017 (4)
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Ajar anak hargai ibu bapa
Item Type: Article
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Year: 00/07/2017
Abstract: Parents are the most important people in everyone's life. Their service to us is priceless. Ever since we were in the womb, the mother has carried us in her womb for 9 months and 10 days and it is the mother who gave birth to us. Not to be forgotten is also the role of the father who is the leader and takes care of us to the best of our ability. We can show love to our parents by respecting and obeying them. Our parents have instilled pure values in us and educated us since childhood to the best of our ability.
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The socioeconomic factors in constructing women fertility index: a Malaysian case study
Item Type: Article
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Year: 01/06/2017
Abstract: Women fertility is rated by the average number of children a woman will have during her childbearing years. Malaysia is now facing a population crisis and the fertility rate continues to decline. This situation will have implications for the age structure of the population. Malaysia is expected to reach aging population status by the year 2035. As the aging population has a very long average life expectancy, the government needs to spend a lot on medical costs for senior citizens and need to increase budgets for pensions. The government may be required to increase tax revenues to support the growing older population. The falling fertility rate requires proper control by relevant authorities, especially through planning and implementation of strategic and effective measures. Hence, this paper aims to develop a fertility index using correlation and Shannon's entropy method. There are two main results from this analysis which are the factor rank and fertility index for each state. The three most important factors that influence fertility in Malaysia based on correlation method listed the number of females living in urban areas, number of females employed, and family planning methods while Shannon's entropy method listed female tertiary education attainments, number of divorces, and family planning methods. Next, the fertility index show that Selangor, Johor, and Sarawak are among the states with the highest values. On the other end of the spectrum, Terengganu, W.P. Labuan, and Perlis are ranked in the last positions. As a summary, the weighted calculation based on the correlation and entropy give different results in terms of rank the factors influencing the fertility. However, the results of both methods show that Selangor has the highest fertility index. From this study, the government may design the appropriate policies to mitigate dwindling fertility rates among Malaysian women.
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Pedofilia: selamatkah anak-anak kita?
Item Type: Article
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Year: 00/05/2017
Abstract: Recently, we were shocked by a news that was very foreign to us. A British man has been convicted of molesting and sexually abusing children, including in Malaysia. The psychological disorder is called pedophilia, while the perpetrators of child sexual harassment are called pedophiles. A person who suffers from pedophilia, may also not be a pedophiles (for not committing any sexual behavior against children), but a pedophile turns out to be a person suffering from pedophilia.
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Stress buat lelaki jadi kurang subur?
Item Type: Article
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Year: 00/03/2017
Abstract: Fertility problems are now increasing from time to time around the world. According to the World Health Organization (WHO 2010), infertility can be rooted; 40% of male factors or and 40% of female factors and 20% are from unknown factors (idiopathy).
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2016 (10)
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Semarakkan cinta dengan bulan madu
Item Type: Article
Editor:
Year: 00/12/2016
Abstract: The option of having a second honeymoon at a late age of marriage may be something to consider. A second honeymoon is very important for every couple to improve the quality of family life. Couples can talk heart to heart a string of marital life journeys.
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Mainan mengikut usia anak
Item Type: Article
Editor:
Year: 00/11/2016
Abstract: The role of toys is only to help improve the development of the child and not to replace the importance of the role of parents in educating the child. For children, especially those who are still young (under the age of five), most of them still do not understand what is said to be dangerous because for them, all items can be used as toys. Among the tips that can be used to choose games that are safe, especially for babies and children are such as the weight of the toy purchased, not easily removable or broken, suitable for the child's age and others.
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Terapi minda: rangsang minda anak
Item Type: Article
Editor:
Year: 00/10/2016
Abstract: Mind therapy is one of the methods that can be used to plan and shape the child's mental intelligence. In general, mind therapy is the treatment of the mind in a rehabilitative manner without the use of medication or surgery. According to studies, the human mind is divided into two parts. The first part is located on the left side which is called the conscious mind while the right side is called the subconscious mind. The conscious mind functions to think of logical things such as reading, counting or in other words this mind functions throughout the time we are conscious. The subconscious mind's function is to receive whatever is heard, smelled and felt. It works non -stop whether we are asleep or awake.
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Memilih jantina bayi: bahagian 2
Item Type: Article
Editor:
Year: 00/08/2016
Abstract: From time immemorial, our ancestors practiced certain tips and diets to get the desired gender of the child. However, there is still no scientific explanation of the effectiveness and accuracy of the practice. Learn how to determine the sex of a baby from a scientific point of view.
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Fertiliti dan Konsepsi - Senario memilih jantina
Item Type: Article
Editor:
Year: 00/07/2016
Abstract: The tendency to choose the sex of a baby by a couple has occurred since time immemorial due to several factors including social, cultural, economic, belief, religious, and health factors. A study conducted by the United Nations Population Fund (UNPF) has outlined three main factors of child gender selection practices and gender imbalance for a society.
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10 saat pelukan keluarga
Item Type: Article
Editor:
Year: 00/07/2016
Abstract: “10 saat pelukan keluarga” is the best gift a child can give to their parents. This gift is more meaningful than money and diamond gold. When a person does a hug, it will stimulate the skin cells that are detected through touch and caress that will be channeled through the nerves to the brain. Next, the brain will release three hormones that act as "natural transmitters" that cause us to feel happier and less stressed. The three hormones are serotonin, dopamine and oxytocin.
