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The effects of economic hardship on parenting behavior of Rungus in Sabah
Item Type: Article
Author: 
Ismail, Rosnah and
Baharudin, Rozumah and
Juhari, Rumaya and
Porodong, Paul and
Bahari, Ferlis and
Author: 
Editor: 
Year:  00/01/2004
Abstract:  Economic hardship has detrimental effect on parenting behavior. Parents with low and unstable incomes experience more emotional stress, more depressive symptoms and less involved in the children's lives (McLoyd,1990;Taylor et al, 1970). The main objective of this study is to investigate the relationship between economic hardship and parenting behavior of Rungus families in urban and rural areas in Sabah. The sample consists of 243 respondents, (115 husbands and 128 wives) with 111 respondents live in urban and 132 respondents live in rural areas. The instrument used for this study were the Economic Strain Questionnaire (ESQ) to measure economic hardship, and Parent,s report (PR) to measure parenting behavior. Analysis of data was done using t-test and Pearson correlation. The result of the study revealed that economic hardship was significantly correlated to parenting behavior. There are no relationship between financial hardship and parenting behavior. Implications of these findings and future research are discussed.
 
 
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The National Study on reproductive health and sexuality of adolescents in Malaysia 1994/1995
Item Type: Research Report
Author: 
National Population and Family Development Board, Malaysia,  and
Author: 
National Population and Family Development Board, Malaysia and
Editor: 
Year:  00/00/1996
Abstract:  The National Study on Reproductive Health and Sexuality of Adolescents in Malaysia was initiated with the aim of formulating a National Programme on Reproductive Health for Adolescents. The specific objectives of the study are: i. to establish the status of the knowledge, attitude and practice of adolescents with regard to sexual and reproductive health, ii. to identify the constraints that adolescents face in seeking information and service relating to sexual and reproductive health, iii. to obtain the participation of adolescents in the design and implementation of programmes and activities for their own welfare. The single most expected outcome of the Study on Reproductive Health and Sexuality of Adolescents in Malaysia is a Cabinet memorandum which will propose appropriate policy and programme changes for the promotion and maintenance of optimal reproductive health among Malaysian adolescents geared towards the year 2020. This Memorandum will serve as a vital national reference and benchmark for evaluating future trends and patterns. It will be the basis for the reorientation of values, attitudes and approaches for the management of sexuality and reproductive health of adolescents in the country.
 
 
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The detection of estrogen-dependent proteins in monkey oviductal fluid
Item Type: Article
Author: 
A., Paliwal and
V.P., Kamboj and
B., Malaviya and
Author: 
Editor: 
Year:  00/12/1990
Abstract:  To detect hormone induced changes in oviductal fluid protein pattern, flushings obtained from ovariectomized untreated and estradiol or estradiol plus progesterone treated monkeys were analysed by sodium dodecyl sulphate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. Superimposed densitometric scans of coomassie blue and periodic acid Schiff's (PAS) stained electrophoretic patterns revealed that estradiol treatment results in the appearance of a new protein (130 K) with maximum carbohydrate content as compared to other proteins present in the luminal milieu. The concentration of 85 and 95 K proteins also increase significantly after estradiol treatment. However, progesterone supplementation in estradiol primed monkeys results in the disappearance of 85 and 95 K proteins and decreased the 130 K glycoprotein considerably. Thus while estrogen acts as an inducer,progesterone antagonizes its action in monkey fallopian tubes and inhibits the synthesis of proteins which may have a role in early reproductive events.
 
 
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