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Panduan pemakanan bayi
Item Type: Article
Editor:
Year: 00/03/2016
Abstract: The nutrition of children is based on the same principles as nutrition for adults. Everyone no matter little or adult needs the same nutrients such as vitamins, minerals, fats, carbohydrates and proteins. However, infants and children need different amounts according to age. Infant nutrition is important to ensure that complete nutrients are given to infants for optimal mental and physical development.
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Memilih jantina bayi: bahagian 3
Item Type: Article
Editor:
Year: 00/00/2016
Abstract: The tendency to choose the sex of the baby by the couple on several factors has been discussed in the previous article (part 1 and part 2) while in this part 3 shares about other methods in science that are also said to be a factor to the determination of the sex of the baby. Among them are the "time" technique together (intercourse time), pre-implantation genetic diagnosis technique (PGD/PGS) to determine the quality of the embryo and the technique of 'prenatal sex identification' where through this technique, the sex of the baby in the womb is determined by taking blood samples from the mother and DNA tests were performed on the samples.
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Disconnect digitally, reconnect emotionally
Item Type: Article
Editor:
Year: 00/00/2016
Abstract: Without a doubt, digital is the future. However, we do need to know where to draw the line and prevent ourselves from overindulging in it. Failure to do so could lead to digital addiction. It is fairly common nowadays to see parents handing their smartphone or tablet to their child to keep them entertained.
However, this is where parents will need to exercise self discipline on their part to avoid the pitfalls. As parents, you should lead by example and serve as a role model for your child to emulate as he grows. As the saying goes “Too much of a good thing is a bad thing!”
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Preventing teenage pregnancies
Item Type: Article
Editor:
Year: 00/00/2016
Abstract: An average of 18,000 teenagers in Malaysia get pregnant each year, 25% or about 4,500 cases involved out-of-wedlock pregnancy. Th e Fifth Malaysian Population and Family Survey conducted by NPFDB revealed that 4.8% of all teens have had sex at least once. The survey also found that Malaysian teens had inadequate understanding of matters related to sexuality/ reproductive health and limited knowledge when it came to sexual relationships. Afraid, alone and ill-informed, teens who get pregnant out of wedlock often opt for the easiest way out like dumping the baby or subjecting themselves to unsafe abortion. Social rejection from families and the community also rob the girls from the support and assistance they desperately need.
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2015 (15)
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Tips beriadah bersama anak kecil
Item Type: Article
Editor:
Year: 00/12/2015
Abstract: Naturally little children have a wide variety. It can even dampen the atmosphere of a planned vacation. Some preparation tips can be practiced by parents before taking the child to go on vacation such as adequate and appropriate clothing, medicines, small bags, important documents, stroller and others.
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Lima teras keluarga bahagia
Item Type: Article
Editor:
Year: 16/11/2015
Abstract: Each of us has our own values to describe a happy family. Happiness in the family is very important and it is the goal of all of us to build family institutions. National Population and Family Development Board (NPFDB) has outlined five (5) Happy Family Thrusts based on the concept of KASIH, namely Love, Morality, Health, Knowledge and Harmony. Let there be different recipes and molds of pure values that are practiced in the family but the purpose is to create a happy family.
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Ikat anak: siksa atau keselamatan
Item Type: Article
Editor:
Year: 10/11/2015
Abstract: The average trend in Asia, especially in Malaysia, parents prefer to hold or support the baby on the grounds that it is easier to monitor, breastfeed and put them to sleep. Many parents seem to assume that sitting on their lap is enough to protect their baby from accidents and upset to see a toddler lying tied up in a car seat. Based on statistics, the use of child safety seats and travel systems is not taken seriously by most parents in Malaysia. According to a study conducted by MIROS, babies will be thrown forward at high speeds even if held by an adult during a vehicle collision even with only 30km per hour. Most will be killed as a direct result of the impact.
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Antara hak dan tanggungjawab membimbing anak bertanggungjawab
Item Type: Article
Editor:
Year: 00/10/2015
Abstract: Rights can be defined as belonging to each individual while responsibilities are something that must be exercised. Kids who like to take people’s stuff have impulsive traits. Impulsive means someone who has a strong urge to have something. When the desire peaked, he had to get it right away. Some tips are shared to parents when faced with this situation such as encouraging children to ask permission every time they want to borrow items that do not belong to them, explaining to children about the difference between borrowing and taking other people's items without permission and consistent and firm in correcting actions. misconduct of children.
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Bijak berbelanja, keluarga bahagia
Item Type: Article
Editor:
Year: 00/09/2015
Abstract: Building a family requires knowledge of proper financial management. Both before and after marriage, financial problems will always linger in our minds, especially when family members are increasing. Seven (7) quick guides on family financial management using SmartBelanja Module for mutual benefit i.e. intention to save, have fixed and additional income, distribution of income money immediately for certain payments, make savings, always discuss with family members to avoid wastage and always pray that sustenance is always a blessing.
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Aduh! Sakit kepalaku: membimbing anak bertanggungjawab
Item Type: Article
Editor:
Year: 00/08/2015
Abstract: Every child born into this world is a perfect and holy gift of God. Children are like white cloth and it is the parents who are responsible for shaping the life of their children. Every child born is in perfect condition and has great potential to be an excellent human being. Fatherhood and Motherhood The LPPKN Family@Work Module provides guidance to participants on the style of fatherhood, namely Authoritarian, Permissive, Neglect and Authoritative. The fact is, as a parent the goal is to raise children to be happy, healthy and successful.
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Yang mana satu pilihan: keluarga kecil atau besar
Item Type: Article
Editor:
Year: 10/07/2015
Abstract: In the current of modernization, many couples are planning to limit the number of their family members. Among the factors that push them to plan a family are getting married at a late age and the rising cost of living. The practice of family planning is very helpful in determining the birth distance between children and the size of the appropriate number of children for a family. This contraceptive practice can also prevent pregnancy in high-risk women, i.e. women with serious health problems or hereditary diseases.
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10 tips luangkan masa berkualiti bersama keluarga
Item Type: Article
Editor:
Year: 03/06/2015
Abstract: Quality time with family is when family members can spend time with mutual benefits. The time is filled with activities or interactions that can further strengthen the relationship between family members. This article shares about 10 tips to spend quality time with family such as, praying together, eating, tidying and cleaning the house together, studying children's lessons, shopping, doing leisure activities together, traveling, family reunions, doing hobbies together, and corner mini library.
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Toleh kiri dan toleh kanan
Item Type: Article
Editor:
Year: 00/06/2015
Abstract: The aspect of safety in the family needs to be educated and made a daily practice and needs to be educated with patience without despair. There are some simple tips to practice in family safety such as don’t stop praying, keep dangerous and important equipment in a special place, safe zone to explore and consensus brings blessings.
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Imbangi keluarga dan kerjaya
Item Type: Article
Editor:
Year: 00/05/2015
Abstract: Based on the Fourth Malaysian Population and Family Survey (MPFS-4), it was found that overall, mothers do more leisure activities with their children, especially children under seven years old. This study found that the percentage of parents who often spend special time with their children is higher among mothers (80.2%) than fathers (65.3%). However, the percentage of those who frequently took their children on outings was almost the same between mothers (52.2%) and fathers (52.4%).
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Apa wanita perlu tahu: subur@tidak subur?
Item Type: Article
Editor:
Year: 00/05/2015
Abstract: Fertility is the ability to conceive naturally. As a measure, fertility rate is the number of children born per individual, household or population. Fertility varies according to fertility, i.e. the potential to reproduce (which is influenced by gamete production, fertilization and the ability to conceive long enough). There are several types of ovulation disorders that are 35% of the cause of infertility in women, namely anovulation. Anovulation is a condition where no ovulation process occurs or the egg process is released from the ovaries, oligovulation is an irregular ovulation process that sometimes occurs, sometimes not and the anovulation cycle is a menstrual cycle in which no ovulation process occurs at the cycle.
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Selamatkah mainan anak anda?
Item Type: Article
Editor:
Year: 00/04/2015
Abstract: Children's toy can help the educational and developmental process of children at an early age. However, the selection of children's toys needs to be done wisely especially if it involves safety aspects. If parents do not carefully choose toys, it can invite danger to the safety of children. To ensure the safety of children and prevent accidents or unwanted incidents, some things that need to be considered include choosing toys according to the level of age suitability of children, toys not made of toxic materials, avoid toys that contain magnetic materials or batteries to little children and toys that have noise.
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Gaya hidup wanita dan faktor risiko kanser payudara: satu kajian literatur
Item Type: Article
Editor:
Year: 00/00/2015
Abstract: Breast cancer is currently the most common cancer in women worldwide. It is said that there is no proven method of preventing cancer. However, studies have shown that there are some women’s lifestyle factors that have been scientifically shown to increase the risk of breast cancer. A review of the literature from the epidemiological, medical, and psychosocial disciplines strives to analyse factors that tend to increase the risk of developing breast cancer. Published material reviewed concerning the connection between breast cancer risk and lifestyle factors such as diet and physical activity. This review shows that several women’s
lifestyle factors have been regularly considered as risk factors for developing breast cancer. They include women who have not had children or women who had their first child at an older age, short duration of brestfeeding or not breastfeed at all, diet and nutrition, and psychological stress.
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Household chores and your child
Item Type: Article
Editor:
Year: 00/00/2015
Abstract: Getting your child to help out with household chores on a regular basis can be beneficial for him to grow into a successful adult. This is due to a sense of self-worth and competency, and he will also be more responsible in other aspects of his life. Another benefit is that he will be more likely to have better self-esteem and it also makes him feel like a part of the family.Indirectly, this will teach him about the importance of family responsibility.
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Parent's role in preventing teen pregnancy
Item Type: Article
Editor:
Year: 00/00/2015
Abstract: The World Health Organisation (WHO) defines teenage pregnancy as a ‘teenaged or underaged girl (within the ages of 15–19) becoming pregnant.’ However, the term teenage pregnancy is often used in our society to mean unmarried adolescent girls who become pregnant. In many cultures and communities including Malaysia, this carries a social stigma.
Pregnant teenagers also face many additional obstetric, medical & social issues compared to women who give birth in their 20’s and 30’s.
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2014 (6)
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Sharing responsibilities
Item Type: Article
Editor:
Year: 00/00/2014
Abstract: Traditionally, women have assumed the role of the caregiver, while husbands sought to provide financial support for their families. Society has come a long way since and women are now leaders and working professionals in their own right.
Increasingly, the domain of marriage is becoming a partnership between husband and wife. Household responsibilities and domestic affairs are no longer a one-way street, but are managed together and shared.
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Defining child abuse and neglect
Item Type: Article
Editor:
Year: 00/00/2014
Abstract: Abuse and neglect are terms that are often used interchangeably. However, these terms represent two different types of abuse- abuse occurs when a person acts against a child (e.g. physical abuse) while neglect occurs when a person fails to act for a child (e.g. leaving a child at home without care.
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Outsourced parenting
Item Type: Article
Editor:
Year: 00/00/2014
Abstract: Housemaids have become an integral part of family life in Malaysia, some may say it’s a necessity – they provide much needed support to parents who often don’t have extended family around to assist with childcare or dual career parents who are often left with little choice and require help as well as support to carry out their family responsibilities.
It’s fair to say that commitment and devotion towards a successful career and rearing a child requires both sacrifice and no small amount of resolve and effort for either to work out in tandem. These and other factors prompt most parents to employ a housemaid, helper or caregiver to assist them in carrying out their roles and responsibilities. The notion being that maids would provide assistance to much needed help around the house and allow parents more freedom and time to spend with their children.
From things like potty training, to swimming and riding a bicycle, from learning not to bully other kids to learning from mistakes and forgiving other people for them. All these are lessons that can be outsourced to maids, helpers or even professionals. But just because it can, doesn’t mean that it should.
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Hassle free travel with your kids
Item Type: Article
Editor:
Year: 00/00/2014
Abstract: Pick a destination with something for everyone to enjoy. A tour may seem like an easy way to see everything, but take it easy and don’t pack your tour schedule with too many activities especially if you have babies and toddlers with you. The key is to remain flexible.
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Bringing up mentally challenged children
Item Type: Article
Editor:
Year: 00/00/2014
Abstract: Children who are mentally challenged are often referred to as being intellectually disabled. It is characterized by below-average intelligence or mental ability (i.e. learning, reasoning, problem solving, etc.) and a lack of adaptive behaviour required for day-to-day living (i.e. interpersonal skills, self-esteem, ability to follow rules/obey laws).
Numerous factors can facilitate its onset, but more noticeably; genetic predisposition (i.e. Down Syndrome), complications during pregnancy or childbirth (substance abuse), injury (i.e. near drowning), trauma (i.e. severe parental neglect) or an infection (i.e. meningitis).
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2013 (3)
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Ethnicity and support for parents in Malaysia
Item Type: Article
Editor:
Year: 00/12/2013
Abstract: This study analyzed support as reported by adult women to parents and parents-in-law in a multi-ethnic setting. It examined ethnic diversity and other influencing factors in the provision of support. Data utilized came from the Women sample of the 2004 Malaysian Population and Family Survey and was filtered to include the three largest ethnic groups in Malaysia- Malays, Chinesse and Indians.
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Socio-economic determinants of pap smear screening among married women in Peninsular Malaysia
Item Type: Article
Editor:
Year: 00/02/2013
Abstract: This study is to identify the influences of socio-economic factors towards the practice of Pap smear screening among ever married women. Bivariate correlations and logistic regression analysis was applied to the data set containing 3,283 ever married women age 15-49 years, interviewed during the Fourth Malaysian Population and Family Survey, 2004. It was found that only half the women had undergone Pap smear screening prior three years of survey, in which Chinese had the highest percentage of Pap smear screening. The logistic statistical analysis also had identified several variables has important determinant has of Pap smear screening for ever married women. Finding from this study suggest a significant relationship between the cervical cancer awareness and knowledge, age and ethnicity for those women who practice Pap smear screening.
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Factors influencing family life satisfaction among parents in Malaysia: the structural equation modeling approach (SEM))
Item Type: Article
Editor:
Year: 00/00/2013
Abstract: The study attempts to investigate the factors that influence family life satisfaction (FLS) among parents in Malaysia. The study modeled the variable of parental involvement, family functioning, family resilience and time with family as independent constructs. Data for the study was gathered from nationally representative survey of “Family Well-Being Index” study conducted by National Population and Family Development Board Malaysia. Response from 2808 sampled households which involved about 1484 (52.8%) fathers and 1324 (47.2%) mothers of having a child aged at least 13 years old were utilized for the purpose of the current study. A Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) was employed by using Analysis of Moment Structure (AMOS) software. The study found all the modeled independent constructs tested had a significant and direct influence on family life satisfaction among the respondents except for parental involvement construct. The findings of the study suggests that some improvement should be made for the parental involvement constructs which covers different aspects of family life satisfaction which will lead the measurement model be more heterogeneous.
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2011 (1)
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The prevalence of work-family conflict among mothers in Peninsular Malaysia
Item Type: Article
Editor:
Year: 00/11/2011
Abstract: Achieving work-family balance is dependent on managing the conflict between work and family roles. This study focuses on the prevalence of work-family conflict among mothers in Peninsular Malaysia. The objective of this study is to examine the relationship between perceived work-family conflict and socio-demographic and family characteristics of the mothers. Data were obtained from 801 currently working mothers (with at least having one child) who were between 15 and 49 years old in Peninsular Malaysia interviewed in the Fourth Malaysian Population and Family Survey (MPFS-4), 2004. The result of this study showed that ethnicity, age and employment are the main factors contributing to the prevalence of work-family conflict. However, there is no significant relationship between the prevalence of conflict and the studied family characteristics, namely, number of children, childcare arrangement and presence of children aged 7 to 24 years.
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2004 (4)
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Socioeconomic status of older Malaysians: a gender comparison
Item Type: Article
Editor:
Year: 00/01/2004
Abstract: The feminization of old age is a global phenomenon that brings with it unique and multiple challenges. Cumulative effects of past (and present) gender inequality only further compound the difficulties older women face in later life.The objective of this paper is to provide a comparison of the socioeconomic status between older men and women. A survey of the older population living in the community was conducted from 22nd October till 8th December 1999.The sample was derived from stratified district (rural and urban) of 4 states (Johor, Perak, Kedah, Kelantan) where 1726 older persons were successfully interviewed. Out of that sample, 843 are women. Results from the study showed that there is significant difference between older men and women in terms of monthly income(t=-3.567,p<0.01). The primary source of sustenance for older women actually comes from their adults sons (M=168.3, SD=207.8)and daughters (M=133.4,SD=190.3). The value of monetary assistance from sons increases when the female elderly have more children (r=0.123,p<0.01). There is also significant relationship between gender and other socioeconomic indicators such as employment, past occupation, education, marital status and home ownership. In conclusion, women face a greater risk in the future of a greying population as they form the major stakeholders. Being financially beholden to their adult children, older Malaysian women's dependency is an important issue that requires attention. Further investigation is needed to determine if the gender differences will translate or relate to other variables such as health and overall well being.
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The effects of economic hardship on parenting behavior of Rungus in Sabah
Item Type: Article
Editor:
Year: 00/01/2004
Abstract: Economic hardship has detrimental effect on parenting behavior. Parents with low and unstable incomes experience more emotional stress, more depressive symptoms and less involved in the children's lives (McLoyd,1990;Taylor et al, 1970). The main objective of this study is to investigate the relationship between economic hardship and parenting behavior of Rungus families in urban and rural areas in Sabah. The sample consists of 243 respondents, (115 husbands and 128 wives) with 111 respondents live in urban and 132 respondents live in rural areas. The instrument used for this study were the Economic Strain Questionnaire (ESQ) to measure economic hardship, and Parent,s report (PR) to measure parenting behavior. Analysis of data was done using t-test and Pearson correlation. The result of the study revealed that economic hardship was significantly correlated to parenting behavior. There are no relationship between financial hardship and parenting behavior. Implications of these findings and future research are discussed.
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Financial problems of university students and its relationship with academic performance
Item Type: Article
Editor:
Year: 00/01/2004
Abstract: This study that has been done in University Putra of Malaysia was to identify the relationship between financial problems and academic performance and to determine the difference in financial problems between male and female students. A total of 1,500 students who received educational loan were chosen through systematic sampling and given a self-administered questionnaire. The findings of the study revealed that financial problems were related to academic performance where the better the result, the less average number of financial problems were faced by the students. Meanwhile male students on the average have higher number of financial problems compared to female students.
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Financial beliefs and behaviour of college students: cultural differences
Item Type: Article
Editor:
Year: 00/01/2004
Abstract: This study compared the financial beliefs and behaviour of college students in two different cultures; Malaysia and United States. Using the social learning framework, the study assumed that children socialized in different culture will have different beliefs and behaviours. Two sets of data used were data from 665 college students Iowa State University (ISU)and convenience sampling of data from self administered questionnaires among 366 students of University Putra Malaysia (UPM). The result of the study revealed some similarity but many more differences. Cultural practices, economic and social environment influenced financial beliefs and behaviour of college students in both cultures. Service available and rules and regulations influence accessibility to services and choices available. ISU students was displaying favourable financial behaviour compared to UPM students. Students need to be aware and understand financial complexity to help them manage limited financial resources while studying as well as prepare them for work life.
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1990 (7)
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The detection of estrogen-dependent proteins in monkey oviductal fluid
Item Type: Article
Editor:
Year: 00/12/1990
Abstract: To detect hormone induced changes in oviductal fluid protein pattern, flushings obtained from ovariectomized untreated and estradiol or estradiol plus progesterone treated monkeys were analysed by sodium dodecyl sulphate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. Superimposed densitometric scans of coomassie blue and periodic acid Schiff's (PAS) stained electrophoretic patterns revealed that estradiol treatment results in the appearance of a new protein (130 K) with maximum carbohydrate content as compared to other proteins present in the luminal milieu. The concentration of 85 and 95 K proteins also increase significantly after estradiol treatment. However, progesterone supplementation in estradiol primed monkeys results in the disappearance of 85 and 95 K proteins and decreased the 130 K glycoprotein considerably. Thus while estrogen acts as an inducer,progesterone antagonizes its action in monkey fallopian tubes and inhibits the synthesis of proteins which may have a role in early reproductive events.
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A role for cholesterol synthesized de novo by human umbilical cord
Item Type: Article
Editor:
Year: 00/12/1990
Abstract: We have previously shown that the human umbilical cord in-vitro possess the ability to synthesize isocaproic acid and presumbly pregnenolone from cholesterol. Here, we examined the ability of the cord to synthesize cholesterol from acetate. Homogenates of umbilical cord (36-41 weeks gestation)obtained following spontaneous vaginal delivery from uncomplicated pregnancies (age 22-31 years) were incubated with [2-14C] acetate. Using the reverse-isotope dilution procedure, cholesterol was isolated and characterized as [14C] cholesterol acetate. Confirmation of identity of newly synthesized cholesterol was obtained after recrystallisation with added non-radioactive cholesterol acetate as standard. The rate of 14C incorporation is small but definite. The results indicate that the homogenates of human term umbilical cord contain the enzymes responsible for the conversion of [2-14C] acetate to [14C] cholesterol. It is suggested that cholesterol synthesized de novo can serve as a percursor for progesterone synthesis in-vivo.
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Coagulation profile in women on low-dose oral contraceptive pills
Item Type: Article
Editor:
Year: 00/12/1990
Abstract: A cross-sectional study looking at the coagulation system was carried out involving 175 women attending the National Population and Family Development Board's Clinic at the Maternity Clinic, General Hospital, Kuala Lumpur. Study subjects comprise of 50 combined low-dose estrogen/progesterone oral contraceptive (OC) pill users and 75 non-OC users, acting as controls. The subjects were on the pill for a period of one year or more. There were significant shortening of the prothrombin time (PT) and partial thromboplastin time (PTT) in the OC group as compared to the control group. However, the activities of factors II, V and VII assayed were not significantly different between the two groups, suggesting that the changes in the PT and PTT were not significant clinically. The effect of long term usage of combined low-dose OC pills does not seem to indicate changes in the coagulation profile of the women in our study.
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Comparative study on the acceptance and use of contraceptive methods in a rural population in Kelantan
Item Type: Article
Editor:
Year: 00/12/1990
Abstract: The generally poor health indices for Kelantan and the strong cultural beliefs with reference to contraception dictated the need for this study. 350 women from neighbouring estates were studied via questionaires. It was found that only 44.85% use some form of contraception and 18.4% of these resorted to traditional methods. There was some relationship between race and choice of contraception. Education did play a role in encouraging contraception. Despite the low acceptance of contraception, spacing of children did exist-probably due to breastfeeding that's widely practised.
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Effects of friends feminine wipes on sperm viability in-vitro
Item Type: Article
Editor:
Year: 00/12/1990
Abstract: Friend feminine wipes, disinfectant impregnanted fibre tissues meant for the maintenance of female hygiene, was evaluated for its effect on sperm viability in-vitro and found to be spermicidal. These feminine wipes are therefore not recommended for use at coitus in couples who are planning pregnancies. Although the wipes were found to have spermicidal properties they are not recommended for the purpose of contraception.
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Clinical evaluation of Buserelin, a GnRH analogue in the management of moderate to severe pelvic endometriosis
Item Type: Article
Editor:
Year: 00/12/1990
Abstract: A local study, a part of a multinasional and multicenter study on the efficacy and safety of Buserelin was carried out for the treatment of pelvic endometriosis using a standard protocol. 20 women diagnosed to have moderate to severe endometriosis by laparoscopy were recruited. The women were given 900 micrograms Buserelin acetate daily by intranasal spray for a fixed period of 6 months. Baseline hormonal and biochemical parameters were taken prior to treatment and the parameters were repeated during each follow-up at weekly and monthly intervals. In addition, changes in symptoms were monitored. A second look laparoscopy was performed at completion of therapy and patients were followed up for a further 6 months. There was 100 percent suppression of oestradiol levels during the 6 months treatment period. An improvement of implants according to AFS classification occured in all patients. One patient discontinued because of side effects. Restoration of cycles after completion of therapy occured within 7 weeks. There were 7 pregnancies (64%) in the first 6 months after treatment for those wanting pregnancies. During therapy, dysmenorrhoea, pelvic pain and dyspareunia improved considerably. Buserelin was proven to be effective in the management of pelvic endometriosis and is well tolerated and safe.
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K.A.P. Study of Family planning among married Orang Asli Women of Hulu Langat District, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia
Item Type: Article
Editor:
Year: 00/00/1990
Abstract: A study of knowledge, attitude and practice was carried out among sixty nine married Orang Asli women in the district of Kuala Langat. The study showed that only a small proportion of the women were using family planning methods. About half of the study women were still uncertain with regards to their attitude towards family planning. The findings also showed that there was no diversity of the methods with oral contraceptive being the major choice. Majority of the husbands had indeed positive feeling towards family planning. The women also considered breastfeeding as a major method of contraception.
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1987 (8)
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Hemorrheology and fibrinolytic response in women taking oral contraceptive pills
Item Type: Article
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Year: 00/12/1987
Abstract: A study was conducted on a total of 107 women attending the National Population and Family Development Board, Malaysia (NPFDB) Maternity Hospital, Kuala Lumpur. The subjects were divided into 3 groups. Group I and II consisted of woman on a low-dose combined estrogen and progestagen pills for a duration of 3-6 months and 1-2 year respectively. Group III was a control group consisting of women not on pills. A series of tests to evaluate hemorrheology and the fibrinolytic response were carried out. The results obtained showed no definite or significant difference in the two systems for all the three groups investigated. These findings are comparable to those reported by other investigators, implying relative safety of these pills in the local population.
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A five-year review of diagnostic laparoscopy and female sterilizations in 52 centers in Malaysia
Item Type: Article
Editor:
Year: 00/06/1987
Abstract: Doctors participating in the Laparoscopy Program of the National Population and Family Development Board, Malaysia return data on all cases of diagnostic laparoscopy and female sterilizations carried in their centres. Data on 2,179 cases of diagnostic laparoscopy and 4,740 cases of female sterilizations for the period 1981-1985 are analysed. States with the highest return rates are Kuala Lumpur Federal Territory, Negeri Sembilan, Johor and Perak. The Specialist Centre of the Board alone accounted for one-third of the cases. Data for female sterilizations are further analysed. Complication rates for laparoscopy and minilaparotomy techniques are low at between 0.5 to 2.5 per 100 procedures. All doctors providing such services should be encouraged to participate in this Program and submit data in order to improve and learn from this Program.
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In vitro maturation of immature human oocytes in culture medium containing follicular fluid
Item Type: Article
Editor:
Year: 00/06/1987
Abstract: In clinical IVF programs often immature oocytes are retrieved. Under such circumstances, numerous workers have advocated the procedure of pre-incubation in insemination medium for 12-36 hours, prior to insemination to induce maturation. We describe here the supplementation of follicular fluid in insemination medium to induce maturation of immature oocytes. The culture characteristics of the insemination medium containing follicular fluid appears to be better than the insemination medium without follicular fluid. Previous reports suggest the presence of a meiosis-inducing substance in follicular fluid which could trigger the resumption of meiosis and hence contribute to oocyte maturation. Other factors in follicular fluids which are yet to be elucidated, may also contribute to oocyte maturation. It is concluded that superior culture characteristics can be obtained if immature oocytes are preincubated for 16-36 hours in insemination medium containing 50% follicular fluid.
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Maternal reciprocal translocation t(1p;6p) in a couple with recurrent spontaneous abortion
Item Type: Article
Editor:
Year: 00/06/1987
Abstract: G-banded chromosome complements were analyzed from peripheral blood lymphocytes of a couple who had experinced for spontaneous abortions. The karyotype of the husband was designated as 46,XY, while the wife's karyotype was designated as 46,XX, t(1p;6p). Balanced reciprocal translocations appear to be associated with the recurrent spontaneous abortions experienced by the couple. We report here a case of a maternal (1p;6p) reciprocal translocation in a couple with repeated fetal loss.
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Paramedic insertion of intrauterine device in a Malaysian family planning clinic
Item Type: Article
Editor:
Year: 00/06/1987
Abstract: A retrospective study was carried out in a Malaysian urban family planning clinic to evaluate the effectiveness of the paramedic in intrauterine contraceptive device (IUD)insertion. Seventy-nine multiload Cu 250 insertions by trained senior nurse in 1983 were measured against 369 insertions by doctors. Follow-up was done by nurses. At the cut-off date on 31st October 1985, the case records were examined. It was found that there was no statistically significant difference in termination percentage due to IUD complications. The nurse's group had a significantly higher percentage of failure to follow-up and also removal for personal reasons. No significant difference between the 2 groups was shown for termination due to accidental pregnancy, bleeding and pain, expulsion and pelvic infections. Removal of IUD to plan for pregnancy is high in both groups. The results show that the trained paramedic can be just as effective as doctors for IUD insertion.
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Effect of centchroman on lipid metabolism in genital organs of female rhesus monkeys (macaca mulatta)
Item Type: Article
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Year: 00/06/1987
Abstract: Effect of Centchroman (3,4-trans-2, 2-dimenthyl-3-phenyl-4-p (B-pyrrolidinoethoxy)-phenyl-7-methoxy chroman)treatment at 1 and 2.5 mg/kg; for 3, 6 and 12 months on lipids constituents of uterus,cervix and vagina was studied. Centchroman did not cause any consistent pattern of alteration in lipid contents of uterus, cervix and vagina of female rhesus monkey. However, uterine phospholipids were decreased at both the doses and cervical and vaginal triglycerides increases at higher dose. The altered nature of responses in the genital organs may be due to manifestation of estrogenic-cum-antiestrogenic properties of centchroman.
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A prospective study of the acceptability of today vaginal contraceptive sponge among Malaysian women
Item Type: Article
Editor:
Year: 00/06/1987
Abstract: Fifty volunteers were selected in a two month prospective study to evaluate the acceptability of the Today vaginal sponge contraceptive among Malaysian women. One participant developed allergic reaction to the sponge and was taken off at an early stage of the study. Fourty- nine participants completed one month follow-up.Thirteen subjects discontinued for various reasons which are related and not related to the sponge. The remaining 36 participants completed the study. Few side effects were observed among the sponge users who completed the trial. One subject complained that the Loop of the sponge hurt her husband's penis. Most of the women who are on the sponges claimed that sexual intercourse is no longer messy. Four subjects claimed that the sponges pontentiated sexual feeling to their male partners. The sponge is generally accepted by the study group, which suggest that the general impression 'Asian Women abhor any form of vaginal contraception' is not totally correct. It is suggested that the contraceptive efficacy of the sponge be evaluated among our women in the future.
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Effect of norgestrel and testosterone on male rats
Item Type: Article
Editor:
Year: 00/06/1987
Abstract: Intramuscular administration of Norgestrel, an orally active progestogen, to male rats for 48 days interrupted spermatogenesis and also caused a temporary loss of libido. Testosterone therapy restored libido in progesterone treated rats but not the spermatogenic process. Consequent upon these findings, a new combination of Norgestrel and Testosterone, capable of inducing temporary sterility in male rats, has been evolved.
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1984 (1)
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Apparent benefit from corticosteroids in bronchopulmonary dysplasia: a case report
Item Type: Article
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Year: 00/00/1984
Abstract: A case of bronchopulmonary dysplasia complicating the ventilatory management of respiratory distress syndrome is described. The diagnosis was documented by typical clinical radiological and cytopathologic criteria. The infant's abrupt clinical deterioration was reversed by the use of high dosage steroids and attempt at reducing the dose of steroids initially was associated with clinical and radiological deterioration. We conclude that steroid administration seemed beneficial in our patient.
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1983 (7)
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Age of biological maturity of Malaysian girls by ethnicity
Item Type: Article
Editor:
Year: 00/01/1983
Abstract: This study tries to estimate the age of biological maturity of Malaysian girls by ethnicity by employing an indirect methodology. Age at biological maturity is estimated by considering retrospective fertility and family survey data on marriage, first birth, and contraceptive use. The waiting time for the biological mature females to conceive is 3.0 months; 3.2 months among the Malays, 2.7 months among the Chinese, and 2.8 months among the Indians.The maximum age of attaining biological maturity is 20 for all ethnic groups except Indians (19 years). The expected age biological maturity at birth is 15.6 years; 15.3 years for the Malays, 15.4 for the Chinese and 14.8 years for the Indians.The mean age of attaining biological maturity coincides with the expected age of attaining biological maturity at birth.
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Determinants of neonatal outcome in a Malaysian Maternity Hospital, 1980-1981
Item Type: Article
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Year: 00/01/1983
Abstract: The compilation and analysis of basic perinatal statistics in the Maternity Hospital, Kuala Lumpur is described. The study period covers the years 1980-1981. Determinants of neonatal mortality include very low birthweight (<1.5 kg), a gestational age of less than 32 weeks and clinical conditions of asphyxia, bacterial sepsis and respiratory distress syndrome. A proposal for a clinical classification of neonatal mortality is advanced and implications for a wider applicability of this approach is suggested to better evaluate perinatal performance in hospitals all over the country.
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The pattern of maternal mortality at Maternity Hospital Kuala Lumpur
Item Type: Article
Editor:
Year: 00/01/1983
Abstract: From 1978 to 1981, there were 70,000 deliveries at Maternity Hospital, Kuala Lumpur. 39 maternal mortalities were encountered during this four year period. The major causes of death were toxemia, hemorrhage, embolism, medical disease in pregnancy, sepsis, uterine inversion, obstetric trauma, Mendelson and pulmonary edema. Avoidable factors were isolated in all the mortalities except in three, one due to infective hepatitis and two due to cardiac disease in pregnancy. The patient was at fault in four mortalities. The need for documenting all maternal mortalities is a priority in this country to make analysis more meaningful.
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Office laparoscopic assessment of female fertility
Item Type: Article
Editor:
Year: 00/01/1983
Abstract: The preliminary report details our experience and also serves to evaluate the risk benefits of office laparoscopy for female fertility assessment in 183 subjects. The patients were admitted at about 8.00 in the morning and discharged at 3.00 to 4.00 in the afternoon after laparoscopy has been performed. Only 7.7 percent of the subjects required inhalational anesthetic gases along with a combination of intravenous sedation and local anesthetic infiltration. The pick-up rate for pelvic abnormality is fairly high, approximately 22.4 percent. Difficulties and complications encountered during laparoscopy were minimal and easily overcome.The benefits of laparoscopy overrules assessment and sterilization feature laparoscopy on an 'outpatient basis' as one of its main activities.
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Actinomyces-like organisms in the cervical smears of IUCD users
Item Type: Article
Editor:
Year: 00/01/1983
Abstract: Cervical smears of 128 intrauterine contraceptive device users were stained by Gram stain and screened for the presence of Actinomyces-like organisms. Actinomyces-like organisms were observed in 5.5 percent, pus cell in 20.1 percent and yeast cells in 10.2 percent of the smears examined. The average duration of insertion was 8 months. Smears of 103 controls were negative for Actinomyces-like organisms, pus cells were observed in 8.7 percent and yeasts in 4.8 percent.
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Problems of neonatal surgery in Malaysia
Item Type: Article
Editor:
Year: 00/01/1983
Abstract: From January 1970 to May 1981, there were 594 neonates admitted to the General Hospital, Kuala Lumpur for surgery. Three hundred and seventy-one cases bad major alimentary tract alimentary tract abnormalities 97.1 percent of which caused obstruction. High gut anomalies and diaphragmmatic hernia (Group A cases) were relatively uncommon and the overall post-operative mortality for this group was high (64.6 percent). Overall mortality declined from 75.0 percent in 1970 to 10.3 percent for the first six month of 1981. Death rate among the low birth weight infants and those with multiple anomalies however, remain high. Factors related to post-operative mortality are discussed. Foremost among them is the time of referral to the surgeon. Various problems of management in this hospital are also highlighted.
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Female sterilization using filshie clip in private practice
Item Type: Article
Editor:
Year: 00/01/1983
Abstract: The findings of a trial clip female sterilization program in private practice in Malaysia is presented. The Filshie clips were successfully applied in 382 subjects. Complications encountered were minimal. Only one subject presented with an intrauterine pregnancy following sterilization (0.3 percent). The success rate was very high in the region of 99.7 percent. This study also strengthens the view that private practitioners can play a very important role in the delivery of family planning advice and services to the masses in developing countries.
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